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DNA Synthesis in the Rat Lens Epithelium After Roentgen Irradiation

DNA Synthesis in the Rat Lens Epithelium After Roentgen Irradiation Abstract Introduction Mitotic activity in the lens epithelium of laboratory animals is suppressed after ionizing radiation,1-4 and the extent and duration of this suppression varies with the administered dose and the animal species studied. The resulting epithelial injury has been considered to be an important factor in the pathogenesis of radiation cataract.Mitosis occupies only a short period of the cell's life cycle. Studies of a number of cell systems, both in vitro and in vivo, have established that mitosis is followed by an interval during which the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) complement of the cell remains constant (G1), a period during which new DNA is synthesized (S), and by a postsynthetic gap (G2) which precedes the next division. The exact timing of this cycle varies widely from one type of cell to another.Howard and Pelc5,6 first studied the effect of x-rays on DNA metabolism at a References 1. Poppe, E.: Experimental Investigations of the Effect of Roentgen Rays on the Epithelium of the Crystalline Lens , Acta Radiol. (Stockh.) 23:354, 1942.Crossref 2. von Sallmann, L.: Experimental Studies on Early Lens Changes After Roentgen Irradiation: III. Effect of X-Radiation on Mitotic Activity and Nuclear Fragmentation of Lens Epithelium in Normal and Cysteine-Treated Rabbits , A.M.A. Arch. Ophthal. 47:305, 1952.Crossref 3. von Sallmann, L.; Tobias, C. A.; Anger, H. O.; Welch, C.; Kimura, S. F.; Munoz, C. M., and Drungis, A.: Effects of High-Energy Particles, X-Rays, and Aging on Lens Epithelium , A.M.A. Arch. Ophthal. 54:489, 1955.Crossref 4. von Sallmann, L.; Caravaggio, L.; Munoz, C. M., and Drungis, A.: Species Differences in the Radiosensitivity of the Lens , Amer. J. Ophthal. 43:693, 1957. 5. Howard, A., and Pelc, S.: Synthesis of Deoxyribonucleic Acid in Normal and Irradiated Cells and Its Relation to Chromosome Breakage , Heredity (Suppl.) 6:261, 1953. 6. Pelc, S., and Howard, A.: Effect of Various Doses of X-Rays on the Number of Cells Synthesizing DNA , Radiat. Res. 3:135, 1955.Crossref 7. Howard, A.: Influence of Radiation on DNA Metabolism , in Ciba Foundation Symposium on Ionizing Radiation and Cell Metabolism , London, J. & A. Churchill, Ltd., 1956. 8. Kelly, L. S.: Effect of Radiation on DNA Synthesis in Mammalian Cells , Progr. Biophys. 8:143, 1957. 9. Lajtha, L. G.: The Effect of Radiations on Nucleic Acid Metabolism , in The Nucleic Acids , New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1960, Vol. 3. 10. Goutier, R.: Effects of X-Rays on Nucleic Acid Biosynthesis and on the Activity of Nucleases in Mammalian Cells , Progr. Biophys. 11:54, 1961. 11. Howard, A.: Whole Mounts of Rabbit Lens Epithelium for Cytological Study , Stain Tech. 27: 313, 1952. 12. von Sallmann, L.; Grimes, P., and McElvain, N.: Aspects of Mitotic Activity in Relation to Cell Proliferation in the Lens Epithelium, Exp. Eye Res. 1962, to be published. 13. Harrington, H.: Effect of Irradiation on Cell Division and Nucleic Acid Synthesis in Strain U-12 Fibroblasts , Biochem. Biophys. Acta. 41:454, 1960.Crossref 14. Lajtha, L. G.; Oliver, R.; Kumatori, T., and Ellis, F.: On the Mechanism of Radiation Effect on DNA Synthesis , Radiat. Res. 8:1, 1958.Crossref 15. Kelly, L.; Hirsch, J. D.; Beach, G., and Palmer, W.: The Time Function of P32 Incorporation into DNA of Regenerating Liver: The Effect of Irradiation , Cancer Res. 17:117, 1957. 16. Sherman, F. G., and Quastler, H.: DNA Synthesis in Irradiated Intestinal Epithelium , Exp. Cell Res. 19:343, 1960.Crossref 17. Tsuya, A.; Bond, V. P.; Fliedner, T. M., and Feinendegen, L. E.: Cellularity and Deoxyribonucleic Acid Synthesis in Bone Marrow After Total- and Partial-Body Irradiation , Radiat. Res. 14:618, 1961.Crossref 18. Shapiro, I. M.: On the Role of Nuclear Damage in the Regeneration of Irradiated Tissues , Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 3:293, 1961.Crossref http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Archives of Ophthalmology American Medical Association

DNA Synthesis in the Rat Lens Epithelium After Roentgen Irradiation

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Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1962 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0003-9950
eISSN
1538-3687
DOI
10.1001/archopht.1962.00960030796014
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Abstract

Abstract Introduction Mitotic activity in the lens epithelium of laboratory animals is suppressed after ionizing radiation,1-4 and the extent and duration of this suppression varies with the administered dose and the animal species studied. The resulting epithelial injury has been considered to be an important factor in the pathogenesis of radiation cataract.Mitosis occupies only a short period of the cell's life cycle. Studies of a number of cell systems, both in vitro and in vivo, have established that mitosis is followed by an interval during which the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) complement of the cell remains constant (G1), a period during which new DNA is synthesized (S), and by a postsynthetic gap (G2) which precedes the next division. The exact timing of this cycle varies widely from one type of cell to another.Howard and Pelc5,6 first studied the effect of x-rays on DNA metabolism at a References 1. Poppe, E.: Experimental Investigations of the Effect of Roentgen Rays on the Epithelium of the Crystalline Lens , Acta Radiol. (Stockh.) 23:354, 1942.Crossref 2. von Sallmann, L.: Experimental Studies on Early Lens Changes After Roentgen Irradiation: III. Effect of X-Radiation on Mitotic Activity and Nuclear Fragmentation of Lens Epithelium in Normal and Cysteine-Treated Rabbits , A.M.A. Arch. Ophthal. 47:305, 1952.Crossref 3. von Sallmann, L.; Tobias, C. A.; Anger, H. O.; Welch, C.; Kimura, S. F.; Munoz, C. M., and Drungis, A.: Effects of High-Energy Particles, X-Rays, and Aging on Lens Epithelium , A.M.A. Arch. Ophthal. 54:489, 1955.Crossref 4. von Sallmann, L.; Caravaggio, L.; Munoz, C. M., and Drungis, A.: Species Differences in the Radiosensitivity of the Lens , Amer. J. Ophthal. 43:693, 1957. 5. Howard, A., and Pelc, S.: Synthesis of Deoxyribonucleic Acid in Normal and Irradiated Cells and Its Relation to Chromosome Breakage , Heredity (Suppl.) 6:261, 1953. 6. Pelc, S., and Howard, A.: Effect of Various Doses of X-Rays on the Number of Cells Synthesizing DNA , Radiat. Res. 3:135, 1955.Crossref 7. Howard, A.: Influence of Radiation on DNA Metabolism , in Ciba Foundation Symposium on Ionizing Radiation and Cell Metabolism , London, J. & A. Churchill, Ltd., 1956. 8. Kelly, L. S.: Effect of Radiation on DNA Synthesis in Mammalian Cells , Progr. Biophys. 8:143, 1957. 9. Lajtha, L. G.: The Effect of Radiations on Nucleic Acid Metabolism , in The Nucleic Acids , New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1960, Vol. 3. 10. Goutier, R.: Effects of X-Rays on Nucleic Acid Biosynthesis and on the Activity of Nucleases in Mammalian Cells , Progr. Biophys. 11:54, 1961. 11. Howard, A.: Whole Mounts of Rabbit Lens Epithelium for Cytological Study , Stain Tech. 27: 313, 1952. 12. von Sallmann, L.; Grimes, P., and McElvain, N.: Aspects of Mitotic Activity in Relation to Cell Proliferation in the Lens Epithelium, Exp. Eye Res. 1962, to be published. 13. Harrington, H.: Effect of Irradiation on Cell Division and Nucleic Acid Synthesis in Strain U-12 Fibroblasts , Biochem. Biophys. Acta. 41:454, 1960.Crossref 14. Lajtha, L. G.; Oliver, R.; Kumatori, T., and Ellis, F.: On the Mechanism of Radiation Effect on DNA Synthesis , Radiat. Res. 8:1, 1958.Crossref 15. Kelly, L.; Hirsch, J. D.; Beach, G., and Palmer, W.: The Time Function of P32 Incorporation into DNA of Regenerating Liver: The Effect of Irradiation , Cancer Res. 17:117, 1957. 16. Sherman, F. G., and Quastler, H.: DNA Synthesis in Irradiated Intestinal Epithelium , Exp. Cell Res. 19:343, 1960.Crossref 17. Tsuya, A.; Bond, V. P.; Fliedner, T. M., and Feinendegen, L. E.: Cellularity and Deoxyribonucleic Acid Synthesis in Bone Marrow After Total- and Partial-Body Irradiation , Radiat. Res. 14:618, 1961.Crossref 18. Shapiro, I. M.: On the Role of Nuclear Damage in the Regeneration of Irradiated Tissues , Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 3:293, 1961.Crossref

Journal

Archives of Ophthalmology – American Medical Association

Published: Dec 1, 1962

References

  • Experimental Investigations of the Effect of Roentgen Rays on the Epithelium of the Crystalline Lens
    Poppe , E.
  • Experimental Studies on Early Lens Changes After Roentgen Irradiation: III. Effect of X-Radiation on Mitotic Activity and Nuclear Fragmentation of Lens Epithelium in Normal and Cysteine-Treated Rabbits
    von Sallmann , L.
  • Effects of High-Energy Particles, X-Rays, and Aging on Lens Epithelium
    von Sallmann , L.; Tobias, C. A.; Anger, H. O.; Welch, C.; Kimura, S. F.; Munoz, C. M., and Drungis, A.
  • Species Differences in the Radiosensitivity of the Lens
    von Sallmann , L.; Caravaggio, L.; Munoz, C. M., and Drungis, A.
  • Synthesis of Deoxyribonucleic Acid in Normal and Irradiated Cells and Its Relation to Chromosome Breakage
    Howard , A., and Pelc, S.
  • Effect of Various Doses of X-Rays on the Number of Cells Synthesizing DNA
    Pelc , S., and Howard, A.
  • Ciba Foundation Symposium on Ionizing Radiation and Cell Metabolism
    Howard , A.
  • Effect of Radiation on DNA Synthesis in Mammalian Cells
    Kelly , L. S.
  • The Nucleic Acids
    Lajtha , L. G.
  • Effects of X-Rays on Nucleic Acid Biosynthesis and on the Activity of Nucleases in Mammalian Cells
    Goutier , R.
  • Whole Mounts of Rabbit Lens Epithelium for Cytological Study
    Howard , A.
  • Effect of Irradiation on Cell Division and Nucleic Acid Synthesis in Strain U-12 Fibroblasts
    Harrington , H.
  • On the Mechanism of Radiation Effect on DNA Synthesis
    Lajtha , L. G.; Oliver, R.; Kumatori, T., and Ellis, F.
  • The Time Function of P32 Incorporation into DNA of Regenerating Liver: The Effect of Irradiation
    Kelly , L.; Hirsch, J. D.; Beach, G., and Palmer, W.
  • DNA Synthesis in Irradiated Intestinal Epithelium
    Sherman , F. G., and Quastler, H.
  • Cellularity and Deoxyribonucleic Acid Synthesis in Bone Marrow After Total- and Partial-Body Irradiation
    Tsuya , A.; Bond, V. P.; Fliedner, T. M., and Feinendegen, L. E.
  • On the Role of Nuclear Damage in the Regeneration of Irradiated Tissues
    Shapiro , I. M.