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in hydrodynamic modelling are possible by neglecting the excited atomic and ionic levels , i.e. by considering only the atomic and ionic ground states and their ionization balance. The non-LTE ionization balance ...
abundance corrections for silicon lines in the grid of model atmospheres. Our conclusions are summarized in Section 8. 2 MODEL ATOM OF S i i–S i ii–S i iii 2.1 Energy levels For Si i, we employ all 451 energy ...
. These stars are a subset of the chemically peculiar Ap stars, which are characterized by surface spots with enhanced abundances of silicon , chromium, strontium or europium at levels up to a million times ...
position effects from the Rosetta Orbiter Spectrometer for Ion and Neutral Analysis (ROSINA) data. The inter-comparison of the instrument data sets shows a high level of consistency and provides insights ...
a number of metal lines, we derive the rotational velocity , $$ v $$esin i = 60 ± 2 km s−1. We found almost solar abundances with the exception of silicon (0.50 dex) overabundance. A Bayesian analysis, based ...
of the Cs atoms . The sinusoidal electron density distribution can be rationalized visually by sliding the 2D square lattice layers along two different crystallographic directions (Fig. 3b) [29,36]. Recently ...
velocity channel. This distribution is centred at the intensity in the observed spectrum for that particular velocity channel, with a variance equal to the rms noise squared. A value for the intensity ...
, the so-called nickel bubbles, to compute the total dust mass and molecular-species-specific grain size distribution . The total mass varies between |$0.41$| and |$0.73\, \mathrm{M}_\odot$|, depending ...
orbital angular momentum, heavily hampering the recoil velocity , and producing kicks which are, for the most part, below 100 km s−1 (e.g. Bogdanović, Reynolds & Miller 2007; Dotti et al. 2010). Depending ...
that the long-term variations in its spectral energy distribution have the most important consequences for the environment of HD 189733b. Reduced coronal and wind activity could favour the formation of a dense ...
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