TY - JOUR
AU - Ichiro, Kawachi,
AB - Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/abm/article/38/3/237/4569481 by DeepDyve user on 07 November 2020 ann. behav. med. (2009) 38:237–248 DOI 10.1007/s12160-009-9142-3 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Education and Smoking: Confounding or Effect Modification by Phenotypic Personality Traits? Benjamin Chapman, Ph.D. & Kevin Fiscella, M.D., M.P.H. & Paul Duberstein, Ph.D. & Ichiro Kawachi, M.D., Ph.D. Published online: 5 January 2010 The Society of Behavioral Medicine 2009 Abstract smokers. Multinomial logistic regressions examined study Background Little is known about whether educational questions. gradients in smoking patterns can be explained by financial Results Greater education was strongly associated with measures of socioeconomic status (SES) and/or personality both never and former smoking, with no confounding by traits. financial status and personality. Never smoking was Purpose To assess whether the relationship of education to associated with lower Openness and higher Conscientious- (1) never smoking and (2) having quit smoking would be ness, while have quit was associated with higher Neuroticism. confounded by financial measures of SES or by personality; Education interacted additively with Conscientiousness to whether lower Neuroticism and higher Conscientiousness increase and with Openness to decrease the probability of would be associated with having abstained from or quit never smoking. smoking; and whether education effects were modified by Conclusions Education 
TI - Education and Smoking: Confounding or Effect Modification by Phenotypic Personality Traits?
JO - Annals of Behavioral Medicine
DO - 10.1007/s12160-009-9142-3
DA - 2009-12-01
UR - https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/springer-journals/education-and-smoking-confounding-or-effect-modification-by-phenotypic-iwzR7AfFbI
SP - 237
EP - 248
VL - 38
IS - 3
DP - DeepDyve
ER -