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Influenza Type A and B Infections in Hospitalized Pediatric Patients: Who Should Be Immunized?

Influenza Type A and B Infections in Hospitalized Pediatric Patients: Who Should Be Immunized? Abstract • Medical records of 99 hospitalized pediatric patients whose respiratory viral cultures yielded influenza type A or B during the winter of 1988/1989 were reviewed. We compared the records of patients considered to be at high risk (n = 43) with those of patients considered to be at low risk (n = 56) to determine differences in morbidity and mortality and if vaccination was warranted. Sixty-six percent of highrisk patients had chronic pulmonary disease. Forty-four percent of the high-risk and 11% of the low-risk patients were hospitalized for 14 or more days. Nosocomial influenza infections were identified in 14% of the high-risk and 4% of the low-risk patients. Four of the high-risk patients and only one of the low-risk patients were intubated. Of the three deaths, two occurred in the high-risk group. None of the high-risk patients who experienced significant morbidity had been immunized. We need to immunize high-risk patients, particularly high-risk pulmonary patients. (AJDC. 1991;145:623-626) References 1. American Academy of Pediatrics. Influenza Infection in the Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases . Elk Grove Village, Ill: American Academy of Pediatrics; 1988:243-251. 2. Immunization Practices Advisory Committee. Prevention and control of influenza . MMWR . 1988;37:361-373. 3. Hall CB. Influenza: a shot or not? Pediatrics . 1987;79:564-566. 4. Glezen WP, Couch RB. Interpandemic influenza in the Houston area . N Engl J Med. 1978;298:587-592.Crossref 5. Wright PF, Ross KB, Thompson J, Karzon DT. Influenza A infections in young children . N Engl J Med. 1977;296:829-834.Crossref 6. Glezen WP. The pediatrician's role in influenza control . Pediatr Infect Dis. 1986;5:615-618.Crossref 7. Glezen WP. Serious morbidity and mortality associated with influenza epidemics . Epidemiol Rev. 1982;4:25-44. 8. Glezen WP. Consideration of the risk of influenza in children and indications for prophylaxis . Rev Infect Dis. 1980;2:408-420.Crossref 9. Brocklebank JT, Court SMD, McQuillin J, Gardner PS. Influenza A infection in children . Lancet . 1972;2:497-500.Crossref 10. Liou YS, Barbour SD, Bell LM, Plokin SA. Children hospitalized with influenza B infection . Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1987;6:541-543.Crossref 11. Mullooly JP, Barker WH. Impact of type A influenza on children: a retrospective study . Am J Public Health . 1982;72:1008-1016.Crossref 12. Kempe A, Hall CB, Macdonald NE, et al. Influenza in children with cancer . J Pediatr. 1989;115:33-39.Crossref 13. Glezen WP, Decker M, Perrotta DM. Survey of underlying conditions of persons hospitalized with acute respiratory disease during influenza epidemics in Houston 1978-1981 . Am Rev Respir Dis. 1987;136:550-555.Crossref 14. Kendal AP. Epidemiologic implications of changes in the influenza virus genome . Am J Med. 1987;82( (suppl 6A) ):4-14.Crossref 15. Corey L, Rubin RJ, Hatwick MNW, Noble GR, Cassidy E. A nationwide outbreak of Reye's syndrome: its epidemiologic relationship to influenza B . Am J Med. 1976;61:615-625.Crossref 16. Reynolds DW, Riley HD, LaFont DS, Vorse H, Stout C, Carpenter RL. An outbreak of Reye's syndrome associated with influenza B . J Pediatr. 1972;80:429-432.Crossref 17. Immunization Practices Advisory Committee. Prevention and control of influenza: recommendations of the Immunization Practices Advisory Committee . MMWR . 1988;37:361-373. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png American Journal of Diseases of Children American Medical Association

Influenza Type A and B Infections in Hospitalized Pediatric Patients: Who Should Be Immunized?

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References (20)

Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1991 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0002-922X
DOI
10.1001/archpedi.1991.02160060041017
Publisher site
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Abstract

Abstract • Medical records of 99 hospitalized pediatric patients whose respiratory viral cultures yielded influenza type A or B during the winter of 1988/1989 were reviewed. We compared the records of patients considered to be at high risk (n = 43) with those of patients considered to be at low risk (n = 56) to determine differences in morbidity and mortality and if vaccination was warranted. Sixty-six percent of highrisk patients had chronic pulmonary disease. Forty-four percent of the high-risk and 11% of the low-risk patients were hospitalized for 14 or more days. Nosocomial influenza infections were identified in 14% of the high-risk and 4% of the low-risk patients. Four of the high-risk patients and only one of the low-risk patients were intubated. Of the three deaths, two occurred in the high-risk group. None of the high-risk patients who experienced significant morbidity had been immunized. We need to immunize high-risk patients, particularly high-risk pulmonary patients. (AJDC. 1991;145:623-626) References 1. American Academy of Pediatrics. Influenza Infection in the Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases . Elk Grove Village, Ill: American Academy of Pediatrics; 1988:243-251. 2. Immunization Practices Advisory Committee. Prevention and control of influenza . MMWR . 1988;37:361-373. 3. Hall CB. Influenza: a shot or not? Pediatrics . 1987;79:564-566. 4. Glezen WP, Couch RB. Interpandemic influenza in the Houston area . N Engl J Med. 1978;298:587-592.Crossref 5. Wright PF, Ross KB, Thompson J, Karzon DT. Influenza A infections in young children . N Engl J Med. 1977;296:829-834.Crossref 6. Glezen WP. The pediatrician's role in influenza control . Pediatr Infect Dis. 1986;5:615-618.Crossref 7. Glezen WP. Serious morbidity and mortality associated with influenza epidemics . Epidemiol Rev. 1982;4:25-44. 8. Glezen WP. Consideration of the risk of influenza in children and indications for prophylaxis . Rev Infect Dis. 1980;2:408-420.Crossref 9. Brocklebank JT, Court SMD, McQuillin J, Gardner PS. Influenza A infection in children . Lancet . 1972;2:497-500.Crossref 10. Liou YS, Barbour SD, Bell LM, Plokin SA. Children hospitalized with influenza B infection . Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1987;6:541-543.Crossref 11. Mullooly JP, Barker WH. Impact of type A influenza on children: a retrospective study . Am J Public Health . 1982;72:1008-1016.Crossref 12. Kempe A, Hall CB, Macdonald NE, et al. Influenza in children with cancer . J Pediatr. 1989;115:33-39.Crossref 13. Glezen WP, Decker M, Perrotta DM. Survey of underlying conditions of persons hospitalized with acute respiratory disease during influenza epidemics in Houston 1978-1981 . Am Rev Respir Dis. 1987;136:550-555.Crossref 14. Kendal AP. Epidemiologic implications of changes in the influenza virus genome . Am J Med. 1987;82( (suppl 6A) ):4-14.Crossref 15. Corey L, Rubin RJ, Hatwick MNW, Noble GR, Cassidy E. A nationwide outbreak of Reye's syndrome: its epidemiologic relationship to influenza B . Am J Med. 1976;61:615-625.Crossref 16. Reynolds DW, Riley HD, LaFont DS, Vorse H, Stout C, Carpenter RL. An outbreak of Reye's syndrome associated with influenza B . J Pediatr. 1972;80:429-432.Crossref 17. Immunization Practices Advisory Committee. Prevention and control of influenza: recommendations of the Immunization Practices Advisory Committee . MMWR . 1988;37:361-373.

Journal

American Journal of Diseases of Children – American Medical Association

Published: Jun 1, 1991

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