TY - JOUR
AU1 - Itoh, Takao
AU2 - Kang, Kyung Duck
AB -  Introduction Crystals of many different shapes are observed in wood tissue. The crystals are present as styloid crystals, crystal sand, acicular crystals, variously shaped prisms, druses and raphides (Esau 1969; Franceschi and Horner 1980). Most of the crystals in wood tissue are composed of calcium oxalate (Watterdorf 1969; Frink 1991). In some cases, the crystals consist of calcium carbonate (Lee et al. 1985) or silicic acid anhydride, that is silica (Amos, 1952). Such crystals usually occur in the lumen of axial and/or ray parenchyma cells of both xylem and phloem tissue. Different forms of crystals are often found in a single species. Also, crystals with different constituents can be found in a single species (Lee et al 1985; Tairl· guchi et al. 1987). The crystals are probably formed after the completion of metabolism of a cell before cell death. It has been pointed out that crystals of calcium oxalate can occur in the cell wall (Esau 1969; Franceschi and Horner 1980). More recently, Fink (1991) described the distribution of calcium oxalate crystals in various conifer needles. Such crystals occurred in the vascular bundles extracellularly in the xylem and phloem walls, extracellularly on the outside of the walls of 
TI - The Occurrence of Calcium Oxalate Crystals in the Cell Walls of the Secondary Phloem of Taxodiaceae
JF - Holzforschung - International Journal of the Biology, Chemistry, Physics and Technology of Wood
DO - 10.1515/hfsg.1993.47.6.465
DA - 1993-01-01
UR - https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/de-gruyter/the-occurrence-of-calcium-oxalate-crystals-in-the-cell-walls-of-the-CWzNATPzEz
SP - 465
EP - 472
VL - 47
IS - 6
DP - DeepDyve