TY - JOUR AU1 - Paris, Margot AU2 - Tetreau, Guillaume AU3 - Laurent, Fabien AU4 - Lelu, Maud AU5 - Despres, Laurence AU6 - David, Jean‐Philippe AB - BACKGROUND: The simultaneous production of six different toxins by Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti) is thought to delay the evolution of resistance in treated mosquito populations. Recent studies have shown that Bti can persist and proliferate in the environment, thereby imposing continuous selective pressure on mosquito populations, raising concerns about the long‐term effectiveness of this bioinsecticide. In order to evaluate the effect of Bti persistence on the evolution of resistance, the authors selected a laboratory Aedes aegypti L. strain with field‐collected leaf litter containing Bti toxins. RESULTS: It is shown that resistance to each individual Bti toxin (up to 30‐fold) can be obtained after only a few generations of selection. However, the resistance to commercial Bti and to environmental Bti remains low (twofold and 3.4‐fold respectively) in the selected strain. Furthermore, some selected individuals exhibited resistance to Cry4B but not to Cry4A, suggesting that two distinct resistance mechanisms are involved in the resistance to these two toxins. CONCLUSION: Considering that resistance to Cry toxins might act as a first step to resistance to a complete Bti toxin mixture, the present results highlight the importance of testing each toxin individually in order accurately to monitor Bti toxin resistance evolution in field populations. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry TI - Persistence of Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis ( Bti ) in the environment induces resistance to multiple Bti toxins in mosquitoes JF - Pest Management Science DO - 10.1002/ps.2046 DA - 2011-01-01 UR - https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/wiley/persistence-of-bacillus-thuringiensis-israelensis-bti-in-the-rv88ZVrj1x SP - 122 EP - 128 VL - 67 IS - 1 DP - DeepDyve ER -