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AbstractPhoresis is a strategy in which one organism (the phoretic) attaches toanother (the host) for the implied purpose of dispersal and is valuable forsmall flightless invertebrates with limited mobility. Previous work hasshown that the relatively immobile larvae of Hylobius abietis (the largepine weevil) are highly susceptible to entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) andsupport nematode reproduction whereas adults do not. Here, we demonstratethat the infective juveniles (IJ) of two species of EPN, Heterorhabditismegidis and Steinernema carpocapsae, can use the resistant but highly mobileadults of H. abietis for phoretic dispersal. The ability to use adult H.abietis for phoresis depended on nematode species and habitat (sand vs peat)and there was no evidence of sex-biased dispersal in S. carpocapsae forwhich the IJ are dioecious. We hypothesise that phoretic dispersal may be asignificant mechanism to avoid sibling competition and inbreeding in EPN,which produce tens of thousands of offspring at point sources in arelatively impenetrable habitat.
Nematology – Brill
Published: Jan 1, 2009
Keywords: HETERORHABDITIS MEGIDIS; DISPERSAL; PHORESY; STEINERNEMA CARPOCAPSAE
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