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Evaluation of a 'bias-free' measure of awareness

Evaluation of a 'bias-free' measure of awareness Spatial Vision , Vol. 20, No. 1–2, pp. 61 – 77 (2007)  VSP 2007. Also available online - www.brill.nl/sv Evaluation of a ‘bias-free’ measure of awareness SIMON EVANS ∗ and PAUL AZZOPARDI Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, UK Received 1 February 2006; accepted 31 May 2006 Abstract —The derivation of a reliable, subjective measure of awareness that is not contaminated by observers’ response bias is a problem that has long occupied researchers. Kunimoto et al. (2001) proposed a measure of awareness ( a ′ ) which apparently meets this criterion: a ′ is derived from confidence ratings and is based on the intuition that confidence should reflect awareness. The aim of this paper is to explore the validity of this measure. Some calculations suggested that, contrary to Kunimoto et al. ’s intention, a ′ can vary as a result of changes in response bias affecting the relative proportions of high- and low-confidence responses. This was not evident in the results of Kunimoto et al. ’s original experiments because their method may have artificially ‘clamped’ observers’ response bias close to zero. A predicted consequence of allowing response bias to vary freely is that it can result http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Spatial Vision (continued as Seeing & Perceiving from 2010) Brill

Evaluation of a 'bias-free' measure of awareness

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References (18)

Publisher
Brill
Copyright
© 2007 Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands
ISSN
0169-1015
eISSN
1568-5683
DOI
10.1163/156856807779369742
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Spatial Vision , Vol. 20, No. 1–2, pp. 61 – 77 (2007)  VSP 2007. Also available online - www.brill.nl/sv Evaluation of a ‘bias-free’ measure of awareness SIMON EVANS ∗ and PAUL AZZOPARDI Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, UK Received 1 February 2006; accepted 31 May 2006 Abstract —The derivation of a reliable, subjective measure of awareness that is not contaminated by observers’ response bias is a problem that has long occupied researchers. Kunimoto et al. (2001) proposed a measure of awareness ( a ′ ) which apparently meets this criterion: a ′ is derived from confidence ratings and is based on the intuition that confidence should reflect awareness. The aim of this paper is to explore the validity of this measure. Some calculations suggested that, contrary to Kunimoto et al. ’s intention, a ′ can vary as a result of changes in response bias affecting the relative proportions of high- and low-confidence responses. This was not evident in the results of Kunimoto et al. ’s original experiments because their method may have artificially ‘clamped’ observers’ response bias close to zero. A predicted consequence of allowing response bias to vary freely is that it can result

Journal

Spatial Vision (continued as Seeing & Perceiving from 2010) – Brill

Published: Jan 1, 2007

Keywords: RESPONSE BIAS; SIGNAL DETECTION THEORY; BLIND-SIGHT; VISUAL DISCRIMINATION; CONFIDENCE RATINGS

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