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Country correspondent: Leopolda de Amaral; Licenciado em Direito (Universidade Eduardo Mondlane), LLM (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa) (Pretoria); Legal Consultant ( 1) BASIC FACTS Independence: 25 June 1975, former Portuguese colony Leader: Joaquim Alberto Chissano, born 1939, president since 1986 ·., Capital: Maputo (main seaport and international airport) Other major city: Beira (seaport and international airport) Area: 801 590 km Population: 15,7 mn (1997) Population growth: 3,1 % Urbanisation: 30% ( 1995) Languages: Portuguese (official), Makua-Lomwe, Shona, Tsonga, Swahili, · Yao, Sena, Chewa-Nyanja, English HDI rank: 157 (1999) Life expectancy at birth: 40 years ( 1999) Adult literacy rate: 43% (1999) Gross enrolment ratio (all educational levels}: 23% ( 1999) GNP: $1 .35 bn GNP/capita: $80 ( 1995) GDP (average annual growth rate): 7,1% (1990-95) Foreign debt: $5 781 mn (1995); as% of GNP: 427% Development aid: $1 007 mn (1995); as% of GNP: 96% Currency: Metical (Meticais) (MM) Comments: An extremely poor country surv1v1ng on foreign aid, but with considerable potential for development in the agricultural, mining, energy, transport and tourist sectors. The meagre exports consist mainly of fish, cashew nuts, cotton and copra. In addition to the devastation caused by 17 years of civil war, the
Human Rights Law in Africa Online – Brill
Published: Jan 1, 2004
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