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J. Brook, Irving Lukoff, M. Whiteman (1977)
Peer, Family, and Personality Domains as Related to Adolescents' Drug BehaviorPsychological Reports, 41
J. Orcutt (1978)
Normative Definitions of Intoxicated States: A Test of Several Sociological TheoriesSocial Problems, 25
R. Smart, G. Gray, C. Bennett (1978)
Predictors of drinking and signs of heavy drinking among high school students.The International journal of the addictions, 13 7
D. Kandel (1978)
Similarity in Real-Life Adolescent Friendship Pairs.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 36
D. Kandel (1982)
Epidemiological and psychosocial perspectives on adolescent drug use.Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 21 4
J. Bachman, L. Johnston, P. O'Malley (1981)
Smoking, drinking, and drug use among American high school students: correlates and trends, 1975-1979.American journal of public health, 71 1
Miller J Cisin I (1983)
The National Household Survey on Drug Abuse 1982
Kandel D (1980)
Annual Review of Sociology, 6
Kandel D (1978)
Similarity in real life adolescent friendship pairsJ Adolesc Personality Soc Psychol, 36
R. Jessor, J. Chase, J. Donovan (1980)
Psychosocial correlates of marijuana use and problem drinking in a national sample of adolescents.American journal of public health, 70 6
E. Suchman (1968)
The "hang-loose" ethic and the spirit of drug use.Journal of health and social behavior, 9 2
O'Malley PM Bachman JG (1981)
Changes in Drug Use After High School as a Function of Role Status and Social Environment
Jessor SL Jessor R (1977)
Problem Behavior and Psychosocial Development
G. Huba, P. Bentler (1980)
The role of peer and adult models for drug taking at different stages in adolescenceJournal of Youth and Adolescence, 9
Logan JA Kandel D
Periods of risk for initiation, stabilization and decline in drug use from adolescence to early adulthoodAm J Public Health
D. Kandel (1980)
Drug and Drinking Behavior Among YouthReview of Sociology, 6
D. Kandel (1975)
Stages in adolescent involvement in drug useScience, 190
Cisin I Miller JD (1978)
Highlights From the National Survey on Drug Abuse: 1977
H. Nowlis (1969)
Student Drug Use.
D. Kandel, R. Kessler, R. Margulies (1978)
Antecedents of adolescent initiation into stages of drug use: A developmental analysisJournal of Youth and Adolescence, 7
J. O'donnell, H. Voss, R. Clayton, G. Slatin, R. Room (1976)
Young Men and Drugs--A Nationwide Survey: NIDA Research Monograph 5: (497472006-001)
Johnston LD Bachman JG (1982)
Monitoring the Future: Questionnaire Responses From the Nation's High School Seniors: 1981
R. Clayton, H. Voss (1977)
Shacking Up: Cohabitation in the 1970s.Journal of Marriage and Family, 39
Abelson H Fishburne P (1980)
The National Survey on Drug Abuse Main Findings 1979
J. Donovan, R. Jessor (1983)
Problem drinking and the dimension of involvement with drugs: a Guttman scalogram analysis of adolescent drug use.American journal of public health, 73 5
L. Johnston (1980)
Highlights from Student Drug Use in America 1975-1980.
J. Wingard, G. Huba, P. Bentler (1979)
The Relationship Of Personality Structure To Patterns Of Adolescent Substance Use.Multivariate behavioral research, 14 2
E. Single, D. Kandel, R. Faust (1974)
Patterns of multiple drug use in high school.Journal of health and social behavior, 15 4
Treiman D Kandel D (1976)
Adolescent involvement in illicit drug use: A multiple classification analysisSoc Forces, 55
(1982)
The family versus drug cultureFocus Alcohol Drug Issues, 5
Voss HL O'Donnell J (1976)
Young Men and Drugs—A Nationwide Survey
D. Kandel (1978)
Homophily, Selection, and Socialization in Adolescent FriendshipsAmerican Journal of Sociology, 84
Jessor R (1979)
Handbook on Drug Abuse
Kessler RC Kandel DB (1978)
Longitudinal Research in Drug Use: Empirical Findings and Methodological Issues
D. Kandel, V. Raveis, J. Logan (1983)
Sex Differences in the Characteristics of Members Lost to a Longitudinal Panel: A Speculative Research NotePublic Opinion Quarterly, 47
R. Akers, M. Krohn, L. Lanza-Kaduce, M. Radosevich (1979)
Social learning and deviant behavior: a specific test of a general theory.American sociological review, 44 4
D. Kandel, D. Treiman, R. Faust, E. Single (1976)
Adolescent Involvement in Legal and Illegal Drug Use: A Multiple Classification AnalysisSocial Forces, 55
Abstract • Striking differences appeared among 1,325 young adults aged 24 to 25 years depending on their marijuana use. Differences increased with involvement, although no threshold appeared at any particular level. Marijuana users were characterized by higher use of other substances, membership in networks of marijuana users, lower participation and greater instability in conventional roles of adulthood, history of psychiatric hospitalization and lower psychological well-being, and participation in deviant activities. Involvement with marijuana-using friends and use by spouse or partner, as well as use of other illicit drugs, were important predictors of current marijuana involvement. In young adulthood, as in adolescence, marijuana use is embedded in a social context favorable to its use and is associated with disaffection from social institutions. The social and psychological correlates of marijuana use are similar in young adulthood and adolescence and have remained unchanged over the last decade. References 1. Fishburne P, Abelson H, Cisin I: The National Survey on Drug Abuse Main Findings 1979 . Rockville, Md, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 1980. 2. Cisin I, Miller J, Abelson H: The National Household Survey on Drug Abuse 1982 . Rockville, Md, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 1983. 3. Kandel D, Logan JA: Periods of risk for initiation, stabilization and decline in drug use from adolescence to early adulthood . Am J Public Health , in press. 4. Bachman JG, Johnston LD, O'Malley PM: Smoking, drinking, and drug use among American high school students: Correlates and trends, 1975-1979 . Am J Public Health 1981;71:59-69.Crossref 5. Jessor R: Marihuana: A review of recent psychosocial research , in Dupont R, Goldstein A, O'Donnell J (eds): Handbook on Drug Abuse . Washington, DC: National Institute on Drug Abuse, 1979, pp 337-354. 6. Bachman JG, Johnston LD, O'Malley PM: Monitoring the Future: Questionnaire Responses From the Nation's High School Seniors: 1981 . Ann Arbor, Mich, University of Michigan, 1982. 7. Kandel D: Epidemiological and psychosocial perspectives on adolescent drug use . J Am Acad Child Psychiatry 1982;21:328-347.Crossref 8. Kandel D: Drug and drinking behavior among youth , in Coleman J, Inkeles A, Smelser N (eds): Annual Review of Sociology . Palo Alto, Calif, Annual Reviews, 1980, vol 6, pp 235-285. 9. Akers RL, Krohn MD, Lanza-Kaduce L, Radosevich N: Social learning and deviant behavior: A specific test of a general theory . Am Sociol Rev 1979;44:635-655.Crossref 10. O'Donnell J, Voss HL, Clayton RR, Slatin GT, Room RG: Young Men and Drugs—A Nationwide Survey , research monograph 5. Rockville, Md, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 1976. 11. Bachman JG, O'Malley PM, Johnston LD: Changes in Drug Use After High School as a Function of Role Status and Social Environment . Ann Arbor, Mich, University of Michigan, Institute for Survey Research, 1981. 12. Suchman EA: The 'hang-loose' ethic and the spirit of drug use . J Health Soc Behav 1968;9:146-155.Crossref 13. Miller JD, Cisin I, Harrell A: Highlights From the National Survey on Drug Abuse: 1977 . Washington, DC, George Washington University Social Research Group, 1978. 14. Kandel D, Raveis V, Logan JA: Sex differences in the characteristics of members lost to a longitudinal panel: A speculative research note . Public Opinion Q 1983;47:568-576.Crossref 15. Single E, Kandel D, Faust R: Patterns of multiple drug use in high school . J Health Soc Behav 1974;15:344-357.Crossref 16. Johnston L: Student Drug Use . Ann Arbor, Mich, Institute of Social Research,1973. 17. Clayton RR, Voss HL: Shaking up: Cohabitation in the 1970s . J Marriage Family 1977;39:273-283.Crossref 18. Does College Pay? Wage Rates Before and After Leaving School. US Dept of Education, 1982. 19. Kandel D: Stages in adolescent involvement in drug use . Science 1975;190:912-914.Crossref 20. Donovan JE, Jessor R: Problem drinking and the dimension of involvement with drugs: A Guttman scalogram analysis of adolescent drug use . Am J Public Health 1983;73:543-552.Crossref 21. Kandel DB, Kessler RC, Margulies RZ: Antecedents of adolescent initiation into stages of drug use: A developmental analysis , in Kandel DB (ed): Longitudinal Research in Drug Use: Empirical Findings and Methodological Issues . Washington, DC, Hemisphere Publishing Corp, 1978, chap 3. 22. Jessor R, Chase JA, Donovan JE: Psychosocial correlates of marijuana use and problem drinking in a national sample of adolescents . Am J Public Health 1980;70:604-613.Crossref 23. Jessor R, Jessor SL: Problem Behavior and Psychosocial Development . New York, Academic Press Inc, 1977. 24. Kandel D, Treiman D, Faust R, Single E: Adolescent involvement in illicit drug use: A multiple classification analysis . Soc Forces 1976;55:438-458.Crossref 25. Wingard JA, Huba GJ, Bentler PM: The relationship of personality structure to patterns of adolescent substance use . Multivar Behav Res 1979;14:131-143.Crossref 26. The family versus drug culture . Focus Alcohol Drug Issues 1982;5:17-18. 27. Brook JS, Lukoff IF, Whiteman M: Peer, family and personality domains as related to adolescent's drug behavior . Psychol Rep 1977;41:1095-1102.Crossref 28. Huba GJ, Bentler PM: The role of peer and adult models for drug taking at different stages in adolescence . J Youth Adolesc 1980;9:449-465.Crossref 29. Kandel D: Similarity in real life adolescent friendship pairs . J Adolesc Personality Soc Psychol 1978;36:306-312.Crossref 30. Kandel D: Homophily, selection and socialization in adolescent friendships . Am J Sociol 1978;84:427-436.Crossref 31. Orcutt J: Normative definitions of intoxicated states: A test of several sociological theories . Soc Probl 1978;4:385-396.Crossref 32. Smart RG, Gray G, Bennett C: Predictors of drinking and signs of heavy drinking among high school students . Int J Addict 1978;13:1079-1094. 33. Johnston LD, Bachman JG, O'Malley PM: Highlights From Student Drug Use in America 1975-1981 . Rockville, Md, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 1981.
Archives of General Psychiatry – American Medical Association
Published: Feb 1, 1984
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