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Acute Rheumatic Fever in Shiraz, Iran: Its Prevalence and Characteristics in Two Socioeconomic Groups

Acute Rheumatic Fever in Shiraz, Iran: Its Prevalence and Characteristics in Two Socioeconomic... Abstract THE PREVALENCE of rheumatic fever in Iran has not been reported, although reports have appeared from other Eastern countries.1-17 The decline in the prevalence and severity of acute rheumatic fever in several Western nations9,10 has been explained, at least in part, by improving standards of living in these countries. The purposes of this paper are to report the prevalence of rheumatic fever and the frequency of its manifestations on the pediatric wards of the Pahlavi University Hospitals, and to examine the widely held impression that rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease are most frequent in areas where malnutrition, poverty, and crowding are present.11 Clinical Materials Shiraz is a city of 250,000 in southern Iran at a latitude of 29°36′ and on a plateau at an elevation of 5,100 feet. The mean temperature during the period of study varied from 38 to 42 F in January to 85 References 1. Vakil, R.J.: Heart Disease in India , Amer Heart J 48:439-448 ( (Sept) ) 1954.Crossref 2. Alimurung, M.M., et al: Heart Disease in Philippines , Amer Heart J 50:293-302 ( (Aug) ) 1955.Crossref 3. Ibrahim, M.: Rheumatic Heart Disease in East Pakistan , Dis Chest 32:550-561 ( (Nov) ) 1957.Crossref 4. De Silva, S.: Incidence of Rheumatic Fever in Ceylon , Arch Dis Child 34:247-249 ( (June) ) 1959.Crossref 5. Palmieri-Garcia, M.R.: Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease as seen in Tropics , Amer Heart J 64:577-582 ( (Nov) ) 1962.Crossref 6. Padamavati, S.: Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease in India; Rheumatic Heart Disease , Circulation 25:703-710 ( (April) ) 1962.Crossref 7. Abbasi, A.S., et al: Prevalence of Heart Disease in School Children of Kerachi , Amer J Cardiol 18: 544-547 ( (Oct) ) 1966.Crossref 8. Robinson, R.D., et al: Acute Rheumatic Fever in Kerachi , Amer J Cardiol 18:548-551 ( (Oct) ) 1966.Crossref 9. Bland, E.F.: Declining Severity of Rheumatic Fever , New Eng J Med 262:597-598 ( (March 24) ) 1960.Crossref 10. Decline of Acute Rheumatism , editorial, Lancet 1:32-33 ( (Jan 5) ) 1957. 11. Wilson, M.G.: Advances in Rheumatic Fever, 1940-1961 , New York: Paul B. Hoeber, Inc., 1962. 12. Committee on Standards and Criteria for Programs of Care, Council of Rheumatic Fever, American Heart Association, Jones Criteria (Modified) for Guidance in the Diagnosis of Rheumatic Fever , Mod Concepts Cardiovas Dis 24:291-293 ( (Sept) ) 1955. 13. Feinstein, A.R., and Spagmolo, M.: The Clinical Patterns of Rheumatic Fever: A Reappraisal , Medicine 41:279-305 ( (Dec) ) 1962.Crossref 14. Wintrobe, M.M.: Clinical Hematology , Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, 1961, p 329. 15. Nadas, A.S.: Pediatric Cardiology , Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders Co., 1963, p 188. 16. Dorfman, A.; Gross, J.I.; and Lorincz, A.E.: The Treatment of Acute Rheumatic Fever , Pediatrics 27:692-706 ( (May) ) 1961. 17. Wilson, M.G., and Lim, W.N.: Short-Term Hormone Therapy: Its Effect in Active Rheumatic Carditis of Varying Duration , New Eng J Med 260: 802-807 ( (April 16) ), 1959.Crossref 18. Prevention of Rheumatic Fever and Bacterial Endocarditis Through Control of Streptococcal Infections, American Heart Association , Circulation 21:151-155 ( (Jan) ) 1960.Crossref 19. Lieber, S.L., and Holoubek, J.E.: Acute Rheumatic Fever in a Large Southern Hospital Over the Five Year Period, 1950 Through 1954 , Ann Intern Med 45:118-125 ( (July) ) 1956.Crossref 20. Committee of the American Rheumatism Association: Primer on the Rheumatic Disease, Part 1 , JAMA 171:1205-1220 ( (Oct 31) ) 1959.Crossref 21. Ekelund, H., et al: The Incidence of Acute Rheumatic Fever in Swedish Children, 1952-1961: A Survey From Four Hospitals , Acta Med Scand 181: 89-92 ( (June) ) 1967.Crossref 22. Bland, E.F., and Jones, T.O.: Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease: A Twenty Year Report on 1,000 Patients Followed Since Childhood , Circulation 4:836-843 ( (Dec) ) 1951.Crossref 23. Joint report by the Rheumatic Fever Working Committee of the Medical Research Council of Great Britain and the Subcommittee of Principal Investigators of the American Council on Rheumatic Fever and Congenital Heart Disease, American Heart Association: The Treatment of Acute Rheumatic Fever in Children , Circulation 11:343-371 ( (March) ) 1955.Crossref 24. Jones, T.O., and Bland, E.F.: Clinical Significance of Chorea as a Manifestation of Rheumatic Fever , JAMA 105:571-577 ( (Aug 24) ) 1935.Crossref http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png American Journal of Diseases of Children American Medical Association

Acute Rheumatic Fever in Shiraz, Iran: Its Prevalence and Characteristics in Two Socioeconomic Groups

American Journal of Diseases of Children , Volume 118 (5) – Nov 1, 1969

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References (29)

Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1969 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0002-922X
DOI
10.1001/archpedi.1969.02100040696005
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Abstract THE PREVALENCE of rheumatic fever in Iran has not been reported, although reports have appeared from other Eastern countries.1-17 The decline in the prevalence and severity of acute rheumatic fever in several Western nations9,10 has been explained, at least in part, by improving standards of living in these countries. The purposes of this paper are to report the prevalence of rheumatic fever and the frequency of its manifestations on the pediatric wards of the Pahlavi University Hospitals, and to examine the widely held impression that rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease are most frequent in areas where malnutrition, poverty, and crowding are present.11 Clinical Materials Shiraz is a city of 250,000 in southern Iran at a latitude of 29°36′ and on a plateau at an elevation of 5,100 feet. The mean temperature during the period of study varied from 38 to 42 F in January to 85 References 1. Vakil, R.J.: Heart Disease in India , Amer Heart J 48:439-448 ( (Sept) ) 1954.Crossref 2. Alimurung, M.M., et al: Heart Disease in Philippines , Amer Heart J 50:293-302 ( (Aug) ) 1955.Crossref 3. Ibrahim, M.: Rheumatic Heart Disease in East Pakistan , Dis Chest 32:550-561 ( (Nov) ) 1957.Crossref 4. De Silva, S.: Incidence of Rheumatic Fever in Ceylon , Arch Dis Child 34:247-249 ( (June) ) 1959.Crossref 5. Palmieri-Garcia, M.R.: Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease as seen in Tropics , Amer Heart J 64:577-582 ( (Nov) ) 1962.Crossref 6. Padamavati, S.: Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease in India; Rheumatic Heart Disease , Circulation 25:703-710 ( (April) ) 1962.Crossref 7. Abbasi, A.S., et al: Prevalence of Heart Disease in School Children of Kerachi , Amer J Cardiol 18: 544-547 ( (Oct) ) 1966.Crossref 8. Robinson, R.D., et al: Acute Rheumatic Fever in Kerachi , Amer J Cardiol 18:548-551 ( (Oct) ) 1966.Crossref 9. Bland, E.F.: Declining Severity of Rheumatic Fever , New Eng J Med 262:597-598 ( (March 24) ) 1960.Crossref 10. Decline of Acute Rheumatism , editorial, Lancet 1:32-33 ( (Jan 5) ) 1957. 11. Wilson, M.G.: Advances in Rheumatic Fever, 1940-1961 , New York: Paul B. Hoeber, Inc., 1962. 12. Committee on Standards and Criteria for Programs of Care, Council of Rheumatic Fever, American Heart Association, Jones Criteria (Modified) for Guidance in the Diagnosis of Rheumatic Fever , Mod Concepts Cardiovas Dis 24:291-293 ( (Sept) ) 1955. 13. Feinstein, A.R., and Spagmolo, M.: The Clinical Patterns of Rheumatic Fever: A Reappraisal , Medicine 41:279-305 ( (Dec) ) 1962.Crossref 14. Wintrobe, M.M.: Clinical Hematology , Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, 1961, p 329. 15. Nadas, A.S.: Pediatric Cardiology , Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders Co., 1963, p 188. 16. Dorfman, A.; Gross, J.I.; and Lorincz, A.E.: The Treatment of Acute Rheumatic Fever , Pediatrics 27:692-706 ( (May) ) 1961. 17. Wilson, M.G., and Lim, W.N.: Short-Term Hormone Therapy: Its Effect in Active Rheumatic Carditis of Varying Duration , New Eng J Med 260: 802-807 ( (April 16) ), 1959.Crossref 18. Prevention of Rheumatic Fever and Bacterial Endocarditis Through Control of Streptococcal Infections, American Heart Association , Circulation 21:151-155 ( (Jan) ) 1960.Crossref 19. Lieber, S.L., and Holoubek, J.E.: Acute Rheumatic Fever in a Large Southern Hospital Over the Five Year Period, 1950 Through 1954 , Ann Intern Med 45:118-125 ( (July) ) 1956.Crossref 20. Committee of the American Rheumatism Association: Primer on the Rheumatic Disease, Part 1 , JAMA 171:1205-1220 ( (Oct 31) ) 1959.Crossref 21. Ekelund, H., et al: The Incidence of Acute Rheumatic Fever in Swedish Children, 1952-1961: A Survey From Four Hospitals , Acta Med Scand 181: 89-92 ( (June) ) 1967.Crossref 22. Bland, E.F., and Jones, T.O.: Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease: A Twenty Year Report on 1,000 Patients Followed Since Childhood , Circulation 4:836-843 ( (Dec) ) 1951.Crossref 23. Joint report by the Rheumatic Fever Working Committee of the Medical Research Council of Great Britain and the Subcommittee of Principal Investigators of the American Council on Rheumatic Fever and Congenital Heart Disease, American Heart Association: The Treatment of Acute Rheumatic Fever in Children , Circulation 11:343-371 ( (March) ) 1955.Crossref 24. Jones, T.O., and Bland, E.F.: Clinical Significance of Chorea as a Manifestation of Rheumatic Fever , JAMA 105:571-577 ( (Aug 24) ) 1935.Crossref

Journal

American Journal of Diseases of ChildrenAmerican Medical Association

Published: Nov 1, 1969

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