TY - JOUR
AU - Fisher, Donald L.
AB - From previous experiments, it is known that control must be transferred to thedriver in a Level 3 vehicle at least 8 s before the driver passes a latenthazard for the driver to be as aware of the latent hazard as the driver is whenglancing continuously on the forward roadway. In these experiments, the drivingenvironment remained consistent throughout the time the automated driving suite(ADS) was engaged, and immediately after control was transferred to the driver.Considering that drivers expect different categories of hazards in differentdriving environments, a transition to a different environment while the ADS isengaged may impair a driver’s ability to both achieve situation awarenessand successfully mitigate hazards. The current experiment examined if 8 s wasenough time for drivers to achieve situation awareness and appropriatelymitigate hazards when the roadway environment changes while the driver isengaged in a secondary activity that takes his or her eyes away from the forwardroadway. Drivers’ eye movements and vehicle metrics were recorded as theycompleted one of three conditions in a driving simulator: an automationcondition where the driving environment remained consistent throughout; anautomation condition that contained some transitions to a new environment whilethe driver engaged the ADS; and a manual driving condition that also containedthe same transitions as the latter automation condition. Results suggest thateven 8 s is not enough time for drivers to achieve situation awareness andmitigate hazards when the hazards are unexpected.
TI - Effects of a Change in Environment on the Minimum Time to Situation Awareness in Transfer of Control Scenarios
JF - Transportation Research Record
DO - 10.3141/2663-16
DA - 2017-01-01
UR - https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/sage/effects-of-a-change-in-environment-on-the-minimum-time-to-situation-Xx84TLqUwG
SP - 126
EP - 133
VL - 2663
IS - 1
DP - DeepDyve
ER -