TY - JOUR
AU - Hashimoto, Takashi
AB - ▪ Abstract β-Oxidation occurs in both mitochondria and peroxisomes. Mitochondria catalyze the β-oxidation of the bulk of short-, medium-, and long-chain fatty acids derived from diet, and this pathway constitutes the major process by which fatty acids are oxidized to generate energy. Peroxisomes are involved in the β-oxidation chain shortening of long-chain and very-long-chain fatty acyl-coenzyme (CoAs), long-chain dicarboxylyl-CoAs, the CoA esters of eicosanoids, 2-methyl-branched fatty acyl-CoAs, and the CoA esters of the bile acid intermediates di- and trihydroxycoprostanoic acids, and in the process they generate H 2 O 2 . Long-chain and very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) are also metabolized by the cytochrome P450 CYP4A ω-oxidation system to dicarboxylic acids that serve as substrates for peroxisomal β-oxidation. The peroxisomal β-oxidation system consists of ( a ) a classical peroxisome proliferator–inducible pathway capable of catalyzing straight-chain acyl-CoAs by fatty acyl-CoA oxidase, L -bifunctional protein, and thiolase, and ( b ) a second noninducible pathway catalyzing the oxidation of 2-methyl-branched fatty acyl-CoAs by branched-chain acyl-CoA oxidase (pristanoyl-CoA oxidase/trihydroxycoprostanoyl-CoA oxidase), D -bifunctional protein, and sterol carrier protein (SCP)x. The genes encoding the classical β-oxidation pathway in liver are transcriptionally regulated by peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor α (PPARα). Evidence derived from mice deficient in PPARα, peroxisomal fatty acyl-CoA oxidase, and some of the other enzymes of the two peroxisomal β-oxidation pathways points to the critical importance of PPARα and of the classical peroxisomal fatty acyl-CoA oxidase in energy metabolism, and in the development of hepatic steatosis, steatohepatitis, and liver cancer.
TI - P EROXISOMAL β-O XIDATION AND P EROXISOME P ROLIFERATOR –A CTIVATED R ECEPTOR α: An Adaptive Metabolic System
JO - Annual Review of Nutrition
DO - 10.1146/annurev.nutr.21.1.193
DA - 2001-07-01
UR - https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/annual-reviews/p-eroxisomal-o-xidation-and-p-eroxisome-p-roliferator-a-ctivated-r-gNZnFme88O
SP - 193
EP - 230
VL - 21
IS - 1
DP - DeepDyve
ER -