TY - JOUR
AU - McClellan, Max E.
AB - Abstract The audiometric management of collapsible ear canals was investigated by performing pure-tone audiometry under six conditions with 12 subjects having normal hearing and normal ear canals and 12 subjects with collapsible ear canals. Sound-field audiometry provided valid and reliable threshold estimates. With appropriate calibration, a circumaural earphone assembly provided valid and reliable results between 125 and 3,000 hertz but produced large intersubject differences above 3,000 Hz. A hand-held supra-aural earphone was effective above 1,000 Hz but grossly unreliable below 1,500 Hz. A small ear insert was relatively ineffective in neutralizing the effects of collapsible ear canals. It was concluded that sound-field audiometry or a circumaural earphone are useful for assessing patients with collapsible ear canals and that earmolds, ear inserts, or polyethylene tubing are inappropriate solutions to the problem. References 1. Ventry IM, Chaiklin JB, Boyle WF: Collapse of the ear canal during audiometry . Arch Otolaryng 73:727-731, 1961.Crossref 2. Hildyard VH, Valentine MA: Collapse of the ear canal during audiometry: A further report . Arch Otolaryng 75:422-423, 1962.Crossref 3. Creston JE: Collapse of the ear canal during routine audiometry . J Laryng 79:893-901, 1965.Crossref 4. Chandler JR: Partial occlusion of the external auditory meatus: Its effect upon air and bone conduction hearing acuity . Laryngoscope 74:22-54, 1964.Crossref 5. Creston JE, Tice RE: Collapse of the ear canal during audiometry: Observation in siblings . Arch Otolaryng 79:389-392, 1964.Crossref 6. Ross M, Tucker CA: A case study of collapse of the ear canal during audiometry . Laryngoscope 75:65-67, 1965.Crossref 7. Smith CR: Collapsing ear canals (LTE) . J Speech Hearing Res 9:317, 1966. 8. Stark EW: Collapse of the ear canal during audiometry: A case report . J Speech Hearing Dis 31:374-376, 1966. 9. Rupp RR, Milinsky L, Jackson P: The identification and resolution of audiometrically induced hearing loss due to collapsed canals. Read before the convention of the American Speech and Hearing Association, 1968. 10. Juers AL: Pure tone-speech hearing discrepancy . Eye Ear Nose Throat Monthly 48:28-31, 1969. 11. Lynn GE: Effects of collapsed auditory canals during audiometry . Maico Audiological Library Series , report 8, 1969. 12. Shaw EAG: Earcanal pressure generated by a free sound field . J Acoust Soc Amer 39:465-470, 1966.Crossref 13. Teranishi R, Shaw EAG: External-ear acoustic models with simple geometry . J Acoust Soc Amer 44:257-263, 1968.Crossref 14. Bauer BB, Allan JR, Abbagnaro LA: External-ear replica for acoustical testing . J Acoust Soc Amer 42:204-207, 1967.Crossref 15. Erber NP: Variables that influence sound pressures generated in the ear canal by an audiometric earphone . J Acoust Soc Amer 44:555-562, 1968.Crossref 16. Villchur E: Free-field calibration of earphones . J Acoust Soc Amer 46:1527-1534, 1969.Crossref 17. Berland O, Nielsen E: Sound pressure generated in the human external ear by a free sound field . Audecibel 18:103-109, 1969. 18. Carhart R, Jerger JF: Preferred method for clinical determination of pure-tone thresholds . J Speech Hearing Dis 24:330-345, 1959. 19. Chaiklin JB, Ventry IM: Spondee threshold measurement: A comparison of 2- and 5-dB methods . J Speech Hearing Dis 29:47-59, 1964. 20. Jerger JF, Tillman TW: Effect of earphone cushion on auditory threshold (LTE) . J Acoust Soc Amer 31:1264, 1959.Crossref 21. Benson RW, Charan KK, Day JW, et al: Limitations on the use of circumaural earphones (LTE) . J Acoust Soc Amer 41:713-714, 1967.Crossref 22. Harris JE: The Use of Circumaural Earphones in Audiometry . Report No. 540, Groton, Conn, US Naval Submarine Center, (July 15) , 1968, pp 1-13. 23. Atherley GRC, Lord P, Walker JG: Basis for the design of a circumaural earphone suitable for MAP determinations . J Acoust Soc Amer 40:607-613, 1966.Crossref 24. Atherley GRC, Hempstock TI, Lord P, et al: Reliability of auditory threshold determinations using a circumaural-earphone assembly . J Acoust Soc Amer 42:199-203, 1967.Crossref 25. Shaw EAG: Earcanal pressure generated by circumaural and supra-aural earphones . J Acoust Soc Amer 39:471-479, 1966.Crossref 26. Lynn GE: A test to detect collapse of the external ear canal during audiometry . J Speech Hearing Dis 32:273-274, 1967. 27. Atherley GRC, Dingewall-Fordyce I: The reliability of repeated auditory threshold determination . Brit J Industr Med 20:231-235, 1963. 28. Atherley GRC, Lord P: A preliminary study of the effect of earphone position on the reliability of repeated auditory threshold determination . Int Audiology 4:161-166, 1965.Crossref
TI - Audiometric Management of Collapsible Ear Canals
JF - Archives of Otolaryngology
DO - 10.1001/archotol.1971.00770060589008
DA - 1971-04-01
UR - https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/american-medical-association/audiometric-management-of-collapsible-ear-canals-MMuFtmekQ1
SP - 397
EP - 407
VL - 93
IS - 4
DP - DeepDyve
ER -