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195 REWARD AND PUNISHMENT OR BRIBE AND EXTORTION?1 Lewis W. Brandt University of Regina (Canada) It seems to be an implicit methodological rule of certain schools of psychology to change the meanings of important words in the course of research. Wolfgang Metzger, a student of Max Wertheimer and the leading German Gestalt psychologist after World War II, wrote to me in a personal letter: "Ich meine, man sollte ... auf die unglaubliche Schlampigkeit typischer amerikanischer Begriffsbestimmungen eingehen ... Nicht zu vergessen die Frechheit, in der Falsifikationen durch Sprachregelungen umgangen werden." [I think one ought to discuss in detail the unbelievable sloppiness of typically American definitions of terms ... Not to forget the insolence with which falsifications are circumvented by linguistic regulations.] William James mentioned already that the English language does not distinguish between savoir/wissen and con- naitre/kennen. Of perhaps even greater consequence for the development of English-language psychology is the lack of separate words for hernunft and herstand and of the distinction between humans and animals expressed by bouchelMund verses .f!:ueule/ Maul) essen versus fressen, lehrenlenseigner versus196 dressieren/dompter. (I wonder whether the role of animal-, learning in Anglo-American psychology as compared to French and German psychology is perhaps related
Journal of Phenomenological Psychology – Brill
Published: Jan 1, 1977
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