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Three stages and two systems of visual processing

Three stages and two systems of visual processing Three stages and two systems of visual processing GEORGE SPERLING Human Information Processing Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Center for Neural Sciences, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA Received for publication 1 July 1989 Abstract-Three stages of visual processing determine how internal noise appears to an external observer: light adaptation, contrast gain control and a postsensory/decision stage. Dark noise occurs prior to adaptation, determines dark-adapted absolute thresholds and mimics stationary external noise. Sensory noise occurs after dark adaptation, determines contrast thresholds for sine gratings and similar stimuli, and mimics external noise that increases with mean luminance. Postsensory noise incorporates perceptual, decision and mnemonic processes. It occurs after contrast-gain control and mimics external noise that increases with stimulus contrast (i.e., multiplicative noise). Dark noise and sensory noise are frequency specific and primarily affect weak signals. Only postsensory noise significantly affects the discriminability of strong signals masked by stimulus noise; postsensory noise has constant power over a wide spatial frequency range in which sensory noise varies enormously. Two parallel perceptual regimes jointly serve human object recognition and motion perception: a first-order linear (Fourier) regime that computes relations directly from stimulus luminance, and a second-order nonlinear (nonFourier) rectifying regime http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Spatial Vision (continued as Seeing & Perceiving from 2010) Brill

Three stages and two systems of visual processing

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Publisher
Brill
Copyright
© 1989 Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands
ISSN
0169-1015
eISSN
1568-5683
DOI
10.1163/156856889X00112
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Three stages and two systems of visual processing GEORGE SPERLING Human Information Processing Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Center for Neural Sciences, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA Received for publication 1 July 1989 Abstract-Three stages of visual processing determine how internal noise appears to an external observer: light adaptation, contrast gain control and a postsensory/decision stage. Dark noise occurs prior to adaptation, determines dark-adapted absolute thresholds and mimics stationary external noise. Sensory noise occurs after dark adaptation, determines contrast thresholds for sine gratings and similar stimuli, and mimics external noise that increases with mean luminance. Postsensory noise incorporates perceptual, decision and mnemonic processes. It occurs after contrast-gain control and mimics external noise that increases with stimulus contrast (i.e., multiplicative noise). Dark noise and sensory noise are frequency specific and primarily affect weak signals. Only postsensory noise significantly affects the discriminability of strong signals masked by stimulus noise; postsensory noise has constant power over a wide spatial frequency range in which sensory noise varies enormously. Two parallel perceptual regimes jointly serve human object recognition and motion perception: a first-order linear (Fourier) regime that computes relations directly from stimulus luminance, and a second-order nonlinear (nonFourier) rectifying regime

Journal

Spatial Vision (continued as Seeing & Perceiving from 2010)Brill

Published: Jan 1, 1989

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