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Clinical Review & Education JAMA Pediatrics Clinical Challenge Chiara Oretti, MD; Matteo Bramuzzo, MD; Antonella Trappan, MD; Floriana Zennaro, MD; Sergio Demarini, MD Figure 1. Standard chest radiograph showing hyperexpansion of the right lung, mediastinal shift to the left, and opacified left hemithorax. A female infant was born by vaginal delivery at 39 weeks’ gestation. What Is Your Diagnosis? The Apgar score was 7 at 1 minute and 9 at 5 minutes. Birth weight A. Pleural effusion was 2630 g. She developed a mild, self- B. Pneumonia resolving tachypnea with normal oxygen Quiz at jamapediatrics.com saturation values. Radiography showed a C. Pulmonary agenesis normal right lung and an opacified left hemithorax (Figure 1). No D. Lymphangiectasia additional abnormalities were found. jamapediatrics.com JAMA Pediatrics July 2013 Volume 167, Number 7 669 Clinical Review & Education JAMA Pediatrics Clinical Challenge rudimentarybronchus(aplasia);andgroup3,abortivegrowth(hypo- Diagnosis Pulmonary agenesis plasia). Our patient met criteria for group 1. Embryologically, the lung developsduringthefourthweekoffetallifeasapouchlikelaryngotra- Discussion chealdiverticulumfromtheprimitiveforegutandthenformsthelung Chest computed tomography showed left lung agenesis, left pulmo- buds.Pulmonaryagenesisoraplasiaoccursduetofailureofthediver- naryarteryagenesis,anddilatationofrightpulmonaryveins(Figure2). ticulumtodivideequallybetweenthe2lungbuds.Ifthisbalanceisnot The infant showed normal growth and development and no subse- established, one side will develop normally, while the other will fail to quentsignsofrespiratorydisease.Atage2years,chestcomputedto- develop or undergo limited development. mographyrevealed,asexpected,hypertrophyoftherightlung.There More than
JAMA Pediatrics – American Medical Association
Published: Jul 1, 2013
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