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Cold Allergy Associated with Cryoproteinemia

Cold Allergy Associated with Cryoproteinemia Abstract In 1933 Wintrobe and Buell20 reported a case of multiple myeloma with a serum protein which precipitated immediately after withdrawal from the body. Subsequently, cold-precipitable serum protein fractions have been encountered in a variety of conditions and their properties have been described.* Abnormal reactions to low temperatures, such as blanching, cyanosis, mottling, and signs of circulatory insufficiency, have been reported separately and in association with other diseases, such as multiple myeloma, leukemia, bronchiectasis, rheumatic fever, rheumatoid arthritis, and others.† The clinical manifestations have been ascribed to the physical characteristics of the cryoprotein,‡ and to an immunological reaction.21 This study illustrates the phenomenon of cold allergy manifested by urticaria, mottling of the skin, and pruritus associated with a cold-precipitable serum protein fraction. Treatment with cortisone abolished the abnormal reaction to cold and resulted in the disappearance of the cryoproteinemia. Report of Case The subject, References 1. References 1, 2, 6, 9, 11, and 21. 2. References 1, 8, 10, 14, and 16. 3. References 1, 9, and 12. 4. References 1 and 9. 5. Barr, D. P.; Reader, G. G., and Wheeler, C. H.: Cryoglobulinemia: Report of 2 Cases with Discussion of Clinical Manifestations, Incidence, and Significance , Ann. Int. Med. 32:6, 1950.Crossref 6. Von Bornsdorff, B.; Groth, H., and Packalen, T.: On the Presence of a High Molecular Crystallizable Protein in Blood Serum in Myeloma , Folia haemat. 59:184, 1938. 7. Duke, W. W.: The Relation of Blood Platelets to Hemorrhagic Disease: Description of a Method for Determining the Bleeding Time and Coagulation Time and Report of 3 Cases of Hemorrhagic Disease Relieved by Transfusion , J. A. M. A. 55:1185, 1910.Crossref 8. Goodman, L. S., and Gilman, A.: The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics , Ed. 2, New York, The Macmillan Company, 1955. 9. Gutman, A. B.: The Plasma Proteins in Disease , Advances. Protein Chem. 4:156, 1948. 10. Holmberg, C. G., and Grönwall, A.: Ein neues krystalliniches Serumglobulin , Ztschr. Physiol. Chem. 273:199, 1942.Crossref 11. Kelly, F. J., and Wise, R. A.: Observations on Cold Sensitivity , Am. J. Med. 15:431, 1953.Crossref 12. Lerner, A. B.; Barnum, C. P., and Watson, C. J.: Studies of Cryoglobulins: II. The Spontaneous Precipitation of Protein from Serum at 5 C in Various Disease States , Am. J. M. Sc. 214:416, 1947.Crossref 13. Lerner, A. B., and Greenberg, G. R.: A Homomolecular Serum Protein with Anomalous Solubilities , J. Biol. Chem. 162:429, 1946. 14. Lerner, A. B., and Watson, C. J.: Studies of Cryoglobulin: I. Unusual Purpura Associated with the Presence of a High Concentration of Cryoglobulin , Am. J. M. Sc. 214:410, 1947.Crossref 15. Osserman, E. F., and Lawlor, D. P.: Abnormal Serum and Urine Proteins in 35 Cases of Multiple Myeloma as Studied by Filter Paper Electrophoresis , Am. J. Med. 18:462, 1955.Crossref 16. Peters, G. A., and Horton, B. T.: Allergic Purpura with Special Reference to Hypersensitiveness to Cold , Proc. Staff Meet. Mayo Clin. 16:631, 1941. 17. Quick, A. J.: The Clinical Application of the Hippuric Acid and the Prothrombin Tests , Am. J. Clin. Path. 10:222, 1940. 18. Schwartz, T. B., and Jager, B. V.: Cryoglobulinemia and Raynaud's Syndrome in a Case of Chronic Lymphatic Leukemia , Cancer 2:319, 1949.Crossref 19. Steinhart, M. J., and Fisher, G. S.: Cold Urticaria and Purpura as Allergic Aspects of Cryoglobulinemia , J. Allergy 24:335, 1953.Crossref 20. Svartz, N., and Schlossman, K.: A Serum Cold-Precipitable Hemagglutinating Factor in Rheumatoid Arthritis , Acta med. scandinav. 149:83, 1955.Crossref 21. Todd, J. C., and Sanford, A. H.: Clinical Diagnosis by Laboratory Methods , Ed. 10, Philadelphia and London, W. B. Saunders Company, 1943. 22. Weichselbaum, T. E.: An Accurate and Rapid Method for the Determination of Protein in Small Amounts of Blood, Serum and Plasma , Am. J. Clin. Path., Tech Sect. 10:40, 1946. 23. Wertheimer, E., and Stein, L.: The Cold Susceptible Globulin Fraction of Pathological Sera , J. Lab. & Clin. Med. 29:1082, 1944. 24. Wintrobe, M. M., and Buell, M. V.: Hyperproteinemia Associated with Multiple Myeloma , Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp. 52:156, 1933. 25. Wirtschafter, Z. T.; Williams, D. W., and Gaulden, E. C.: Cryoproteinemia: An Immunological Phenomenon? Am. J. Med. 20:624, 1956. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png A.M.A. Archives of Dermatology American Medical Association

Cold Allergy Associated with Cryoproteinemia

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References (26)

Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1956 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0096-5359
DOI
10.1001/archderm.1956.01550090076016
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Abstract In 1933 Wintrobe and Buell20 reported a case of multiple myeloma with a serum protein which precipitated immediately after withdrawal from the body. Subsequently, cold-precipitable serum protein fractions have been encountered in a variety of conditions and their properties have been described.* Abnormal reactions to low temperatures, such as blanching, cyanosis, mottling, and signs of circulatory insufficiency, have been reported separately and in association with other diseases, such as multiple myeloma, leukemia, bronchiectasis, rheumatic fever, rheumatoid arthritis, and others.† The clinical manifestations have been ascribed to the physical characteristics of the cryoprotein,‡ and to an immunological reaction.21 This study illustrates the phenomenon of cold allergy manifested by urticaria, mottling of the skin, and pruritus associated with a cold-precipitable serum protein fraction. Treatment with cortisone abolished the abnormal reaction to cold and resulted in the disappearance of the cryoproteinemia. Report of Case The subject, References 1. References 1, 2, 6, 9, 11, and 21. 2. References 1, 8, 10, 14, and 16. 3. References 1, 9, and 12. 4. References 1 and 9. 5. Barr, D. P.; Reader, G. G., and Wheeler, C. H.: Cryoglobulinemia: Report of 2 Cases with Discussion of Clinical Manifestations, Incidence, and Significance , Ann. Int. Med. 32:6, 1950.Crossref 6. Von Bornsdorff, B.; Groth, H., and Packalen, T.: On the Presence of a High Molecular Crystallizable Protein in Blood Serum in Myeloma , Folia haemat. 59:184, 1938. 7. Duke, W. W.: The Relation of Blood Platelets to Hemorrhagic Disease: Description of a Method for Determining the Bleeding Time and Coagulation Time and Report of 3 Cases of Hemorrhagic Disease Relieved by Transfusion , J. A. M. A. 55:1185, 1910.Crossref 8. Goodman, L. S., and Gilman, A.: The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics , Ed. 2, New York, The Macmillan Company, 1955. 9. Gutman, A. B.: The Plasma Proteins in Disease , Advances. Protein Chem. 4:156, 1948. 10. Holmberg, C. G., and Grönwall, A.: Ein neues krystalliniches Serumglobulin , Ztschr. Physiol. Chem. 273:199, 1942.Crossref 11. Kelly, F. J., and Wise, R. A.: Observations on Cold Sensitivity , Am. J. Med. 15:431, 1953.Crossref 12. Lerner, A. B.; Barnum, C. P., and Watson, C. J.: Studies of Cryoglobulins: II. The Spontaneous Precipitation of Protein from Serum at 5 C in Various Disease States , Am. J. M. Sc. 214:416, 1947.Crossref 13. Lerner, A. B., and Greenberg, G. R.: A Homomolecular Serum Protein with Anomalous Solubilities , J. Biol. Chem. 162:429, 1946. 14. Lerner, A. B., and Watson, C. J.: Studies of Cryoglobulin: I. Unusual Purpura Associated with the Presence of a High Concentration of Cryoglobulin , Am. J. M. Sc. 214:410, 1947.Crossref 15. Osserman, E. F., and Lawlor, D. P.: Abnormal Serum and Urine Proteins in 35 Cases of Multiple Myeloma as Studied by Filter Paper Electrophoresis , Am. J. Med. 18:462, 1955.Crossref 16. Peters, G. A., and Horton, B. T.: Allergic Purpura with Special Reference to Hypersensitiveness to Cold , Proc. Staff Meet. Mayo Clin. 16:631, 1941. 17. Quick, A. J.: The Clinical Application of the Hippuric Acid and the Prothrombin Tests , Am. J. Clin. Path. 10:222, 1940. 18. Schwartz, T. B., and Jager, B. V.: Cryoglobulinemia and Raynaud's Syndrome in a Case of Chronic Lymphatic Leukemia , Cancer 2:319, 1949.Crossref 19. Steinhart, M. J., and Fisher, G. S.: Cold Urticaria and Purpura as Allergic Aspects of Cryoglobulinemia , J. Allergy 24:335, 1953.Crossref 20. Svartz, N., and Schlossman, K.: A Serum Cold-Precipitable Hemagglutinating Factor in Rheumatoid Arthritis , Acta med. scandinav. 149:83, 1955.Crossref 21. Todd, J. C., and Sanford, A. H.: Clinical Diagnosis by Laboratory Methods , Ed. 10, Philadelphia and London, W. B. Saunders Company, 1943. 22. Weichselbaum, T. E.: An Accurate and Rapid Method for the Determination of Protein in Small Amounts of Blood, Serum and Plasma , Am. J. Clin. Path., Tech Sect. 10:40, 1946. 23. Wertheimer, E., and Stein, L.: The Cold Susceptible Globulin Fraction of Pathological Sera , J. Lab. & Clin. Med. 29:1082, 1944. 24. Wintrobe, M. M., and Buell, M. V.: Hyperproteinemia Associated with Multiple Myeloma , Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp. 52:156, 1933. 25. Wirtschafter, Z. T.; Williams, D. W., and Gaulden, E. C.: Cryoproteinemia: An Immunological Phenomenon? Am. J. Med. 20:624, 1956.

Journal

A.M.A. Archives of DermatologyAmerican Medical Association

Published: Sep 1, 1956

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