TY - JOUR
AU1 - Pohle, Ernst A.
AB - Limit Exposure in Radiography Ernst A. Pohle , M.D. , Associate Professor of Roentgenology University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan Excerpt THE last few years have brought us important developments of measuring apparatus and measuring methods, the intelligent application of which enables the roentgenologist to reproduce a certain dose in X-ray therapy. Physical ( e -unit, roentgen unit) and biological (erythema dose, skin unit dose) units have been introduced and are generally accepted, to express the amount of roentgen energy applied to the human skin. Very little use has been made of these factors in the diagnostic branch of roentgenology, although there is no doubt regarding the necessity of establishing some definite idea of the tolerance dose of roentgen energy as delivered by the diagnostic apparatus and tubes in operation to-day. The fact that there are cases reaching the courts every year claiming damage for an alleged overdose received in connection with a roentgen-ray examination warrants this investigation. It is well known that the majority of such patients have been subjected to a fluoroscopic examination, either for the removal of a foreign body or the examination of some fracture difficult of reduction. Sometimes cases of too frequently repeated gastro-intestinal examinations appear also in this group. A recent survey, in Germany, by Groedel, Liniger, and Lossen (1), of 82 roentgen-ray injuries which came to trial and of which 21 belonged to the diagnostic group, emphasizes again the importance of our problem. Following the suggestion of the Editor of this Journal, an outline of the present status of “dosimetry in diagnostic roentgenology” will be given. The roentgenologist who is searching through the text-books for some advice will not find very much information on this subject. All authors (2) agree that a filter of one millimeter thickness should be used, as a rule, in all diagnostic work. It is also essential to ask the patient if a diagnostic examination of the same part of the body has been done during the last three weeks, or an X-ray treatment given to the same area (3). Six rules are given by Lorey (4). Nobody should make an attempt to use a fluoroscope unless he has had adequate training in roentgenology. If the patient has been fluoroscoped within the last two or three weeks, no examination should be done. Every patient who has taken iodin, bromid, or salvarsan recently should be handled with great care; an aluminum filter of from one-half to one millimeter thickness has to be inserted between the tube and the patient; the tube holder and screen should be so arranged that a minimum focal skin distance is always assured, and this should be at least 60 centimeters (24 inches). The milliamperage must be controlled during the roentgenoscopic examination. Witherbee and Remer (5) offer in their booklet a number of formulæ for the calculation of the dose in superficial therapy, including a very simple procedure which is said to enable the roentgenologist to figure out the tolerance of the skin in diagnostic work. Copyrighted by the Radiological Society of North America
TI - Limit Exposure in Radiography
JF - Radiology
DO - 10.1148/9.1.65
DA - 1927-07-01
UR - https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/radiological-society-of-north-america-inc/limit-exposure-in-radiography-4BjCcGSMmZ
SP - 65
VL - 9
IS - 1
DP - DeepDyve
ER -