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Sodium MR Neuroimaging

Sodium MR Neuroimaging REVIEW ARTICLE A. Hagiwara, M. Bydder, T.C. Oughourlian, J. Yao, N. Salamon, R. Jahan, J.P. Villablanca, D.R. Enzmann, and B.M. Ellingson ABSTRACT SUMMARY: Sodium MR imaging has the potential to complement routine proton MR imaging examinations with the goal of improving diagnosis, disease characterization, and clinical monitoring in neurologic diseases. In the past, the utility and exploration of sodium MR imaging as a valuable clinical tool have been limited due to the extremely low MR signal, but with recent improve- ments in imaging techniques and hardware, sodium MR imaging is on the verge of becoming clinically realistic for conditions that include brain tumors, ischemic stroke, and epilepsy. In this review, we briefly describe the fundamental physics of sodium MR imag- ing tailored to the neuroradiologist, focusing on the basics necessary to understand factors that play into making sodium MR imag- ing feasible for clinical settings and describing current controversies in the field. We will also discuss the current state of the field and the potential future clinical uses of sodium MR imaging in the diagnosis, phenotyping, and therapeutic monitoring in neurologic diseases. ABBREVIATIONS: ESC ¼ extracellular sodium concentration; IDH ¼ isocitrate dehydrogenase; ISC ¼ intracellular sodium concentration; NHE1 ¼ http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png American Journal of Neuroradiology American Journal of Neuroradiology

Sodium MR Neuroimaging

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Publisher
American Journal of Neuroradiology
Copyright
© 2021 by American Journal of Neuroradiology
ISSN
0195-6108
eISSN
1936-959X
DOI
10.3174/ajnr.A7261
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

REVIEW ARTICLE A. Hagiwara, M. Bydder, T.C. Oughourlian, J. Yao, N. Salamon, R. Jahan, J.P. Villablanca, D.R. Enzmann, and B.M. Ellingson ABSTRACT SUMMARY: Sodium MR imaging has the potential to complement routine proton MR imaging examinations with the goal of improving diagnosis, disease characterization, and clinical monitoring in neurologic diseases. In the past, the utility and exploration of sodium MR imaging as a valuable clinical tool have been limited due to the extremely low MR signal, but with recent improve- ments in imaging techniques and hardware, sodium MR imaging is on the verge of becoming clinically realistic for conditions that include brain tumors, ischemic stroke, and epilepsy. In this review, we briefly describe the fundamental physics of sodium MR imag- ing tailored to the neuroradiologist, focusing on the basics necessary to understand factors that play into making sodium MR imag- ing feasible for clinical settings and describing current controversies in the field. We will also discuss the current state of the field and the potential future clinical uses of sodium MR imaging in the diagnosis, phenotyping, and therapeutic monitoring in neurologic diseases. ABBREVIATIONS: ESC ¼ extracellular sodium concentration; IDH ¼ isocitrate dehydrogenase; ISC ¼ intracellular sodium concentration; NHE1 ¼

Journal

American Journal of Neuroradiology – American Journal of Neuroradiology

Published: Nov 1, 2021

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