TY - JOUR
AU - Akbar, Muhammad
AB - Food security and its determinants are being targeted at various levels, i.e., individual, household, national, and regional levels. Our study contributes by two ways. First, it explores the role of political risk indicators along with other important factors in the food security of 35 Asian countries. Second, spatial effects are also considered while determining the factors affecting food security at the regional level. Spatial panel models are estimated using panel data of 35 countries ranging from 2000 to 2018. The significance of spatial effects is established by employing various diagnostic tests, and hence, direct effects and spatial effects are estimated using Spatial Durbin Model to analyze the phenomenon. Empirical results of the study show that rising political risk indicators as well as environmental degradation adversely affect the food security of the country. These adverse effects expand spatially to neighboring countries of the given affected country. Hence, the goal of food security urges UNO to devise an effective strategy to decrease the political risk, improve institutional quality, settle external and internal conflicts, and create religious and ethnic harmony in the affected countries of Asia. These efforts may focus on food security, health, education, and economic development at the regional level. Moreover, clean and sustainable environment must be part of all efforts to achieve food security at the global level. Spatial effects of environmental degradation indicate that the countries which are polluting the environment are adversely affecting food security at the regional level. Positive direct effects and negative spatial effects of trade openness point out the zero-sum game of the countries and hence, food insecure countries might be careful while adopting trade openness policy. Besides, strategies to control high population growth in Asia and economic growth are suggested to achieve food security in Asia. The results are useful for academia, policymakers, and international donor agencies alike.
TI - A Spatial Panel Analysis of Food Security and Political Risk in Asian Countries
JF - Social Indicators Research
DO - 10.1007/s11205-021-02821-5
DA - 2022-05-01
UR - https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/springer-journals/a-spatial-panel-analysis-of-food-security-and-political-risk-in-asian-Ls4N0xGa7W
SP - 345
EP - 378
VL - 161
IS - 1
DP - DeepDyve
ER -