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dence interval 95% of the time. Finally, it can be in- clovir instead of placebo, 1 additional patient would be ferred that since the 95% confidence interval of the dif- totally healed by day 30. The probability that patients who ference in response rates excludes the zero difference, one are treated in your practice would fall outside of this range can reject the null hypothesis that the 2 treatments are is1in20. the same. The rejection of the null hypothesis in this case hasa1in20 chance of being wrong (P = .05). Michael Bigby, MD A busy clinician responsible for the care of patients Boston, Mass might ask “so what?” The most important information for the clinician is the response in the population at large 1. Bigby M, Gadenne AS. Understanding and evaluating clinical trials. J Am Acad and in his or her particular patient! Herein lies the power Dermatol. 1996;34:555-590. 2. Bigby M. Evidence-based medicine in a nutshell: a guide to finding and using of the confidence interval. The population or true re- the best evidence in caring for patients. Arch Dermatol. 1998;134:1609-1618. sponse to treatment will most likely lie near the middle 3. Sackett D, Richardson W, Rosenberg W,
JAMA Dermatology – American Medical Association
Published: Mar 1, 2000
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