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P. Talalay, W. Fishman, C. Huggins (1946)
Chromogenic substrates; phenolphthalein glucuronic acid as substrate for the assay of glucuronidase activity.The Journal of biological chemistry, 166 2
W. Lamorte, M. Booker, T. Scott, L. Williams (1985)
Increases in gallbladder prostaglandin synthesis before the formation of cholesterol gallstones.Surgery, 98 3
J. Lamont, B. Turner, D. DiBenedetto, R. Handin, A. Schafer (1983)
Arachidonic acid stimulates mucin secretion in prairie dog gallbladder.The American journal of physiology, 245 1
W. Powell (1982)
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Neiderhiser DH (1986)
Animal model of human disease: Acute acalculous cholecystitis induced by lysophosphatidylcholineAm J Pathol, 124
J. Nakano, R. McCloy, A. Gin, K. Nakano (1975)
Effect of prostaglandins E1, E2 and F2α, and pentagstrin on the gall bladder pressure in dogsEuropean Journal of Pharmacology, 30
W. Hagmann, A. Steffan, A. Kirn, D. Keppler (1987)
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Y. Suzuki, Y. Harada, A. Ueno, M. Katori, H. Okabe (1986)
Release of endogenous prostaglandins by mild hyperosmotic saline inhibits tetragastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion in rats.Prostaglandins, 32 3
J. Svanvik, E. Thornell, L. Zettergren (1981)
Gallbladder function in experimental cholecystitis.Surgery, 89 4
Deshpande YG Kaminski DL (1985)
The effect of oral ibuprofen on the formation of prostaglandins E and F by human gallbladder muscle and mucosaDig Dis Sci, 30
DiRosa M Ammendola G (1975)
Leucocyte migration and lysosomal enzyme release in rat carrageenin pleurisyAgents Actions, 5
D. Kaminski, Y. Deshpande, J. Qualy, L. Thomas (1985)
The role of prostaglandins in feline experimental cholecystitis.Surgery, 98 4
R. Schellenberg, M. Duff, A. Foster, H. Paddon (1986)
Histamine releases PGI2 from human pulmonary artery.Prostaglandins, 32 2
D. Kaminski, Y. Deshpande (1984)
The Effects of Prostacyclin on Canine Hepatic Bile FlowHepatology, 4
Ferreira SH (1979)
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Regulation of prostaglandin synthesis and of the selective release of lysosomal hydrolases by mouse peritoneal macrophages.The Biochemical journal, 176 2
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An enzyme isolated from arteries transforms prostaglandin endoperoxides to an unstable substance that inhibits platelet aggregationNature, 263
Thornell L Svanik JE (1981)
Gallbladder function in experimental cholecystitis: Reversal of the inflammatory net fluid secretion into the gallbladder by indomethacinSurgery, 89
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Triphasic effect of prostaglandins E1, E2 and F2alpha on the fluid transport of isolated gall-bladder of guinea-pigs.Prostaglandins, 9 2
A. Stephenson, R. Sprague, T. Dahms, A. Lonigro (1984)
Unilateral acute lung injury induced by ethchlorvynol in anesthetized dogs.Journal of applied physiology: respiratory, environmental and exercise physiology, 56 5
Sp Lee, Martin Carey, Lamont Jt (1981)
Aspirin prevention of cholesterol gallstone formation in prairie dogs.Science, 211 4489
N. Doherty, B. Robinson (1976)
Some biological and pharmacological properties of inflammatory exudatesJournal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 28
M. Bradford (1976)
A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding.Analytical biochemistry, 72
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M. Burnstein, R. Ilson, C. Petrunka, R. Taylor, S. Strasberg (1983)
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B. Samuelsson (1983)
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W. Lamorte, J. Lamont, W. Hale, M. Booker, T. Scott, B. Turner (1986)
Gallbladder prostaglandins and lysophospholipids as mediators of mucin secretion during cholelithiasis.The American journal of physiology, 251 5 Pt 1
W. Jelkmann, A. Kurtz, U. Förstermann, J. Pfeilschifter, C. Bauer (1985)
Hypoxia enhances prostaglandin synthesis in renal mesangial cell cultures.Prostaglandins, 30 1
M. Booker, W. Lamorte (1983)
Prostaglandin release from in vitro guinea-pig gallbladder.Prostaglandins, 25 2
D. Kaminski, Y. Deshpande, L. Thomas, W. Blank (1984)
Evaluation of the role of prostaglandins E and F in human cholecystitis.Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and medicine, 16 1
Abstract • The prostanoids have been demonstrated to be involved in gallbladder physiology and disease. In previous reports, prostaglandin E (PGE) compounds were found to be increased in inflamed human gallbladders. Prostaglandin synthetase inhibition decreased PGE formation by human gallbladders; however, the relief of symptoms of cholecystitis did not correlate well with the decrease in PGE formation. This suggested that other prostanoids may be involved in cholecystitis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the production of the proinflammatory arachidonic acid metabolite prostacyclin by gallbladders from patients with calculous cholecystitis. The formation of PGE and 6-ketoprostaglandin F1α (6-keto-PGF1α), the stable metabolite of prostacyclin, in normal human gallbladder mucosal cells and muscle tissue was compared with that produced by diseased mucosal cells and muscle tissue. Normal human gallbladders produced small amounts of 6-keto-PGF1α, and no differences in formation rates were evident when muscle tissue was compared with mucosal cells. Diseased gallbladders produced significantly greater amounts of 6-keto-PGF1α than did normal gallbladders, and diseased gallbladder muscle produced approximately four times greater amounts of 6-keto-PGF1α than did diseased gallbladder mucosa. Prostacyclin formation is increased in diseased human gallbladders and may be an important mediator of the inflammatory changes of cholecystitis. (Arch Surg 1989;124:277-280) References 1. Hagman W, Steffan AM, Kirn A, et al: Leukotrienes as mediators in frog virus 3–induced hepatitis in rats . Hepatology 1987;7:732-736.Crossref 2. Kaminski DL, Deshpande YG, Qualy J, et al: The role of prostaglandins in feline experimental cholecystitis . Surgery 1985;98:760-786. 3. LaMorte WW, Lamon JT, Hale W, et al: Gallbladder prostaglandins and lysophospholipids as mediators of mucin secretion during cholelithiasis . Am J Physiol 1986;251:G701-G707. 4. Kaminski DL, Deshpande YG, Thomas L, et al: The effect of oral ibuprofen on the formation of prostaglandins E and F by human gallbladder muscle and mucosa . Dig Dis Sci 1985;30:933-940.Crossref 5. Samuelsson B: Leukotrienes: Mediators of immediate hypersensitivity reactions and inflammation . Science 1983;220:568-575.Crossref 6. Moncada SR, Gryglewski R, Bunting S, et al: An enzyme isolated from arteries transforms prostaglandin endoperoxides to an unstable substance that inhibits platelet aggregation . Nature 1976;263:603-609.Crossref 7. Bradford MM: A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding . Anal Biochem 1976;72:248-254.Crossref 8. Talalay P, Fishman WH, Huggins C: Chromagenic substrates: II. Phenolphthalein glucuronic acid as substrate for the assay of glucuronidase activity . J Biol Chem 1946;166:757-772. 9. Powell WS: Rapid extraction of arachidonic acid metabolites from biological samples using octadecysilyl silica . Methods Enzymol 1982;86:467-470. 10. Stephenson AH, Sprague RS, Dahms TE, et al: Unilateral acute lung injury induced by ethchlorvynol in anesthetized dogs . J Appl Physiol 1984;56:1252-1258. 11. Suzuki Y, Harada Y, Veno A, et al: Release of endogenous prostaglandins by mild hyperosmotic saline inhibits tetra-gastrin–stimulated gastric acid secretion in rats . Prostaglandins 1986;32:201-211.Crossref 12. Kaminski DL, Deshpande YG, Thomas L, et al: Evaluation of the role of prostaglandins E and F in human cholecystitis . Prostaglandins Leukotrienes Med 1984;16:109-120.Crossref 13. Ammendola G, DiRosa M, Sorrentino L: Leucocyte migration and lysosomal enzyme release in rat carrageenin pleurisy . Agents Actions 1975;5: 250-254.Crossref 14. Doherty NS, Robinson BV: Some biological and pharmacological properties of inflammatory exudates . J Pharm Pharmacol 1976;28:859-864.Crossref 15. Burnstein MJ, Ilson RG, Petrunka CN, et al: Evidence for a potent nucleating factor in the gallbladder bile of patients with cholesterol gallstones . Gastroenterology 1983;85:801-807. 16. Neiderhiser DH: Animal model of human disease: Acute acalculous cholecystitis induced by lysophosphatidylcholine . Am J Pathol 1986; 124:559-563. 17. LeDuc LE, Needleman P: Regional localization of prostacyclin and thromboxane synthesis in dog stomach and intestinal tract . J Pharm Exp Ther 1979;211:181-188. 18. Booker ML, LaMorte WW: Prostaglandin release from in vitro guinea-pig gallbladder . Prostaglandins 1983;25:143-153.Crossref 19. Nakano J, McCloy RF, Gin AC, et al: Effects of prostaglandins E, E1, E2 and F2 and pentagastrin on gallbladder pressure in dogs . Eur J Pharmacol 1975;30:107-112.Crossref 20. Heinze K, Leinesser W, Peterson KU, et al: Triphasic effect of prostaglandins E1, E2, and F2α on the fluid transport of isolated gallbladder of guinea pigs . Prostaglandins 1975;9:209-322. 21. LaMorte WW, Booker ML, Scott TE, et al: Increases in gallbladder prostaglandin synthesis before the formation of cholesterol gallstones . Surgery 1985;98:445-451. 22. LaMont JT, Turner BS, DiBenedetto D, et al: Arachidonic acid stimulates mucin secretion in prairie dog gallbladder . Am J Physiol 1983; 245:G92-G98. 23. Lee SP, Carey ML, LaMont JT: Aspirin prevention of cholesterol gallstone formation in prairie dogs . Science 1981;211:1429-1431.Crossref 24. Kaminski DL, Deshpande YG: The effects of prostacyclin on canine hepatic bile flow . Hepatology 1984;4:644-650.Crossref 25. Ferreira SH: Prostaglandins , in Houck JC (ed): Chemical Messengers of the Inflammatory Response . Amsterdam, Elsevier Science Publishers, 1979,p 113. 26. Jelkmann W, Kurtz A, Forstermann U, et al: Hypoxia enhances prostaglandin synthesis in renal mesangial cell cultures . Prostaglandins 1985;30:109-118.Crossref 27. Bonney BJ, Wightman PD, Davies P, et al: Regulation of prostaglandin synthesis and of the selective release of lysosomal hydrolases by mouse peritoneal macrophages . Biochem J 1978;176:433-442. 28. Svanik JE, Thornell L, Zettergren L: Gallbladder function in experimental cholecystitis: Reversal of the inflammatory net fluid secretion into the gallbladder by indomethacin . Surgery 1981;89:500-506.
Archives of Surgery – American Medical Association
Published: Mar 1, 1989
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