INFLUENCE OF A LOCAL EXCESS OF CALCIUM AND PHOSPHORUS ON THE HEALING OF FRACTURES: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

KEENE O. HALDEMAN; JOHN M. MOORE

doi:10.1001/archsurg.1934.01180030050004

HALDEMAN, KEENE O.;MOORE, JOHN M.

1934-09-01 00:00:00

Abstract As a result of recent advances in physiologic chemistry, many normal and pathologic processes are being considered from a chemical standpoint rather than anatomically or physiologically. Among these processes the formation of new bone in normal growth and in the repair of injury is receiving considerable attention. By certain writers, notably Leriche in France and Bancroft in this country, the process of ossification has been divorced from the influence of cells and is regarded as a purely chemical reaction which takes place extracellularly in the tissues around a fracture. Accompanying this changing view is the tendency to explain non-union on the basis of a general deficiency of calcium and phosphorus in the blood or a local deficiency of these elements at the site of the fracture. Hence some workers have attempted to influence the rate of healing of the bone by changing the concentration of calcium and phosphorus in the References 1. Shipley, P. G.; Kramer, B., and Howland, J.: Studies upon Calcification in Vitro , Biochem. J. 20:379, 1926. 2. Peterson, H. A.: A Clinical Study of Ununited Fractures with Special Reference to the Inorganic Bone-Forming Elements in the Blood Serum , J. Bone & Joint Surg. 6:885, 1924. 3. Tisdall, F. F., and Harris, R. I.: Calcium and Phosphorus Metabolism in Patients with Fractures , J. A. M. A. 79:884 ( (Sept. 9) ) 1922. 4. Henderson, M. S.; Noble, T. P., and Sandiford, K.: Ununited Fractures with Special Reference to the Chemistry of the Blood , J. Bone & Joint Surg. 8:607, 1926. 5. Ravdin, I. S., and Morrison, M. E.: Ossification After Fracture , Arch. Surg. 17:813 ( (Nov.) ) 1928. 6. Speed, K.: Blood Serum Calcium in Relation to the Healing of Fractures , J. Bone & Joint Surg. 13:58, 1931. 7. Dragstedt, C. A., and Kearns, J. E., Jr.: Experimental Study of Bone Repair: Effect of Thyro-Parathyroidectomy and of the Administration of Parathormone , Arch. Surg. 24:893 ( (June) ) 1932. 8. Stocker, H.: The Metabolism of Minerals and Its Relation to Internal Secretion in Fractures , Deutsche Ztschr. f. Chir. 231:714, 1931. 9. Albee, F. H., and Morrison, H. F.: Studies in Bone Growth: Triple Calcium Phosphate as a Stimulus to Osteogenesis , Ann. Surg. 71:32, 1920. 10. Eden, R.: Untersuchungen über Vorgange bei der Verknöckerung , Klin. Wchnschr. 2:1798, 1923. 11. Cretin, A.: Etudes sur la calcification normale , Gaz. d. hôp. 97:946, 1924. 12. Murray, C. R.: The Repair of Fractures , Minnesota Med. 13:137, 1930. 13. Rollo, S.: Injection of Calcium Salts into Tissues Adjacent to Fractures under Pathologic Conditions , Ann. ital. di chir. 10:1059, 1931. 14. Murray, C. R.: Delayed and Non-Union in Fractures in the Adult , Ann. Surg. 93:961, 1931. 15. Cotton, F. J.: Dislocations and Joint Fractures , ed. 2, Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders Company, 1924, p. 39. 16. Roscoe, H. E., and Schorlemmer, C.: Treatise on Chemistry , New York, The Macmillan Company, 1913, vol. 2, p. 557. 17. Bogert, L. J., and Hastings, A. B.: Calcium Salts of Bone , J. Biol. Chem. 94:473 ( (Dec.) ) 1931. 18. Shear, M. J., and Kramer, B.: Composition of Bone , J. Biol. Chem. 79:105, 1928.

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Archives of Surgery American Medical Association

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INFLUENCE OF A LOCAL EXCESS OF CALCIUM AND PHOSPHORUS ON THE HEALING OF FRACTURES: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

$Abstract As a result of recent advances in physiologic chemistry, many normal and pathologic processes are being considered from a chemical standpoint rather than anatomically or physiologically. Among these processes the formation of new bone in normal growth and in the repair of injury is receiving considerable attention. By certain writers, notably Leriche in France and Bancroft in this country, the process of ossification has been divorced from the influence of cells and is regarded as a purely chemical reaction which takes place extracellularly in the tissues around a fracture. Accompanying this changing view is the tendency to explain non-union on the basis of a general deficiency of calcium and phosphorus in the blood or a local deficiency of these elements at the site of the fracture. Hence some workers have attempted to influence the rate of healing of the bone by changing the concentration of calcium and phosphorus in the References 1. Shipley, P. G.; Kramer, B., and Howland, J.: Studies upon Calcification in Vitro , Biochem. J. 20:379, 1926. 2. Peterson, H. A.: A Clinical Study of Ununited Fractures with Special Reference to the Inorganic Bone-Forming Elements in the Blood Serum , J. Bone & Joint Surg. 6:885, 1924. 3. Tisdall, F. F., and Harris, R. I.: Calcium and Phosphorus Metabolism in Patients with Fractures , J. A. M. A. 79:884 ( (Sept. 9) ) 1922. 4. Henderson, M. S.; Noble, T. P., and Sandiford, K.: Ununited Fractures with Special Reference to the Chemistry of the Blood , J. Bone & Joint Surg. 8:607, 1926. 5. Ravdin, I. S., and Morrison, M. E.: Ossification After Fracture , Arch. Surg. 17:813 ( (Nov.) ) 1928. 6. Speed, K.: Blood Serum Calcium in Relation to the Healing of Fractures , J. Bone & Joint Surg. 13:58, 1931. 7. Dragstedt, C. A., and Kearns, J. E., Jr.: Experimental Study of Bone Repair: Effect of Thyro-Parathyroidectomy and of the Administration of Parathormone , Arch. Surg. 24:893 ( (June) ) 1932. 8. Stocker, H.: The Metabolism of Minerals and Its Relation to Internal Secretion in Fractures , Deutsche Ztschr. f. Chir. 231:714, 1931. 9. Albee, F. H., and Morrison, H. F.: Studies in Bone Growth: Triple Calcium Phosphate as a Stimulus to Osteogenesis , Ann. Surg. 71:32, 1920. 10. Eden, R.: Untersuchungen über Vorgange bei der Verknöckerung , Klin. Wchnschr. 2:1798, 1923. 11. Cretin, A.: Etudes sur la calcification normale , Gaz. d. hôp. 97:946, 1924. 12. Murray, C. R.: The Repair of Fractures , Minnesota Med. 13:137, 1930. 13. Rollo, S.: Injection of Calcium Salts into Tissues Adjacent to Fractures under Pathologic Conditions , Ann. ital. di chir. 10:1059, 1931. 14. Murray, C. R.: Delayed and Non-Union in Fractures in the Adult , Ann. Surg. 93:961, 1931. 15. Cotton, F. J.: Dislocations and Joint Fractures , ed. 2, Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders Company, 1924, p. 39. 16. Roscoe, H. E., and Schorlemmer, C.: Treatise on Chemistry , New York, The Macmillan Company, 1913, vol. 2, p. 557. 17. Bogert, L. J., and Hastings, A. B.: Calcium Salts of Bone , J. Biol. Chem. 94:473 ( (Dec.) ) 1931. 18. Shear, M. J., and Kramer, B.: Composition of Bone , J. Biol. Chem. 79:105, 1928.$

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INFLUENCE OF A LOCAL EXCESS OF CALCIUM AND PHOSPHORUS ON THE HEALING OF FRACTURES: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

INFLUENCE OF A LOCAL EXCESS OF CALCIUM AND PHOSPHORUS ON THE HEALING OF FRACTURES: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

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INFLUENCE OF A LOCAL EXCESS OF CALCIUM AND PHOSPHORUS ON THE HEALING OF FRACTURES: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

INFLUENCE OF A LOCAL EXCESS OF CALCIUM AND PHOSPHORUS ON THE HEALING OF FRACTURES: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

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