TY - JOUR
AU - Root, J. C.
AB - An Improved Method for Making Reproductions from X-ray Films Bernard H. Nichols , M.D. and J. C. Root , M.D. Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio Excerpt THE making of positive reproductions from x-ray films by the methods now in general use is a tedious and time-consuming task. We have sought to simplify and improve this type of work, as well as to reduce the cost in cases in which a large number of copies must be made. In addition, the method to be described provides for another means of lantern slide projection, namely, the film positive printed on a single strip of film. The method that we have found most acceptable for this work is based on the miniature camera using 35 mm. motion picture film. This film has the advantage of being very fine-grained; many negatives can be stored in a comparatively small space, and the cost per negative, when the film is purchased in bulk, is about one cent. The equipment consists of a Leica model F camera with an f 3.5, 5 cm. lens, a sliding focusing copy attachment with an arm for attaching to an upright, and an illuminating box. While any available view box may be used, we feel that there are distinct advantages in the illuminator which we have designed and are now using. The illuminator is made up of a metal box 18 ½ inches long, 16 ½ inches wide, and 19 inches high with welded seams. On the floor of this is a base board upon which are 12 sockets for electric lights, which are arranged in three rows of four each. The light source consists of twelve 40-watt lamps. A sheet of opal glass is placed 10 inches above the base board for primary diffusion of the light. Between this sheet of glass and the bottom of the box, vents are cut in the sides to eliminate the heat given off by the lamps. A piece of plate glass, frosted on one side, is enclosed with metal strips to form a tray. When assembled this is inserted in grooves 5 ¾ inches above the opal diffusing glass and will hereafter be termed the “sand tray.” The top of the box, on which the films are placed, consists of a second piece of opal glass 2 ½ inches above the sand tray. Hinged to the back of the box is a heavy sheet of plate glass which serves to hold the film flat and in good contact with the opal glass top. The construction of the illuminating box is shown in the diagram (Fig. 1). The metal upright, made from 1 ¼ inch tubing, is fastened to the rear of the box. For convenience, small grooves are cut in the tubing to designate the film-camera distance for the different sized films. For operation, the apparatus is set up as shown in Figure 2. Masks may be made from black fiber cardboard to cut out any undesirable illumination coming from around the sides of the smaller films. For films of average density and light distribution, the sand tray, consisting of the frosted plate glass, may be left in situ and serves to further diffuse the light coming through it. If any particular portion of the film needs accentuation, this may be accomplished by means of the sand tray. In this case the tray is removed from its position and set, with the film in place, on top of the plate glass pressure plate. Copyrighted by The Radiological Society of North America, Inc.
TI - An Improved Method for Making Reproductions from X-ray Films
JF - Radiology
DO - 10.1148/27.3.362
DA - 1936-09-01
UR - https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/radiological-society-of-north-america-inc/an-improved-method-for-making-reproductions-from-x-ray-films-xX1vqoEKxY
SP - 362
VL - 27
IS - 3
DP - DeepDyve
ER -