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The Library Shelf

The Library Shelf graphs to describe the nature of shock and expansion waves might have been appropriate here, although in fairness it should be added that the author refers the reader to another work on this topic. Chapters 3 and 4 deal respectively with the chem­ Astronautics — Tunnel Testing — Rocket Engines istry of propellents and the properties of liquid pro­ pellents. After discussing the basic combustion pro­ Vistas in Astronautics, 1960, Vol. 3. [Pergamon. 55s.] The importance of the flow near partially open cess, Chapter 5 proceeds to deal with the theory of walls justifies the devotion of Chapter 11 to the cross the injector and combustion chamber design along This book contains the proceedings of the third flow characteristics of wall elements and Chapter 13 with the various forms of combustion instability. U.S.A.F. Office of Scientific Research Astronautics to the growth of the boundary layer along partially This is followed by sections on chamber construction symposium and, consequently, suffers from not being open walls. The practical attainment of a good test and heat transfer calculations in Chapter 6, and a a coherent whole but a scries of different papers; some description of pumps, turbines and operating tech­ stream in a transonic tunnel is discussed in Chapter of them, indeed, being 'vistas' but often leaving gaps niques in Chapter 7. The problems associated with 12, and Chapter 14 deals with the main power and in subject matter. It is a pity that some of the authors testing rocket engines are described from the view­ plenum chamber suction power requirements of tran­ cannot be persuaded to write a conventional book on points of instrumentation, noise and reliability in sonic wind tunnels. The book concludes with an the subject, whereby these gaps could be filled. Chapter 8, while Chapter 9 takes a brief peep into the informative table of transonic wind tunnels with their The page size is unusually large, being 11 in. x 8½ future at nuclear rockets, plasma jets and photon and principal characteristics as collected from the available in., the normal American quarto size used universally literature. ion rockets. in business in U.S.A., but since the book is reproduced The validity of transonic wind tunnel test results Overall, the book runs to about 50,000 words with from typing this may well account for such a choice. depends entirely on the degree to which wall inter­ eight photographs and twenty-nine diagrams. The It is, of course, very convenient for tables and ference is present and can be allowed for. Goethert photographs would have been of more than passing diagrams. has made a great effort to treat the subject of inter­ interest to the reader had some idea of scale been The six sections into which the book is divided are: ference with the thoroughness demanded, but because incorporated. The author is to be congratulated on Astronautic vehicle utilization; astronautic propul­ of the complexity of the problems, the solutions are keeping a very technical subject down to essentials, sion; bioastronautics; planetary and space environ­ not complete. Many of these limitations are stated and also on providing the reader with a compre­ ment; astronautic communications; and astronautic specifically or may be readily inferred. The material hensive list of references at the end of each chapter guidance. The twenty-seven separate papers are so that any particular interest can be pursued. Never­ presented in the book is sufficient to guide the reader divided fairly evenly between these sections, and the theless, prospective readers, and less affluent students along the right lines but he must be wary about discussion is given in each case. in particular, may find the price of 35s. rather high. applying the results of simple theories to complex In the first section Hiltner and Collins' paper 'Ex­ configurations. At present, the interpretation of experi­ ploration of Venus' is particularly good; as are 'Elec­ mental results from tests of complete aircraft models trical Space Propulsion' by Boden and 'Design is still dependent on experience with the particular Considerations of a Magnetohydrodynamical Elec­ tunnel. trical Power Generator' by Sutton in Section II. The layout of the book is good and each chapter Bioastronautics is rather overshadowed by Gagarin, has its own list of references and bibliography which Titov and Glenn's subsequent efforts, but Green's make the book very much more useful. There is a list fifty-page paper on the application of Geology to of the main symbols at the front of the book and a Man's survival on the moon is both detailed and subject index at the back. convincing, as is Robey's paper on the influence of The editorship has failed on a few occasions, particle radiation on manned spaceflight. mainly in connexion with the figures. For example, Section 5 on communications is rather disappoint­ on pages 326 and 328, Figures 12-41 and 12-42 appear ing, and one realizes how much work has been done with the Mach number ordinate M∞—M which is since October 1960 in this sphere. The book con­ c 'explained' in the caption as M and M , whilst the cludes with a good paper on satellite rendezvous, C1 symbol Am is used in the text. Elsewhere, Aw is used which will be the burning problem of military space in for 'the mass flow removed from the working section'. years to come, and a problem that is none too easy to On Figure 5-17 the asymptote should be c-s-1-0 solve when aiming at a mildly evasive target. not co, but more serious, the total number of slots is In conclusion, it may be said that this book is good given by n=4, etc., whereas the notation elsewhere value for money, but it is a pity it was not available a would demand 2«=4, etc. Page 93 refers the reader little more promptly. Possibly this is due to having to to Appendix VI which turns out to be the appendix correspond with twenty-seven different authors, and to Chapter 6, not the sixth appendix in the book. the whole tribe of people who participated in the dis­ The index is good but unbalanced. A quarter of the cussion. The system of having one person to sum­ entries occur under the headings 'Perforated test marize discussion at this type of meeting has a great section walls', 'Porous test sections walls', and deal to commend it. 'Slotted test section walls', whereas there is no entry W. F. H. for such things as blockage, doublet, lift, pitching moment, Reynolds number, and vortex. Transonic Wind Tunnel Testing. B. H. Goethert. This book is a valuable addition in the field of (AGARDOgraph 49.) [Pergamon. £5 5.s. or S17.50.] aeronautics. The author has done a good job in col­ lecting so much information and presenting it so The study of transonic flow is beset with difficulties clearly. To all concerned with transonic wind tunnel both from the theoretical and experimental aspects. Theorectical work is hampered by the mixed nature testing this book is highly recommended. of the flow, parts subsonic and parts supersonic, each J. T. governed by a different type of equation with singu­ larities present in the neighbourhood of M = l. Rocket Engines. S. L. Bragg. [George Newnes Ltd. Similarly, experimental work is hampered by the fact 35.?.] that the pressure field due to the model is concen­ trated in the plane of the model normal to the stream Perhaps it would be as well to begin by reminding and pressure interference from the test stream boun­ the reader that the term 'rocket engine' is applied to the daries falls back on the model unless the boundaries liquid propellent power plant while 'rocket motor' are sufficiently far apart. applies to the solid propellent variety. Written by Mr Many technical papers on the subject of transonic S. L. Bragg, who was formerly Chief Performance flow have been published but very few texts, so that Engineer in the Rocket Division of Rolls-Royce, and the appearance of Transonic Wind Tunnel Testing is is now Chief Scientist with that Company, the book most welcome. There are few so well qualified to is based largely on his experience and knowledge per­ write on the subject as Goethert who has been able taining to the RZ.2 and RZ.I2 rocket engines for to draw on his wide experience at the Arnold En­ Blue Streak. The Preface states that the book is gineering Development Center. intended to provide the students of university or The book starts with a short but interesting intro­ technical college standard with the basic theory duction to transonic testing including drop tests, required to assist their development into competent rotating rigs, wing flow techniques and tunnels with rocket engineers. This worthy intention might, how- slotted or perforated walls. The flow about wings and evcr.'appear to limit the appeal of this very readable bodies in free flight is next considered and compared work, for the number of students, in this country at with the interference introduced by open and closed any rate, who are likely to have the opportunity to working section wind tunnels. This forms a useful become competent rocket engineers must be severely introduction to the behaviour of slotted or perforated restricted. It would seem preferable therefore to walls in reducing interference. describe the book as an introduction to the theory of Theoretical wall interference for non-lifting and rocket engines which can be recommended to all lifting configurations at subsonic speeds is given in those who intended to specialize in this field ami also Chapter 5 for longitudinal slots, and in Chapter 6 for to the engineers and scientists working in associated perforated walls. These are followed by a chapter of spheres who would no doubt benefit from a know­ experimental results. Chapters 8 and 9 deal with super­ ledge of the technology of liquid propellent rockets. sonic wall interference with two-dimensional and The book begins with a very brief historical chapter axi-symmetric configurations respectively, and these which is followed by the analysis of gas flow starting are followed by a chapter on typical test results from from first principles, and covering choking, undcr- complete aircraft models. and over-expansion and nozzle shapes. A few para­ October 1962 307 http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology Emerald Publishing

The Library Shelf

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology , Volume 34 (10): 1 – Oct 1, 1962
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Publisher
Emerald Publishing
Copyright
Copyright © Emerald Group Publishing Limited
ISSN
0002-2667
DOI
10.1108/eb033626
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Abstract

graphs to describe the nature of shock and expansion waves might have been appropriate here, although in fairness it should be added that the author refers the reader to another work on this topic. Chapters 3 and 4 deal respectively with the chem­ Astronautics — Tunnel Testing — Rocket Engines istry of propellents and the properties of liquid pro­ pellents. After discussing the basic combustion pro­ Vistas in Astronautics, 1960, Vol. 3. [Pergamon. 55s.] The importance of the flow near partially open cess, Chapter 5 proceeds to deal with the theory of walls justifies the devotion of Chapter 11 to the cross the injector and combustion chamber design along This book contains the proceedings of the third flow characteristics of wall elements and Chapter 13 with the various forms of combustion instability. U.S.A.F. Office of Scientific Research Astronautics to the growth of the boundary layer along partially This is followed by sections on chamber construction symposium and, consequently, suffers from not being open walls. The practical attainment of a good test and heat transfer calculations in Chapter 6, and a a coherent whole but a scries of different papers; some description of pumps, turbines and operating tech­ stream in a transonic tunnel is discussed in Chapter of them, indeed, being 'vistas' but often leaving gaps niques in Chapter 7. The problems associated with 12, and Chapter 14 deals with the main power and in subject matter. It is a pity that some of the authors testing rocket engines are described from the view­ plenum chamber suction power requirements of tran­ cannot be persuaded to write a conventional book on points of instrumentation, noise and reliability in sonic wind tunnels. The book concludes with an the subject, whereby these gaps could be filled. Chapter 8, while Chapter 9 takes a brief peep into the informative table of transonic wind tunnels with their The page size is unusually large, being 11 in. x 8½ future at nuclear rockets, plasma jets and photon and principal characteristics as collected from the available in., the normal American quarto size used universally literature. ion rockets. in business in U.S.A., but since the book is reproduced The validity of transonic wind tunnel test results Overall, the book runs to about 50,000 words with from typing this may well account for such a choice. depends entirely on the degree to which wall inter­ eight photographs and twenty-nine diagrams. The It is, of course, very convenient for tables and ference is present and can be allowed for. Goethert photographs would have been of more than passing diagrams. has made a great effort to treat the subject of inter­ interest to the reader had some idea of scale been The six sections into which the book is divided are: ference with the thoroughness demanded, but because incorporated. The author is to be congratulated on Astronautic vehicle utilization; astronautic propul­ of the complexity of the problems, the solutions are keeping a very technical subject down to essentials, sion; bioastronautics; planetary and space environ­ not complete. Many of these limitations are stated and also on providing the reader with a compre­ ment; astronautic communications; and astronautic specifically or may be readily inferred. The material hensive list of references at the end of each chapter guidance. The twenty-seven separate papers are so that any particular interest can be pursued. Never­ presented in the book is sufficient to guide the reader divided fairly evenly between these sections, and the theless, prospective readers, and less affluent students along the right lines but he must be wary about discussion is given in each case. in particular, may find the price of 35s. rather high. applying the results of simple theories to complex In the first section Hiltner and Collins' paper 'Ex­ configurations. At present, the interpretation of experi­ ploration of Venus' is particularly good; as are 'Elec­ mental results from tests of complete aircraft models trical Space Propulsion' by Boden and 'Design is still dependent on experience with the particular Considerations of a Magnetohydrodynamical Elec­ tunnel. trical Power Generator' by Sutton in Section II. The layout of the book is good and each chapter Bioastronautics is rather overshadowed by Gagarin, has its own list of references and bibliography which Titov and Glenn's subsequent efforts, but Green's make the book very much more useful. There is a list fifty-page paper on the application of Geology to of the main symbols at the front of the book and a Man's survival on the moon is both detailed and subject index at the back. convincing, as is Robey's paper on the influence of The editorship has failed on a few occasions, particle radiation on manned spaceflight. mainly in connexion with the figures. For example, Section 5 on communications is rather disappoint­ on pages 326 and 328, Figures 12-41 and 12-42 appear ing, and one realizes how much work has been done with the Mach number ordinate M∞—M which is since October 1960 in this sphere. The book con­ c 'explained' in the caption as M and M , whilst the cludes with a good paper on satellite rendezvous, C1 symbol Am is used in the text. Elsewhere, Aw is used which will be the burning problem of military space in for 'the mass flow removed from the working section'. years to come, and a problem that is none too easy to On Figure 5-17 the asymptote should be c-s-1-0 solve when aiming at a mildly evasive target. not co, but more serious, the total number of slots is In conclusion, it may be said that this book is good given by n=4, etc., whereas the notation elsewhere value for money, but it is a pity it was not available a would demand 2«=4, etc. Page 93 refers the reader little more promptly. Possibly this is due to having to to Appendix VI which turns out to be the appendix correspond with twenty-seven different authors, and to Chapter 6, not the sixth appendix in the book. the whole tribe of people who participated in the dis­ The index is good but unbalanced. A quarter of the cussion. The system of having one person to sum­ entries occur under the headings 'Perforated test marize discussion at this type of meeting has a great section walls', 'Porous test sections walls', and deal to commend it. 'Slotted test section walls', whereas there is no entry W. F. H. for such things as blockage, doublet, lift, pitching moment, Reynolds number, and vortex. Transonic Wind Tunnel Testing. B. H. Goethert. This book is a valuable addition in the field of (AGARDOgraph 49.) [Pergamon. £5 5.s. or S17.50.] aeronautics. The author has done a good job in col­ lecting so much information and presenting it so The study of transonic flow is beset with difficulties clearly. To all concerned with transonic wind tunnel both from the theoretical and experimental aspects. Theorectical work is hampered by the mixed nature testing this book is highly recommended. of the flow, parts subsonic and parts supersonic, each J. T. governed by a different type of equation with singu­ larities present in the neighbourhood of M = l. Rocket Engines. S. L. Bragg. [George Newnes Ltd. Similarly, experimental work is hampered by the fact 35.?.] that the pressure field due to the model is concen­ trated in the plane of the model normal to the stream Perhaps it would be as well to begin by reminding and pressure interference from the test stream boun­ the reader that the term 'rocket engine' is applied to the daries falls back on the model unless the boundaries liquid propellent power plant while 'rocket motor' are sufficiently far apart. applies to the solid propellent variety. Written by Mr Many technical papers on the subject of transonic S. L. Bragg, who was formerly Chief Performance flow have been published but very few texts, so that Engineer in the Rocket Division of Rolls-Royce, and the appearance of Transonic Wind Tunnel Testing is is now Chief Scientist with that Company, the book most welcome. There are few so well qualified to is based largely on his experience and knowledge per­ write on the subject as Goethert who has been able taining to the RZ.2 and RZ.I2 rocket engines for to draw on his wide experience at the Arnold En­ Blue Streak. The Preface states that the book is gineering Development Center. intended to provide the students of university or The book starts with a short but interesting intro­ technical college standard with the basic theory duction to transonic testing including drop tests, required to assist their development into competent rotating rigs, wing flow techniques and tunnels with rocket engineers. This worthy intention might, how- slotted or perforated walls. The flow about wings and evcr.'appear to limit the appeal of this very readable bodies in free flight is next considered and compared work, for the number of students, in this country at with the interference introduced by open and closed any rate, who are likely to have the opportunity to working section wind tunnels. This forms a useful become competent rocket engineers must be severely introduction to the behaviour of slotted or perforated restricted. It would seem preferable therefore to walls in reducing interference. describe the book as an introduction to the theory of Theoretical wall interference for non-lifting and rocket engines which can be recommended to all lifting configurations at subsonic speeds is given in those who intended to specialize in this field ami also Chapter 5 for longitudinal slots, and in Chapter 6 for to the engineers and scientists working in associated perforated walls. These are followed by a chapter of spheres who would no doubt benefit from a know­ experimental results. Chapters 8 and 9 deal with super­ ledge of the technology of liquid propellent rockets. sonic wall interference with two-dimensional and The book begins with a very brief historical chapter axi-symmetric configurations respectively, and these which is followed by the analysis of gas flow starting are followed by a chapter on typical test results from from first principles, and covering choking, undcr- complete aircraft models. and over-expansion and nozzle shapes. A few para­ October 1962 307

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Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology – Emerald Publishing

Published: Oct 1, 1962

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