TY - JOUR AU - ITOH, Makoto AB - Abstract It has been demonstrated that the composition of molecular species of adipose tissue triacylglycerols (TGs) from farm animals are not equally synthesized and that some molecular species are preferentially synthesized. The objective of the present study was to determine whether exogenous fatty acids (FAs) would affect the TG composition. To this end, the composition of TG molecular species stored in porcine adipocytes differentiated with several long-chain FAs was analyzed by gas chromatography. The addition of each FA for 6 d increased TG molecular species having two or three added FAs. However, the molecular species compositions at 15 d after the addition of each FA resembled those of cells with no added FAs. Moreover, some common molecular species in all experimental cells increased, as well as cells with no added FAs. It was concluded that the addition of FAs increases the contents of specific molecular species, but does not affect the synthetic processes of individual TG molecular species. pig, adipocyte, molecular species, triacylglycerol, fatty acids Reference 1) Petrón, M. J., Muriel, E., Timón, M. L., and Antequera, T., Fatty acids and triacylglycerols profiles from different types of Iberian dry-cured hams. Meat Sci., 68, 71–77 (2004). 2) Yang, A., Larsen, T. W., Powell, V. H., and Tume, R. K., A comparison of fat composition of Japanese and long-term grain-fed Australian steers. Meat Sci., 51, 1–9 (1999). 3) Kobayashi, M., and Shoji, N., Chemical characteristics and palatability of molecular species of triacylglycerol obtained from Japanese Black cattle body fat. Nihon Chikusan Gakkaiho (in Japanese), 77, 521–527 (2006). 4) Waldman, R. C., Suess, G. C., and Brungardt, V. H., Fatty acids of certain bovine tissue and their association with growth, carcass and palatability traits. J. Anim. Sci., 27, 632–635 (1968). 5) Wood, J. D., Richardson, R. I., Nute, G. R., Fisher, A. V., Campo, M. M., Kasapidou, E., Sheared, P. R., and Enser, M., Effects of fatty acids on meat quality: a review. Meat Sci., 66, 21–32 (2004). 6) Fontecha, J., Goudjil, H., Ríos, J. J., Fraga, M. J., and Juárez, M., Identity of the major triacylglycerols in ovine milk fat. Int. Dairy J., 15, 1217–1224 (2005). 7) Suzuki, S., Ishikawa, S., Arihara, K., and Itoh, M., Changes in molecular species composition of triacylglycerol in subcutaneous fat from beef cattle during fattening. Anim. Sci. J., 78, 293–300 (2007). 8) Pillai, M. G., Ahmad, A., Yokochi, T., Nakahara, T., and Kamisaka, Y., Biosynthesis of triacylglycerol molecular species in an oleaginous fungus, Mortierella ramanniana var. angulispora. J. Biochem., 132, 121–126 (2002). 9) Jaakola, S., Vahvaselkä, M., and Laakso, S., Positional distribution of conjugated linoleic acid in triacylglycerol of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J. Agric. Food Chem., 54, 5611–5616 (2006). 10) Body, D. R., The lipid composition of adipose tissue. Prog. Lipid Res., 27, 39–60 (1988). 11) Brockerhoff, H., Hoyle, R. J., and Wolmark, N., Positional distribution of fatty acids in triglycerides of animal depot fats. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 116, 67–72 (1966). 12) Otten, W., Wirth, C., Iaizzo, P. A., and Eichinger, H. M., A high omega 3 fatty acid diet alters fatty acid composition of heart, liver, kidney, adipose tissue and skeletal muscle in swine. Ann. Nutr. Metab., 37, 134–141 (1993). 13) Eder, K., Nonn, H., and Kluge, H., The fatty acid composition of lipids from muscle and adipose tissues of pigs fed various oil mixtures differing in their ratio between oleic acid and linoleic acid. Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol., 103, 668–676 (2001). 14) Christie, W. W., Hunter, M. L., and Vernon, R. G., Turnover of triacylglycerols in rat adipose tissue maintained in culture. Int. J. Biochem., 10, 517–521 (1979). 15) Guo, W., Choi, J. K., Kirkland, J. L., Corkey, B. E., and Hamilton, J. A., Incorporation of [1-13C]oleate into cellular triglycerides in differentiating 3T3L1 cells. Lipids, 34, 825–831 (1999). 16) Steinberg, D., and Vaughan, M., Release of free fatty acids in vitro in relation of rates of triglyceride synthesis and degradation. In “Handbook of Physiology, Section 5,” eds. Renold, A. E., and Cahill, G. F., Jr., American Physiological Society, Bethesda, pp. 335–348 (1965). 17) McNeel, R. L., and Mersmann, H. J., Effects of isomers of conjugated linoleic acid on porcine adipocyte growth and differentiation. J. Nutr. Biochem., 14, 266–274 (2003). 18) McNeel, R. L., Ding, S. T., Smith, E. O., and Mersmann, H. J., Expression of porcine adipocyte transcripts during differentiation in vitro and in vivo. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 126, 291–302 (2000). 19) Nakajima, I., Muroya, S., and Chikuni, K., Growth arrest by octanoate is required for porcine preadipocyte differentiation. Biochem. Biophy. Res. Commun., 309, 702–708 (2003). 20) Raclot, T., Langin, D., Lafontan, M., and Groscolas, R., Selective release of human adipocyte fatty acids according to molecular structure. Biochem. J., 324, 911–915 (1997). 21) Raclot, T., and Groscolas, R., Differential mobilization of white adipose tissue fatty acids according to chain length, unsaturation, and positional isomerism. J. Lipid Res., 34, 1515–1526 (1993). 22) Murata, T., and Takahashi, S., Analysis of triglyceride mixtures by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Anal. Chem., 45, 1816–1823 (1973). 23) Barber, M., and Merren, T. O., The mass spectrometry of large molecules. I. The triglycerides of straight chain fatty acids. Tetrahedron Lett., 18, 1063–1067 (1964). 24) Tamura, S., Ishima, T., Osawa, F., and Toshikawa, S., Analysis of international food consumption pattern by the calculation method about pattern of nimerics. J. Jan. Soc. Nutr. Food Sci., 22, 560–569 (1969). 25) Ramsay, T. G., Fat cells. Obesity, 25, 847–870 (1996). 26) Ding, S. T., Wang, J. C., and Mersmann, H. J., Effect of unsaturated fatty acids on porcine adipocyte differentiation. Nutr. Res., 14, 1059–1069 (2003). 27) Rosen, O. M., Smith, C. J., Hirsch, A., Lai, E., and Rubin, C. S., Recent studies of the 3T3-L1 adipocyte-like cell line. Recent Prog. Horm. Res., 35, 477–499 (1979). 28) Christie, W. W., and Vernon, R. G., The positional distribution of fatty acids incorporated into triacylglycerols by rat adipose tissue slices in vitro. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 66, 243–249 (1975). 29) Deeth, H. C., and Christie, W. W., Biosynthesis of triacylglycerols in ovine adipose tissue in vitro. Int. J. Biochem., 10, 577–582 (1979). 30) Henderson, R. J., Christie, W. W., and Moore, J. H., Positional distribution of exogenous and endogenous fatty acids in triacylglycerols formed by rat adipocytes in vitro. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 574, 8–17 (1979). 31) Nelson, G. J., Kelley, D. S., Schmidt, P. C., and Serrato, C. M., The influence of dietary fat on the lipogenic activity and fatty acid composition of rat white adipose tissue. Lipids, 22, 338–344 (1987). 32) Casey, W. M., Rolph, C. E., Tomeo, M. E., and Parks, L. W., Effects of unsaturated fatty acid supplementation on phospholipid and triacylglycerol biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 193, 1297–1303 (1993). 33) Forest, C., Doglio, A., Ricquier, D., and Aihaud, G., A preadipocyte clonal line from mouse brown adipose tissue: short- and long-term responses to insulin and β-adrenergics. Exp. Cell Res., 168, 218–232 (1987). 34) Abumrad, N. A., Forest, C. C., Regen, D. M., and Sanders, S., Increase in membrane uptake of long-chain fatty acids early during preadipocyte differentiation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 88, 6008–6012 (1991). 35) Coleman, R. A., Reed, B. C., Mackall, J. C., Student, A. K., Lane, M. D., and Bell, R. M., Selective changes in microsomal enzymes of triacylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthesis during differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. J. Biol. Chem., 253, 7256–7261 (1978). PDF This content is only available as a PDF. © Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry 2008 This article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model (https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model) © Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry 2008 TI - Continuous Changes in Triacylglycerol Molecular Species Composition by Fatty Acids in Porcine Adipocytes JO - Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry DO - 10.1271/bbb.70674 DA - 2008-05-23 UR - https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/oxford-university-press/continuous-changes-in-triacylglycerol-molecular-species-composition-by-7hEhPlyL8f SP - 1212 EP - 1218 VL - 72 IS - 5 DP - DeepDyve ER -