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THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PERICARDIUM IN RELATION TO SURGERY OF THE HEART

THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PERICARDIUM IN RELATION TO SURGERY OF THE HEART Abstract I. Introduction. II. History. III. Experiments and Comment. 1. The effect of mechanical trauma applied to the pericardium. 2. The effect of blood in the pericardial cavity. 3. The effect of hot salt solution applied to the heart and to the pericardium. 4. The effect of infection in the pericardial cavity. 5. The effect of tincture of iodin injected into the pericardial cavity. 6. The transplantation of fat into defects of the pericardium. 7. Heart tamponade. Report of two cases. 8. The effect of pericardiectomy. IV. Summary. I. INTRODUCTION Following any surgical procedure on the heart, important and sometimes serious sequelae may arise which involve the pericardium or which may be dependent on its presence. The most important of these sequelae are (1) a rapidly forming pericardial effusion which may lead to fatal tamponade, and (2) cardiopericardial adhesions which commonly follow the subsidence of the effusion. The significance of these References 1. Cutler, E. C.; Levine, S. A., and Beck, C. S.: The Surgical Treatment of Mitral Stenosis, Experimental and Clinical Studies , Arch. Surg. 9:689 ( (Nov.) ) 1924.Crossref 2. Beck, C. S., and Cutler, E. C.: A Cardiovalvulotome , J. Exper. Med. 40:375 ( (Sept.) ) 1924.Crossref 3. Riolan, J.: Encheiridium Anatomicum et Pathologicum Lugduni Batavorum, Ex Officina Adriani Wyngaerden, 1649, p. 206. 4. Senac: Traité de la Structure du Cœur , de son Action et de ses Maladies, Paris , 1:2, 1749. 5. Morgagni, J. B.: De Sedibus et Causis Morborum per Anatomen Indagatis, Lovanii, E. Typographica Academica, 1756, Tomus Primus, Epist. 16. 6. Corvisart, J. N.: Essai sur les Maladies Organiques du Cœur, Paris, 1806, p. 50 7. Essai sur les maladies et les lésions organiques du cœur et des gros vaisseaux , Ed. 2, Paris, 1811. 8. Laënnec: Traité de l'Auscultation Médicale et des Maladies du Poumon et du Cœur , Ed. 4, Paris, 7:410, 1819. 9. Desault: Oeuvre Chirurgie de Desault, Paris , Bichat , 2:304, 1798. 10. Larrey: Sur une Blessure du Péricarde Suivie d'Hydropéricarde , Bull. d. sc. méd. , 1810. 11. Larrey: Clin. chir., Paris , 2:291, 1829. 12. Baizeau: Mémoire sur le Ponction du Péricarde au Point de Vue Chirurgical , Gaz. de méd. et de chir. 1868, p. 565. 13. Günther: Lehre von den Blutigen Operation am Menschlichen Körper, Leipzig, 1861, p. 102. 14. Trousseau: Arch. gén. de méd. 2:519, 1854. 15. Kyber: Paracent. des Herzbeutels , Ztschr. Ruslands, Saint Petersburg , 21:161, 1847. 16. Hilsmann, F. H.: Ueber die Paracentese des Pericardiums, Inaugural Dissertation, Kiel, 1875. 17. Langenbeck, B.: Vorlesungen über Akiurgie, August Hirschwald, Berlin, 1888. 18. Trousseau, A., and Lasegue, C.: De la Paracentèse du Péricarde , Arch. gén. de méd. 2:513, 1854. 19. Roberts, J. B.: The Surgical Treatment of Suppurative Pericarditis , Tr. Am. Surg. A. 15:101, 1897. 20. West, S.: A Case of Purulent Pericarditis Treated by Paracentesis and by Free Incision with Recovery; the Statistics of Paracentesis Pericardii , Tr. Med. Chir. Soc. 67:235, 1883. 21. Delorme and Mignon: Sur la Ponction et l'Incision du Péricarde , Rev. de chir. 15:797, 1895. 22. Porter, C. B.: Suppurative Pericarditis and Its Surgical Treatment with an Analysis of Fifty-one Cases Reported in the Literature , Ann. Surg. 32:769, 1900.Crossref 23. Terrier, F., and Reymond, E.: Chirurgie du Cœur et du Péricarde, Paris Ancienne Libraire Germer Bailliere et Cie, 1898. 24. Dieulafoy, G.: A Treatise on the Pneumatic Aspiration of Morbid Fluids , Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott Company, 1873. 25. Rose, E.: Herz tamponade (Ein Beitrag zur Herzchirurgie) , Deutsch. Ztschr. f. Chir. 20:329, 1884.Crossref 26. Cohnheim, J.: Lectures on General Pathology , New Sydenham Soc. , 1:21, 1889. 27. Bloch, M. H.: Discussion , Verhandl. d. deutsch. Gesellsch. f. Chir., Eleventh Congress, Berlin , 1882, (Part 1) , p. 108. 28. Del Vecchio: Sutura del Cuore , Riforma med. 2:38, 1895. 29. Cappelen, A.: Vulnia Cordis, Sutur af Hjertet , Norsk Mag. f. Laegevidensk. 11:285, 1896. 30. Farina: Discussion , Centralbl. f. Chir. 23:1224, 1896. 31. Rehn, L.: Ueber Penetrierende Herzwunden und Herznaht , Arch. f. klin Chir. 55:315, 1897. 32. Tuffier, T.: La Chirurgie du Cœur, Cinquieme Congrès de la Soc. Int. de Chirurgie, Paris, July 19-23, 1920, Brussels, M. Hayez, 1921. 33. Fischer, G.: Die Wunden des Herzens , Arch. f. klin. Chir. 9:571, 1868. 34. Brauer, L.: Ueber Chronische Adhäsive Mediastino Pericarditis und deren Behandlung , München. med. Wchnschr. 49:1072, 1902 35. Die Kardiolysis und ihre Indicationen , Arch. f. klin. Chir. 71:258, 1903. 36. Delorme, E.: Sur un Traitement Chirurgical de la Symphyse Cardo-Péricardique , Gaz. d. hôp. 1898, No. (125) , p. 1150 37. De la Légitimité et de l'Opportunité de la Destruction des Adhérences Cardo-Péricardiques , Delorme Gaz. d. hôp. (125) 86:2269, 1913. 38. Wenckeback, K. F.: Beobachtungen bei Exsudativer und Adhäsiver Perikarditis , Ztschr. f. klin. Med. 71:402, 1910. 39. Emile-Weil, P., and Loiseleur: Contribution à l'Étude de la Péricardite Tuberculeuse; Insufflation d'Air dans le Pericarde; Pneumopéricarde et Hydropneumopéricarde Artificiels , Bull. et mém. Soc. méd. d. hôp. de Paris 40:1715, 1916. 40. Meyer, W.: A Case of Artificial Pneumocardium , Med. Rec. 93:38 ( (Feb. 2) ) 1918. 41. Castex, M. R.: La Pneumopéricarde Therapeutique , Bull. et mém. Soc. méd. de hôp. de Paris 47:545 ( (April 13) ) 1923. 42. Salmond, R. W. A.: Artificial Pneumopericardium , Arch. Radiol. & Electroth. 28:20 ( (June) ) 1923. 43. Oppenheimer, R. H.: Therapeutic Pneumocardium in Pericarditis with Effusion , J. A. M. A. 82:1685 ( (May 24) ) 1924. 44. A table was built which made it possible to take four roentgenograms on one plate, 11 by 14 inches. A large sheet of lead was bent to conform to the shape of the dog, and in it was cut a window, 5½ by 7 inches, so that the heart lay in a direct line from the window to the roentgen-ray target. A tray to contain the screen was built beneath the window so that the screen when shifted to the four cardinal positions would have all its surface exposed without overlapping and without waste of the film. 45. Rehn, L.: Zur Experimentellen Pathologie des Herzbeutels , Verhandl. d. deutsch. Gesellsch. f. Chir. , 1913, p. 339. 46. Klose, H.: Die Reine Synechie und der Plastische Ersatz des Herzbeutels , Arch. f. klin. Chir. 117:138, 1921. 47. Kuno, Yas: The Mechanical Effect of Fluid in the Pericardium on the Function of the Heart , J. Physiol. 51:221 ( (Sept.) ) 1917. 48. We are indebted to Dr. S. C. Harvey, professor of surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, for permission to report Case 1. 49. Ballance, C. A.: The Surgery of the Heart, Bradshaw Lecture, 1919 , New York, Macmillan Company, 1920. 50. Barnard, H. L.: The Functions of the Pericardium , J. Physiol. 22:43, 1898. 51. Kuno, Yas: The Significance of the Pericardium , J. Physiol. 50:1, 1915-1916. 52. Amerio, V.: Contributo Clinico-Sperimentale allo Studio delle Ferite del Pericardio . Atti d. XI. Cong. med. Internaz., Roma , 4:301, 1894. 53. Parlavecchio: Experimentelle Perikardiektomie und ihre Möglichen Therapeutischen Anwendungen , Deutsch. Ztschr. f. Chir. 98:126, 1909. 54. Mazzone, F.: Contributo Sperimentale alla Pericardiectomia , Centralbl. f. Chir. 39:1046, 1912. 55. Yamada, M.: Ueber die Bedeutung des Perikardiums , Mitt. a. d. med. Fakult. d. k. Univ. zu Tokyo 16:527 ( (Feb.) ) 1917. 56. A tank 5 feet square and 4 feet deep was constructed. By horizontal traction on the tail, the dog could be made to swim continuosly in the center of the tank. 57. Duval, P., and Barasty, P.: De la Péricardotomie Thoraco-abdominale Mediane (Chirurgie du Cœur et des Grands Vasseaux de la Base) , Presse méd. 26:437 ( (Aug. 29) ) 1918. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Archives of Surgery American Medical Association

THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PERICARDIUM IN RELATION TO SURGERY OF THE HEART

Archives of Surgery , Volume 11 (4) – Oct 1, 1925

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References (46)

Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1925 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0004-0010
eISSN
1538-3644
DOI
10.1001/archsurg.1925.01120160063004
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Abstract

Abstract I. Introduction. II. History. III. Experiments and Comment. 1. The effect of mechanical trauma applied to the pericardium. 2. The effect of blood in the pericardial cavity. 3. The effect of hot salt solution applied to the heart and to the pericardium. 4. The effect of infection in the pericardial cavity. 5. The effect of tincture of iodin injected into the pericardial cavity. 6. The transplantation of fat into defects of the pericardium. 7. Heart tamponade. Report of two cases. 8. The effect of pericardiectomy. IV. Summary. I. INTRODUCTION Following any surgical procedure on the heart, important and sometimes serious sequelae may arise which involve the pericardium or which may be dependent on its presence. The most important of these sequelae are (1) a rapidly forming pericardial effusion which may lead to fatal tamponade, and (2) cardiopericardial adhesions which commonly follow the subsidence of the effusion. The significance of these References 1. Cutler, E. C.; Levine, S. A., and Beck, C. S.: The Surgical Treatment of Mitral Stenosis, Experimental and Clinical Studies , Arch. Surg. 9:689 ( (Nov.) ) 1924.Crossref 2. Beck, C. S., and Cutler, E. C.: A Cardiovalvulotome , J. Exper. Med. 40:375 ( (Sept.) ) 1924.Crossref 3. Riolan, J.: Encheiridium Anatomicum et Pathologicum Lugduni Batavorum, Ex Officina Adriani Wyngaerden, 1649, p. 206. 4. Senac: Traité de la Structure du Cœur , de son Action et de ses Maladies, Paris , 1:2, 1749. 5. Morgagni, J. B.: De Sedibus et Causis Morborum per Anatomen Indagatis, Lovanii, E. Typographica Academica, 1756, Tomus Primus, Epist. 16. 6. Corvisart, J. N.: Essai sur les Maladies Organiques du Cœur, Paris, 1806, p. 50 7. Essai sur les maladies et les lésions organiques du cœur et des gros vaisseaux , Ed. 2, Paris, 1811. 8. Laënnec: Traité de l'Auscultation Médicale et des Maladies du Poumon et du Cœur , Ed. 4, Paris, 7:410, 1819. 9. Desault: Oeuvre Chirurgie de Desault, Paris , Bichat , 2:304, 1798. 10. Larrey: Sur une Blessure du Péricarde Suivie d'Hydropéricarde , Bull. d. sc. méd. , 1810. 11. Larrey: Clin. chir., Paris , 2:291, 1829. 12. Baizeau: Mémoire sur le Ponction du Péricarde au Point de Vue Chirurgical , Gaz. de méd. et de chir. 1868, p. 565. 13. Günther: Lehre von den Blutigen Operation am Menschlichen Körper, Leipzig, 1861, p. 102. 14. Trousseau: Arch. gén. de méd. 2:519, 1854. 15. Kyber: Paracent. des Herzbeutels , Ztschr. Ruslands, Saint Petersburg , 21:161, 1847. 16. Hilsmann, F. H.: Ueber die Paracentese des Pericardiums, Inaugural Dissertation, Kiel, 1875. 17. Langenbeck, B.: Vorlesungen über Akiurgie, August Hirschwald, Berlin, 1888. 18. Trousseau, A., and Lasegue, C.: De la Paracentèse du Péricarde , Arch. gén. de méd. 2:513, 1854. 19. Roberts, J. B.: The Surgical Treatment of Suppurative Pericarditis , Tr. Am. Surg. A. 15:101, 1897. 20. West, S.: A Case of Purulent Pericarditis Treated by Paracentesis and by Free Incision with Recovery; the Statistics of Paracentesis Pericardii , Tr. Med. Chir. Soc. 67:235, 1883. 21. Delorme and Mignon: Sur la Ponction et l'Incision du Péricarde , Rev. de chir. 15:797, 1895. 22. Porter, C. B.: Suppurative Pericarditis and Its Surgical Treatment with an Analysis of Fifty-one Cases Reported in the Literature , Ann. Surg. 32:769, 1900.Crossref 23. Terrier, F., and Reymond, E.: Chirurgie du Cœur et du Péricarde, Paris Ancienne Libraire Germer Bailliere et Cie, 1898. 24. Dieulafoy, G.: A Treatise on the Pneumatic Aspiration of Morbid Fluids , Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott Company, 1873. 25. Rose, E.: Herz tamponade (Ein Beitrag zur Herzchirurgie) , Deutsch. Ztschr. f. Chir. 20:329, 1884.Crossref 26. Cohnheim, J.: Lectures on General Pathology , New Sydenham Soc. , 1:21, 1889. 27. Bloch, M. H.: Discussion , Verhandl. d. deutsch. Gesellsch. f. Chir., Eleventh Congress, Berlin , 1882, (Part 1) , p. 108. 28. Del Vecchio: Sutura del Cuore , Riforma med. 2:38, 1895. 29. Cappelen, A.: Vulnia Cordis, Sutur af Hjertet , Norsk Mag. f. Laegevidensk. 11:285, 1896. 30. Farina: Discussion , Centralbl. f. Chir. 23:1224, 1896. 31. Rehn, L.: Ueber Penetrierende Herzwunden und Herznaht , Arch. f. klin Chir. 55:315, 1897. 32. Tuffier, T.: La Chirurgie du Cœur, Cinquieme Congrès de la Soc. Int. de Chirurgie, Paris, July 19-23, 1920, Brussels, M. Hayez, 1921. 33. Fischer, G.: Die Wunden des Herzens , Arch. f. klin. Chir. 9:571, 1868. 34. Brauer, L.: Ueber Chronische Adhäsive Mediastino Pericarditis und deren Behandlung , München. med. Wchnschr. 49:1072, 1902 35. Die Kardiolysis und ihre Indicationen , Arch. f. klin. Chir. 71:258, 1903. 36. Delorme, E.: Sur un Traitement Chirurgical de la Symphyse Cardo-Péricardique , Gaz. d. hôp. 1898, No. (125) , p. 1150 37. De la Légitimité et de l'Opportunité de la Destruction des Adhérences Cardo-Péricardiques , Delorme Gaz. d. hôp. (125) 86:2269, 1913. 38. Wenckeback, K. F.: Beobachtungen bei Exsudativer und Adhäsiver Perikarditis , Ztschr. f. klin. Med. 71:402, 1910. 39. Emile-Weil, P., and Loiseleur: Contribution à l'Étude de la Péricardite Tuberculeuse; Insufflation d'Air dans le Pericarde; Pneumopéricarde et Hydropneumopéricarde Artificiels , Bull. et mém. Soc. méd. d. hôp. de Paris 40:1715, 1916. 40. Meyer, W.: A Case of Artificial Pneumocardium , Med. Rec. 93:38 ( (Feb. 2) ) 1918. 41. Castex, M. R.: La Pneumopéricarde Therapeutique , Bull. et mém. Soc. méd. de hôp. de Paris 47:545 ( (April 13) ) 1923. 42. Salmond, R. W. A.: Artificial Pneumopericardium , Arch. Radiol. & Electroth. 28:20 ( (June) ) 1923. 43. Oppenheimer, R. H.: Therapeutic Pneumocardium in Pericarditis with Effusion , J. A. M. A. 82:1685 ( (May 24) ) 1924. 44. A table was built which made it possible to take four roentgenograms on one plate, 11 by 14 inches. A large sheet of lead was bent to conform to the shape of the dog, and in it was cut a window, 5½ by 7 inches, so that the heart lay in a direct line from the window to the roentgen-ray target. A tray to contain the screen was built beneath the window so that the screen when shifted to the four cardinal positions would have all its surface exposed without overlapping and without waste of the film. 45. Rehn, L.: Zur Experimentellen Pathologie des Herzbeutels , Verhandl. d. deutsch. Gesellsch. f. Chir. , 1913, p. 339. 46. Klose, H.: Die Reine Synechie und der Plastische Ersatz des Herzbeutels , Arch. f. klin. Chir. 117:138, 1921. 47. Kuno, Yas: The Mechanical Effect of Fluid in the Pericardium on the Function of the Heart , J. Physiol. 51:221 ( (Sept.) ) 1917. 48. We are indebted to Dr. S. C. Harvey, professor of surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, for permission to report Case 1. 49. Ballance, C. A.: The Surgery of the Heart, Bradshaw Lecture, 1919 , New York, Macmillan Company, 1920. 50. Barnard, H. L.: The Functions of the Pericardium , J. Physiol. 22:43, 1898. 51. Kuno, Yas: The Significance of the Pericardium , J. Physiol. 50:1, 1915-1916. 52. Amerio, V.: Contributo Clinico-Sperimentale allo Studio delle Ferite del Pericardio . Atti d. XI. Cong. med. Internaz., Roma , 4:301, 1894. 53. Parlavecchio: Experimentelle Perikardiektomie und ihre Möglichen Therapeutischen Anwendungen , Deutsch. Ztschr. f. Chir. 98:126, 1909. 54. Mazzone, F.: Contributo Sperimentale alla Pericardiectomia , Centralbl. f. Chir. 39:1046, 1912. 55. Yamada, M.: Ueber die Bedeutung des Perikardiums , Mitt. a. d. med. Fakult. d. k. Univ. zu Tokyo 16:527 ( (Feb.) ) 1917. 56. A tank 5 feet square and 4 feet deep was constructed. By horizontal traction on the tail, the dog could be made to swim continuosly in the center of the tank. 57. Duval, P., and Barasty, P.: De la Péricardotomie Thoraco-abdominale Mediane (Chirurgie du Cœur et des Grands Vasseaux de la Base) , Presse méd. 26:437 ( (Aug. 29) ) 1918.

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Archives of SurgeryAmerican Medical Association

Published: Oct 1, 1925

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