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AbstractPfaffia glomerata is a medicinal plant widely distributed in Brazil, which isconsidered the world's greatest supplier of P. glomerata roots. Among activeingredients contained in this plant, the steroid β-ecydisone (20E) is themost important compound extracted from roots. This steroid presentstherapeutic properties for the treatment of diabetes and haemorrhoids,besides having bioenergy, tonic and aphrodisiac effects. The root-knotnematode Meloidogyne spp. is a major limiting factor in root production.Recent studies showed resistance of accessions of P. glomerata toMeloidogyne incognita. The aims of this work were: i) to correlate theconcentration of 20E with resistance and susceptibility of P. glomerataaccessions to M. incognita in inoculated and non-inoculated plants; ii) tostudy the effect of the parasitism of M. incognita on the concentration ofthe steroid 20E in the roots; and iii) to clarify resistance mechanisms bycomparing the response of a highly resistant UFV with a highly susceptibleaccession (Farm) to nematode infection. The concentration of 20E in thehealthy susceptible Farm accession was significantly higher than in thehealthy resistant UFV accession, showing that the resistance mechanism wasnot related to 20E concentrations. Plants of the Farm accession infectedwith M. incognita showed higher levels of 20E than the non-infected control.A positive and significant Pearson correlation coefficient was observedbetween 20E concentrations and gall indexes. Resistance of UFV to theroot-knot nematode M. incognita was associated with unidentified factorsthat limited nematode penetration or emigration of second-stage juvenilesand with post-penetration responses, including the hypersensitive response.Giant cells were sometimes found in the resistant cultivar, but displayed ahighly vacuolated and degraded cytoplasm with thinner cell walls than thoseinduced in the susceptible accession. Microscope observations under UV lightshowed a strong autofluorescence, suggesting that phenolic compounds may beinvolved in ginseng UFV resistance.
Nematology – Brill
Published: Jan 1, 2010
Keywords: PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS; ROOT-KNOT NEMATODES; RESISTANCE; BRAZILIAN GINSENG; AUTOFLUORESCENCE; HYPERSENSITIVE REACTION
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