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DIVERGENCE OF DEMOGRAPHIC AND REPRODUCTIVE VARIABLES OVER 25 YEARS IN LABORATORY AND NATURAL POPULATIONS OF THE BRINE SHRIMP, ARTEMIA BY ROBERT A. BROWNE Biology Department, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, N.C. 27109, U.S.A. INTRODUCTION Selection in natural populations due to man-induced alterations in the environment has been well-documented; e.g., industrial melanism (Kettlewell, 1973; Ford, 1971), insecticide resistance (reviewed by Brown, 1967 and Georghiou, 1972) and heavy metal tolerance by plants (Antonovics et al., 1971; Bradshaw, 1971). Selection in laboratory populations has also been demonstrated repeatedly, perhaps foremost in Drosophila (Dobzhansky & Spassky, 1947; Dobzhansky, 1970) and Tribolium (King & Dawson, 1972; Sonleitner, 1961). Many of the laboratory experiments, however, have been conducted over short time periods under extreme selective pressures. This paper reports the effects of long-term laboratory culturing under a less severe, unintentional, selective regime. Life-span and reproductive parameters are presented for two populations of the brine shrimp, Artemia: one raised under laboratory conditions for 25 years, the other its naturally occurring counter- part. MATERIALS AND METHODS In early 1980, two populations of San Francisco Bay brine shrimp (Artemia franciscana Kellogg, formerly A. salina (L., 1758); see Bowen et al., 1980 for tax- onomic review) were compared with
Crustaceana – Brill
Published: Jan 1, 1983
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