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Effects of Age and Gender on White Matter Integrity

Effects of Age and Gender on White Matter Integrity BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: DTI provides a sensitive measure of change in the microstructure of white matter integrity. The purpose of our study was to investigate age-related changes, sex differences, and age-by-sex interactions in white matter integrity (FA, AD, and RD) across the whole brain with a large sample. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 857 healthy subjects (mean age = 56.1 ± 9.9 years; age range = 24.9–84.8 years) were included in this study. All subjects were scanned at 3T. With use of TBSS, we examined the effects of age and sex on FA, AD, and RD in the white matter. RESULTS: Global FA was negatively correlated with age ( R 2 = 0.18, P < .0001), and global AD and RD were positively correlated with age (AD: R 2 = 0.02, P < .0001; RD: R 2 = 0.19, P < .0001). The correlation between age and global AD, however, was weak. Voxelwise analysis revealed a number of regions where FA was negatively correlated with age, with most of these regions showing a significant positive correlation between RD and age. There was a significant age-related FA increase in several white matter regions. Voxelwise analysis also revealed many regions where FA, AD, or RD differed between men and women; however, no region showed a significant interaction between age and sex. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that age-related changes in white matter integrity are more strongly associated with myelin sheath degeneration than with axonal degeneration, and that, in some specific regions, the number of remyelinated axons might increase with age. Our results also suggest that there are no sex differences in the aging process of the white matter. ABBREVIATIONS AD axial diffusivity ANCOVA analysis of covariance ASSET array spatial sensitivity encoding technique BET Brain Extraction Tool FA fractional anisotropy FDT FMRIB's Diffusion Toolbox FNIRT FMRIB's nonlinear registration tool FSL FMRIB Software Library FWE family-wise error MD mean diffusivity MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination MNI Montreal Neurological Institute RD radial diffusivity TBSS tract-based spatial statistics http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png American Journal of Neuroradiology American Journal of Neuroradiology

Effects of Age and Gender on White Matter Integrity

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References (50)

Publisher
American Journal of Neuroradiology
Copyright
Copyright © 2011 by the American Society of Neuroradiology.
ISSN
0195-6108
eISSN
1936-959X
DOI
10.3174/ajnr.A2785
pmid
21998104
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: DTI provides a sensitive measure of change in the microstructure of white matter integrity. The purpose of our study was to investigate age-related changes, sex differences, and age-by-sex interactions in white matter integrity (FA, AD, and RD) across the whole brain with a large sample. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 857 healthy subjects (mean age = 56.1 ± 9.9 years; age range = 24.9–84.8 years) were included in this study. All subjects were scanned at 3T. With use of TBSS, we examined the effects of age and sex on FA, AD, and RD in the white matter. RESULTS: Global FA was negatively correlated with age ( R 2 = 0.18, P < .0001), and global AD and RD were positively correlated with age (AD: R 2 = 0.02, P < .0001; RD: R 2 = 0.19, P < .0001). The correlation between age and global AD, however, was weak. Voxelwise analysis revealed a number of regions where FA was negatively correlated with age, with most of these regions showing a significant positive correlation between RD and age. There was a significant age-related FA increase in several white matter regions. Voxelwise analysis also revealed many regions where FA, AD, or RD differed between men and women; however, no region showed a significant interaction between age and sex. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that age-related changes in white matter integrity are more strongly associated with myelin sheath degeneration than with axonal degeneration, and that, in some specific regions, the number of remyelinated axons might increase with age. Our results also suggest that there are no sex differences in the aging process of the white matter. ABBREVIATIONS AD axial diffusivity ANCOVA analysis of covariance ASSET array spatial sensitivity encoding technique BET Brain Extraction Tool FA fractional anisotropy FDT FMRIB's Diffusion Toolbox FNIRT FMRIB's nonlinear registration tool FSL FMRIB Software Library FWE family-wise error MD mean diffusivity MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination MNI Montreal Neurological Institute RD radial diffusivity TBSS tract-based spatial statistics

Journal

American Journal of NeuroradiologyAmerican Journal of Neuroradiology

Published: Dec 1, 2011

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