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Jastak J (1946)
Wide Range Achievement Test
H. Kirkman (1982)
Projections of a rebound in frequency of mental retardation from phenylketonuria.Applied research in mental retardation, 3 3
Güttler F Lou HC (1985)
Decreased vigilance and neurotransmitter synthesis after discontinuation of dietary treatment for phenylketonuria in adolescentsEur J Pediatr, 144
K. Michals, M. Dominik, V. Schuett, E. Brown, R. Matalon (1985)
Return to diet therapy in patients with phenylketonuria.The Journal of pediatrics, 106 6
Azen C Koch R (1987)
The effects of diet discontinuation in children with phenylketonuriaEur J Pediatr, 146
I. Smith, M. Lobascher, J. Stevenson, O. Wolff, H. Schmidt, S. Grubel-Kaiser, H. Bickel (1978)
Effect of stopping low-phenylalanine diet on intellectual progress of children with phenylketonuria.British Medical Journal, 2
Halminski M Krause W (1985)
Biochemical and neuropsychological effects of elevated plasma phenylalanine in patients with treated phenylketonuriaJ Clin Invest, 75
Schnell RR Waisbren SE (1980)
Diet termination in children with phenylketonuria: a review of psychological assessments used to determine outcomeJ Inherited Metab Dis, 3
S. Waisbren, B. Mahon, R. Schnell, H. Levy (1987)
Predictors of intelligence quotient and intelligence quotient change in persons treated for phenylketonuria early in life.Pediatrics, 79 3
R. Lenke, H. Levy (1980)
Maternal phenylketonuria and hyperphenylalaninemia. An international survey of the outcome of untreated and treated pregnancies.The New England journal of medicine, 303 21
Kiely B Naughten ER (1987)
Phenylketonuria: outcome and problems in a "diet-for-life" clinicEur J Pediatr, 146
Flynn JR (1985)
Wechsler intelligence tests: do we really have a criterion for mental retardation?Am J Ment Defic, 90
Lobascher ME Smith I (1978)
Effect of stopping low-phenylalanine diet on intellectual progress of children with phenylketonuriaBMJ, 2
Thorndike RL (1972)
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale 1972 Norms, Tables, Form LM
SAS Institute Inc (1985)
SAS User's Guide: Statistics
Duczynska N Cabalska B (1977)
Termination of dietary treatment in phenylketonuriaEur J Pediatr, 126
Wechsler D (1955)
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
K. Fishler, C. Azen, R. Henderson, E. Friedman, R. Koch (1987)
Psychoeducational findings among children treated for phenylketonuria.American journal of mental deficiency, 92 1
Friedman EG Koch R (1986)
Maternal phenylketonuriaJ Inherited Metab Dis, 9
N. Holtzman, R. Kronmal, W. Doorninck, C. Azen, R. Koch (1986)
Effect of age at loss of dietary control on intellectual performance and behavior of children with phenylketonuria.The New England journal of medicine, 314 10
Azen C Koch R (1984)
Paired comparisons between early treated PKU children and their matched sibling controls on intelligence and school achievement test results at eight years of ageJ Inherited Metab Dis, 7
M. Williamson, J. Dobson, R. Koch (1977)
Collaborative study of children treated for phenylketonuria: study design.Pediatrics, 60 6
W. Dixon, Morton Brown, L. Engelman, J. Frane, M. Hill, R. Jennrich, J. Toporek (1985)
BMDP Statistical Software : 1985 Printing
R. Koch, C. Azen, E. Friedman, M. Williamson (1982)
Preliminary report on the effects of diet discontinuation in PKU.The Journal of pediatrics, 100 6
B. Pennington, W. Doorninck, L. Mccabe, E. McCabe (1985)
Neuropsychological deficits in early treated phenylketonuric children.American journal of mental deficiency, 89 5
Mahle M Schmidt H (1987)
Continuation vs discontinuation of low-phenylalanine diet in PKU adolescentsEur J Pediatr, 146
W. Krause, M. Halminski, L. McDonald, P. Dembure, R. Salvo, D. Freides, L. Elsas (1985)
Biochemical and neuropsychological effects of elevated plasma phenylalanine in patients with treated phenylketonuria. A model for the study of phenylalanine and brain function in man.The Journal of clinical investigation, 75 1
Malcolm Williamson, Richard Koch, Colleen Azen, Christina Chang (1981)
Correlates of intelligence test results in treated phenylketonuric children.Pediatrics, 68 2
Wechsler D (1974)
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised
Rey F Saudubray JM (1987)
Intellectual and school performance in early-treated classical PKU patients: the French collaborative studyEur J Pediatr, 146
Abstract • Intelligence and achievement test scores were evaluated for 95 12-year-old children with phenylketonuria who had begun dietary therapy during the neonatal period. Dietary control of blood phenylalanine below 900 μmol/L was maintained beyond age 10 years in 23 children; 72 others had blood phenylalanine persistently above that level at ages ranging from 18 months to 10 years. Test scores at age 12 years were negatively correlated with the age at initiation of diet and with blood phenylalanine levels from ages 4 to 10 years, and positively correlated with parent IQ scores and the age at loss of dietary control. Children who maintained phenylalanine levels below 900 μmol/L beyond age 10 years showed no deficits in test scores, except for arithmetic, the scores of which declined between ages 6 and 12 years in 90% of the children in this study. These data strongly support a recommendation that dietary restriction of phenylalanine should be maintained through adolescence. (AJDC. 1991;145:35-39) References 1. Cabalska B, Duczynska N, Borzymowska J, Zorska, K, Koslacz-Folga A, Bozkowa K. Termination of dietary treatment in phenylketonuria . Eur J Pediatr . 1977;126:253-262.Crossref 2. Smith I, Lobascher ME, Stevenson JE, et al. Effect of stopping low-phenylalanine diet on intellectual progress of children with phenylketonuria . BMJ . 1978;2:723-726.Crossref 3. Waisbren SE, Schnell RR, Levy HL. Diet termination in children with phenylketonuria: a review of psychological assessments used to determine outcome . J Inherited Metab Dis . 1980;3:149-153.Crossref 4. Holtzman NA, Kronmal RA, van Doorninck W, Azen C, Koch R. Effect of age at loss of dietary control on intellectual performance and behavior of children with phenylketonuria . N Engl J Med . 1986;314:593-598.Crossref 5. Fishler K, Azen C, Henderson R, Friedman EG, Koch R. Psychoeducational findings among children treated for phenylketonuria . Am J Ment Defic . 1987;92:65-73. 6. 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Decreased vigilance and neurotransmitter synthesis after discontinuation of dietary treatment for phenylketonuria in adolescents . Eur J Pediatr . 1985; 144:17-20.Crossref 25. Lenke RR, Levy HL. Maternal phenylketonuria and hyperphenylalaninemia: an international survey of the outcome of untreated and treated pregnancies . N Engl J Med . 1980;303:1202-1208.Crossref 26. Kirkman NH. Projections of a rebound in frequency of mental retardation from phenylketonuria . Appl Res Ment Retard . 1982;3:319-328.Crossref 27. Koch R, Friedman EG, Wenz E, Jew K, Crowley C, Donnell GN. Maternal phenylketonuria . J Inherited Metab Dis . 1986;9( (suppl) ):159-168.Crossref 28. Michals K, Dominik M, Schuett V, Brown E, Matalon R. Return to diet therapy in patients with phenylketonuria . J Pediatr . 1985;106:933-936.Crossref
American Journal of Diseases of Children – American Medical Association
Published: Jan 1, 1991
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