Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
J. Ford, D. Hackney (1997)
Numerical model for calculation of apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) in permeable cylinders—comparison with measured ADC in spinal cord white matterMagnetic Resonance in Medicine, 37
H. Mamata, F. Jolesz, S. Maier (2005)
Apparent diffusion coefficient and fractional anisotropy in spinal cord: Age and cervical spondylosis–related changesJournal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 22
J. Piepmeier, N. Jenkins (1988)
Late neurological changes following traumatic spinal cord injury.Journal of neurosurgery, 69 3
G. Scivoletto, Y. Ivanenko, B. Morganti, R. Grasso, Mirka Zago, F. Lacquaniti, J. Ditunno, M. Molinari (2007)
Review Article: Plasticity of Spinal Centers in Spinal Cord Injury Patients: New Concepts for Gait Evaluation and TrainingNeurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, 21
Takui Ito, K. Oyanagi, K. Wakabayashi, F. Ikuta (1996)
Traumatic spinal cord injury: a neuropathological study on the longitudinal spreading of the lesionsActa Neuropathologica, 93
U. Nevo, U. Nevo, E. Hauben, E. Yoles, Eugenia Agranov, Solange Akselrod, Michael Schwartz, Michal Neeman (2001)
Diffusion anisotropy MRI for quantitative assessment of recovery in injured rat spinal cordMagnetic Resonance in Medicine, 45
C. Koay, J. Carew, A. Alexander, P. Basser, M. Meyerand (2006)
Investigation of anomalous estimates of tensor‐derived quantities in diffusion tensor imagingMagnetic Resonance in Medicine, 55
M. Cercignani, M. Horsfield, F. Agosta, M. Filippi (2003)
Sensitivity-encoded diffusion tensor MR imaging of the cervical cord.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology, 24 6
A. Blight, V. Decrescito (1986)
Morphometric analysis of experimental spinal cord injury in the cat: The relation of injury intensity to survival of myelinated axonsNeuroscience, 19
Derek Jones, M. Horsfield, A. Simmons (1999)
Optimal strategies for measuring diffusion in anisotropic systems by magnetic resonance imagingMagnetic Resonance in Medicine, 42
M. Fraidakis, T. Klason, Henrich Cheng, L. Olson, C. Spenger (1998)
High-Resolution MRI of Intact and Transected Rat Spinal CordExperimental Neurology, 153
C. DeBoy, Jiangyang Zhang, S. Dike, I. Shats, M. Jones, D. Reich, S. Mori, Thien Nguyen, B. Rothstein, Robert Miller, J. Griffin, D. Kerr, P. Calabresi (2007)
High resolution diffusion tensor imaging of axonal damage in focal inflammatory and demyelinating lesions in rat spinal cord.Brain : a journal of neurology, 130 Pt 8
Ayhan Demir, M. Ries, C. Moonen, J. Vital, J. Dehais, P. Arné, J. Caillé, V. Dousset (2003)
Diffusion-weighted MR imaging with apparent diffusion coefficient and apparent diffusion tensor maps in cervical spondylotic myelopathy.Radiology, 229 1
Kensuke Nagayoshi, Shojiro Kimura, Makoto Ochi, Kuniaki Hayashi, Tomoaki Okimoto, T. Wakebe, K. Saiki (2000)
Diffusion-weighted echo planar imaging of the normal human cervical spinal cord.Journal of computer assisted tomography, 24 3
E. Schwartz, C. Chin, J. Shumsky, A. Jawad, B. Brown, Suzanne Wehrli, A. Tessler, M. Murray, D. Hackney (2005)
Apparent diffusion coefficients in spinal cord transplants and surrounding white matter correlate with degree of axonal dieback after injury in rats.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology, 26 1
R. Bammer, A. Herneth, S. Maier, K. Butts, R. Prokesch, H. Do, S. Atlas, M. Moseley (2003)
Line scan diffusion imaging of the spine.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology, 24 1
E. Schwartz, J. Shumsky, Suzanne Wehrli, A. Tessler, M. Murray, D. Hackney (2003)
Ex vivo MR determined apparent diffusion coefficients correlate with motor recovery mediated by intraspinal transplants of fibroblasts genetically modified to express BDNFExperimental Neurology, 182
Minodora Totoiu, H. Keirstead (2005)
Spinal cord injury is accompanied by chronic progressive demyelinationJournal of Comparative Neurology, 486
C. Pierpaoli, P. Basser (1996)
Toward a quantitative assessment of diffusion anisotropyMagnetic Resonance in Medicine, 36
A. Poonawalla, Xiaohong Zhou (2004)
Analytical error propagation in diffusion anisotropy calculationsJournal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 19
K. Potter, A. Saifuddin (2003)
MRI of chronic spinal cord injuryBritish Journal of Radiology, 76
T. Sagiuchi, S. Tachibana, Masataka Endo, K. Hayakawa (2002)
Diffusion-weighted MRI of the cervical cord in acute spinal cord injury with type II odontoid fracture.Journal of computer assisted tomography, 26 4
E. Nightingale, J. Raymond, J. Middleton, J. Crosbie, G. Davis (2007)
Benefits of FES gait in a spinal cord injured populationSpinal Cord, 45
L. Marshall, S. Knowlton, S. Garfin, M. Klauber, H. Eisenberg, D. Kopaniky, M. Miner, K. Tabbador, G. Clifton (1987)
Deterioration following spinal cord injury. A multicenter study.Journal of neurosurgery, 66 3
W. Blakemore (1974)
Pattern of remyelination in the CNSNature, 249
D. Facon, A. Ozanne, P. Fillard, J. Lepeintre, C. Tournoux-Facon, D. Ducreux (2005)
MR diffusion tensor imaging and fiber tracking in spinal cord compression.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology, 26 6
S. Waxman (1989)
Demyelination in spinal cord injuryJournal of the Neurological Sciences, 91
(2001)
Diffusion MR Studies Characterize Axonal Degeneration and Dieback in the Injured Larval Sea Lamprey Spinal Cord
T. Reese, O. Heid, R. Weisskoff, V. Wedeen (2003)
Reduction of eddy‐current‐induced distortion in diffusion MRI using a twice‐refocused spin echoMagnetic Resonance in Medicine, 49
K. Shanmuganathan, R. Gullapalli, J. Zhuo, S. Mirvis (2008)
Diffusion Tensor MR Imaging in Cervical Spine TraumaAmerican Journal of Neuroradiology, 29
R. Bammer, R. Stollberger, M. Augustin, Josef Simbrunner, H. Offenbacher, H. Kooijman, S. Ropele, P. Kapeller, P. Wach, Franz Ebner, F. Fazekas (1999)
Diffusion-weighted imaging with navigated interleaved echo-planar imaging and a conventional gradient system.Radiology, 211 3
B. Harrison, W. Mcdonald (1977)
Remyelination after transient experimental compression of the spinal cordAnnals of Neurology, 1
P. Schwenkreis, C. Maier, M. Tegenthoff (2009)
Functional Imaging of Central Nervous System Involvement in Complex Regional Pain SyndromeAmerican Journal of Neuroradiology, 30
B. Ellingson, J. Ulmer, B. Schmit (2008)
Morphology and Morphometry of Human Chronic Spinal Cord Injury Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Fuzzy LogicAnnals of Biomedical Engineering, 36
R. Bammer, F. Fazekas, M. Augustin, Josef Simbrunner, S. Strasser‐Fuchs, T. Seifert, R. Stollberger, Hans-Peter Hartung (2000)
Diffusion-weighted MR imaging of the spinal cord.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology, 21 3
T. Sagiuchi, H. Iida, S. Tachibana, M. Kusumi, S. Kan, K. Fujii (2003)
Diffusion-weighted MRI in Anterior Spinal Artery Stroke of the Cervical Spinal CordJournal of Computer Assisted Tomography, 27
R. Bunge, Puckett Wr, Becerra Jl, A. Marcillo, R. Quencer (1993)
Observations on the pathology of human spinal cord injury. A review and classification of 22 new cases with details from a case of chronic cord compression with extensive focal demyelination.Advances in neurology, 59
B. Ellingson, J. Ulmer, S. Kurpad, B. Schmit (2008)
Diffusion Tensor MR Imaging of the Neurologically Intact Human Spinal CordAmerican Journal of Neuroradiology, 29
A. Deo, R. Grill, K. Hasan, P. Narayana (2006)
In vivo serial diffusion tensor imaging of experimental spinal cord injuryJournal of Neuroscience Research, 83
O. Ciccarelli, D. Werring, G. Barker, C. Griffin, C. Wheeler-Kingshott, David Miller, A. Thompson (2003)
A study of the mechanisms of normal-appearing white matter damage in multiple sclerosis using diffusion tensor imagingJournal of Neurology, 250
C. Clark, D. Werring, David Miller (2000)
Diffusion imaging of the spinal cord in vivo: Estimation of the principal diffusivities and application to multiple sclerosisMagnetic Resonance in Medicine, 43
B. Ellingson, J. Ulmer, B. Schmit (2007)
Gray and white matter delineation in the human spinal cord using diffusion tensor imaging and fuzzy logic.Academic radiology, 14 7
L. Kaufman, D. Kramer, L. Crooks, D. Ortendahl (1989)
Measuring signal-to-noise ratios in MR imaging.Radiology, 173 1
J. Ford, D. Hackney, D. Alsop, H. Jara, P. Joseph, C. Hand, P. Black (1994)
MRI characterization of diffusion coefficients in a rat spinal cord injury modelMagnetic Resonance in Medicine, 31
E. Schwartz, Emily Cooper, Yingli Fan, A. Jawad, C. Chin, J. Nissanov, D. Hackney (2005)
MRI diffusion coefficients in spinal cord correlate with axon morphometryNeuroReport, 16
Chad Holder, Raja Muthupillai, Srinivasan Mukundan, James Eastwood, P. Hudgins (2000)
Diffusion-weighted MR imaging of the normal human spinal cord in vivo.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology, 21 10
W. Küker, M. Weller, U. Klose, H. Krapf, J. Dichgans, T. Nägele (2004)
Diffusion-weighted MRI of spinal cord infarction--high resolution imaging and time course of diffusion abnormality.Journal of neurology, 251 7
This Article Figures Only Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: ajnr.A1272v1 29/10/1976 most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Ellingson, B.M. Articles by Schmit, B.D. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Ellingson, B.M. Articles by Schmit, B.D. Hotlight (NEW!) What's Hotlight? American Journal of Neuroradiology 29:1976-1982, November-December 2008 © 2008 American Society of Neuroradiology SPINE Diffusion Tensor MR Imaging in Chronic Spinal Cord Injury B.M. Ellingson a , J.L. Ulmer b , S.N. Kurpad c and B.D. Schmit a a Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wis b Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wis c Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wis Please address correspondence to Brian D. Schmit, PhD, Marquette University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, PO Box 1881, Milwaukee, WI 53201-1881; e-mail: brian.schmit@marquette.edu BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Diffusion tensor MR imaging is emerging as an important tool for displaying anatomic changes in the brain after injury or disease but has been less widely applied to disorders of the spinal cord. The aim of this study was to characterize the diffusion properties of the entire human spinal cord in vivo during the chronic stages of spinal cord injury (SCI). These data provide insight into the structural changes that occur as a result of long-term recovery from spinal trauma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirteen neurologically intact subjects and 10 subjects with chronic SCI (>4 years postinjury) were enrolled in this study. A single-shot twice-refocused spin-echo diffusion-weighted echo-planar imaging pulse sequence was used to obtain axial images throughout the entire spinal cord (C1-L1) in <60 minutes. RESULTS: Despite heterogeneity in SCI lesion severity and location, diffusion characteristics of the chronic lesion were significantly elevated compared with those of uninjured controls. Fractional anisotropy was significantly lower at the chronic lesion and appeared dependent on the completeness of the injury. Conversely, mean diffusivity measurements in the upper cervical spinal cord in subjects with SCI were significantly lower than those in controls. These trends suggest that the entire neuraxis may be affected by long-term recovery from spinal trauma. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that diffusion tensor imaging may be useful in the assessment of SCI recovery. This article has been cited by other articles: T. H. Kim, L. Zollinger, X. F. Shi, S. E. Kim, J. Rose, A. A. Patel, and E. K. Jeong Quantification of Diffusivities of the Human Cervical Spinal Cord Using a 2D Single-Shot Interleaved Multisection Inner Volume Diffusion-Weighted Echo-Planar Imaging Technique AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., April 1, 2010; 31(4): 682 - 687. Abstract Full Text PDF Home Subscribe Author Instructions Submit Online Search the AJNR Archives Feedback Help Copyright © 2010 by the American Society of Neuroradiology. Print ISSN: 0195-6108 Online ISSN: 1936-959X
American Journal of Neuroradiology – American Journal of Neuroradiology
Published: Nov 1, 2008
Read and print from thousands of top scholarly journals.
Already have an account? Log in
Bookmark this article. You can see your Bookmarks on your DeepDyve Library.
To save an article, log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one.
Copy and paste the desired citation format or use the link below to download a file formatted for EndNote
Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
All DeepDyve websites use cookies to improve your online experience. They were placed on your computer when you launched this website. You can change your cookie settings through your browser.