TY - JOUR
AU - Blackstone, A. W.
AB - Progress in Stereofluoroscopy “Transmission”: T–V Anaglyph Display and Color Cinerecording 1 Herbert M. Stauffer , M.D. , Charles Haas and A. W. Blackstone , E.E. Excerpt In the face of the remarkable apathy of most radiologists the world over to the application of stereoscopy in roentgen diagnosis, we have remained convinced of the ultimate value to be derived from the clinical use of a refined system for stereoscopic fluoroscopy. A few other workers share our convictions, notably Lindblom (2), Webster (3), Potsaid (4), and Sones (5). Our Radiology-Physiology-Medical Physics Research Group demonstrated in 1954 the practicability of Vidicon closed-circuit television display from the first commercially available 5-in. Philips image intensifiers (6). However, the development of a stereoscopic televised fluoroscopy system required rapid handling of alternating images on the output phosphor from the two x-ray tube targets; we, therefore, selected the image Orthicon for this application since its photo-cathode can be pulsed and it is free of the objection-able lag of the Vidicon. In 1962, with Henny (7), we reported the development of a functioning experimental arrangement for stereoscopic fluoroscopy employing two separate x-ray tubes, one 9-in. image intensifier and two separate image Orthicon television chains phased so as to present the right eye images to one monitor and the left images to the other. A Polaroid an-aglyphic display was used. The observer, wearing Polaroid viewing glasses, was restricted to a quite narrow field of view in relation to the monitors. Recent modifications of the system have resulted in a much more compact and practical arrangement. This consists of a twin target stereoscopic tube, the same image intensifier, and a single image Orthicon. The x-ray tube is grid-controlled and the targets are pulsed alternately, each 30 times per second synchronously with the pulses applied to the I.O. The resulting video information from all the images produced by one x-ray tube target is sent to one channel of a color monitor ( i.e. , red) and the video information relating to the images from the other x-ray tube target is reproduced in a second channel on the monitor ( i.e. , green). The alternating color images constitute an anaglyphic display which is stereoscopic when viewed by an observer wearing red and green glasses. The stereo-scopic effect is obtained over a wide angle of view so that a number of observers at varying distances and angles attain useful stereoscopy. Stereoscopic fluoroscopy of test objects and dog angiocardiography has been successfully recorded on high speed 16-mm. Ektachrome-ER film for subsequent projection. This encouraging preliminary study indicates that teaching demonstrations of this sort are immediately practicable while clinical diagnostic film studies await further refinement of the system to provide better contrast and detail.
TI - Progress in Stereofluoroscopy “Transmission”: T–V Anaglyph Display and Color Cinerecording
JF - Radiology
DO - 10.1148/82.1.125
DA - 1964-01-01
UR - https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/radiological-society-of-north-america-inc/progress-in-stereofluoroscopy-transmission-t-v-anaglyph-display-and-pUey03q7za
SP - 125
VL - 82
IS - 1
DP - DeepDyve
ER -