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F. Cowlard, J. Lewis (1967)
Vitreous carbon — A new form of carbonJournal of Materials Science, 2
V. Mooney, P. Predecki, J. Renning, J. Gray (1971)
Skeletal extension of limb prosthetic attachments–problems in tissue reactionJournal of Biomedical Materials Research, 5
Reswick JB Kadefors R (1970)
A percutaneous electrode for long-term monitoring of bioelectric signals in humansMed Biol Eng, 8
J. Benson (1969)
Carbon offers advantages as implant material in human body
et al Hall CW (1967)
A permanently attached artificial limbTrans Am Soc Artif Intern Organs, 13
J. Benson (1971)
Elemental carbon as a biomaterialJournal of Biomedical Materials Research, 5
G. Jenkins, K. Kawamura (1971)
Structure of Glassy CarbonNature, 231
Kaae JL (1972)
The mechanical properties of glassy and isotrophic pyrolytic carbonsJ Biomed Mater Res, 6
Abstract Pure carbon has been used clinically for percutaneous passage at Rancho Los Amigos Hospital. In the first phase, from 1968 to early 1972. over 40 carbon devices were implanted in the skin of volunteer patients and staff to test the potential use of this material for a dry, infection-free skin intrusion. In the second phase, during the past year, 20 functional devices were implanted in patients and volunteers for muscle stimulation and the control of pain. The success of the devices to achieve infection-free skin passage has given us sufficient confidence to propose an extensive clinical trial for biomedical connector systems. References 1. Hall CW, et al: A permanently attached artificial limb . Trans Am Soc Artif Intern Organs 13:329-331, 1967. 2. Mooney V, et al: Skeletal extension of limb prosthetic attachments: Problems in tissue reaction . J Biomed Mater Res 2:143-158, 1971.Crossref 3. Kadefors R, Reswick JB: A percutaneous electrode for long-term monitoring of bioelectric signals in humans . Med Biol Eng 8:129-135, 1970.Crossref 4. Mooney V, Hartmann DB: Clinical experience in the use of ultra pure carbon for percutaneous passage, in Proceedings of the 18th National SAMPE Symposium, Los Angeles, Society for the Advancement of Materials and Process Engineering, 1973. 5. Cowlard FC, Lewis JC: Vitreous carbon: A new form of carbon . J Mater Sci 2:507-512, 1967.Crossref 6. Benson J: Elemental carbon as a biomaterial . J Biomed Mater Res 5:41-47, 1971.Crossref 7. Huntsville, Ala, NASA, Carbon Offers Advantages as Implant Material in Human Body , NASA Technical brief 69-10087. Marshall Space Flight Center, 1969. 8. Jenkins GM, Kawamura K: Structure of glassy carbon . Nature 231:175-176, 1971.Crossref 9. Kaae JL: The mechanical properties of glassy and isotrophic pyrolytic carbons . J Biomed Mater Res 6:279-282, 1972.Crossref 10. Grenoble D, et al: Development and testing of a vitreous carbon dental implant, in Proceedings of the 18th National SAMPE Symposium, Los Angeles Society for the Advancement of Materials and Process Engineering, 1973.
Archives of Surgery – American Medical Association
Published: Feb 1, 1974
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