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Treatment of B-Hemolytic Streptoccal Infection: A Study of the Pediatric Use of Sulfamethoxazole

Treatment of B-Hemolytic Streptoccal Infection: A Study of the Pediatric Use of Sulfamethoxazole Abstract THERE IS little doubt that penicillin must be considered the drug of first choice in the management of β-hemolytic streptococcal infections. The efficacy of penicillin in the eradication of β-hemolytic streptococci and the resultant prevention of their most dreaded sequelae—rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis—are widely recognized and accepted.1-6 There is equally as little doubt that it would be highly desirable to have a satisfactory alternative agent for the increasing number of patients who have become sensitized to penicillin, often through the injudicious use of this antibiotic in minor upper respiratory conditions. The broad-spectrum antibiotics have not proved uniformly effective against β-hemolytic streptococci7-9; in addition, their use should be held to a practical minimum so as not to endow the pediatric patient with strains resistant to these antimicrobials which may be indispensable later in his life. Although the sulfonamides have proved quite effective in the prevention of β-hemolytic streptococcal infections, References 1. Goodman, L. S., and Gilman, A.: Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics , ed 2, New York: Macmillan Co., 1958, pp 1307, 1351-1353. 2. Committee on Prevention of Rheumatic Fever and Bacterial Endocarditis: Prevention of Rheumatic Fever and Bacterial Endocarditis Through Control of Streptococcal Infections , Circulation 15:154-158, 1957.Crossref 3. Stillerman, M., et al: Antibiotics in Treatment of Beta-Hemolytic Streptococcal Pharyngitis: Factors Influencing Results , Pediatrics 25:27-34, 1960. 4. Wannamaker, L. W., et al: Prophylaxis of Acute Rheumatic Fever by Treatment of Preceding Streptococcal Infection With Various Amounts of Depot Penicillin , Amer J Med 10:673, 1951.Crossref 5. Massell, B. F., et al: Prevention of Rheumatic Fever by Prompt Penicillin Therapy of Hemolytic Streptococcus Respiratory Infections: Progress Report , JAMA 146:1469, 1951.Crossref 6. Breese, B. B.: Treatment of Beta Hemolytic Streptococcic Infections in Home , JAMA 152:10-14, 1953.Crossref 7. Catanzaro, F. J., et al: Effect of Oxytetracycline Therapy of Streptococcal Sore Throat on Incidence of Acute Rheumatic Fever , Ann Intern Med 42:345-357, 1955.Crossref 8. Denny, F. W.; Wannamaker, L. W.; and Hahn, E. O.: Comparative Effects of Penicillin, Aureomycin and Terramycin on Streptococcal Tonsillitis and Pharyngitis , Pediatrics 11:7-14, 1953. 9. McCormack, R. C.; Kaye, D.; and Hook, E. W.: Resistance of Group A Streptococci to Tetracycline , New Eng J Med 267:323-326, 1962.Crossref 10. Morris, A. J., et al: Prevention of Rheumatic Fever by Treatment of Previous Streptococcic Infections , JAMA 160:114-116, 1956.Crossref 11. Commission on Acute Respiratory Diseases: Study of Food-Borne Epidemic of Tonsillitis and Pharyngitis Due to β-Hemolytic Streptococcus, Type 5 , Bull Hopkins Hosp 77:143-210, 1945. 12. Jackson, H., et al: Effectiveness of Sulfamethoxazole in Treating Type A Beta Hemolytic Streptococcal Pharyngitis , Southwest Med 44:246-249, 1963. 13. Braden, B., and Colmore, J. P.: Comparison of New Sulfonamide and of Penicillin in Treatment of Acute Streptococcal Pharyngitis , J Okla Med Assoc 57:7-10, 1964. 14. Peters, J. H.: "Sulfonamide Therapy of Beta Hemolytic Streptococcal Infections," read before the Meeting of International Society of Chemotherapy, Stuttgart, Germany, July 22-27, 1963. 15. Braden, B.; Colmore, J. P.; and Cummings, M. M.: " Experience With New Sulfonamide in Treatment of Streptococcal Pharyngitis ," in Antimicrobial Agents Annual , New York: Plenum Press, Inc., 1960, pp 54-57. 16. Elia, J. C.: New Sulfonamide Therapy for Respiratory Tract Infections , Eye Ear Nose Throat Monthly 41:722-738, 1962. 17. Maxted, W. R.: Use of Bacitracin for Identifying Group A Haemolytic Streptococci , J Clin Path 6: 224-226, 1953.Crossref 18. Levinson, M. L., and Frank, P. F.: Differentiation of Group A From Other Beta Hemolytic Streptococci With Bacitracin , J Bact 69:284-287, 1955. 19. Lancefield, R. C.: Antigenic Complex of Streptococcus Haemolyticus: I. Demonstration of Type of Specific Substance in Extracts of Streptococcus Haemolyticus , J Exp Med 47:91-103, 1928.Crossref 20. Lancefield, R. C.: Serological Differentiation of Human and Other Groups of Hemolytic Streptococci , J Exp Med 57:571, 1933.Crossref 21. Rantz, L. A., and Randall, E.: Use of Autoclaved Extracts of Hemolytic Streptococci for Serological Grouping , Stanford Med Bull 13:290-291, 1955. 22. Moody, M. D.; Ellis, E. C.; and Updyke, E. L.: Staining Bacterial Smears With Fluorescent Antibody: IV. Grouping Streptococci With Fluorescent Antibody , J Bact 75:553-560, 1958. 23. Cecil, R. L., and Loeb, R. F.: Textbook of Medicine , ed 10, Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders Co., 1961, pp 141-142. 24. Margileth, A. M., and Museles, M.: Value of Office Bacteriology in Diagnosis of Streptococcal Pharyngitis , Milit Med 128:871-880, 1963. 25. Catanzaro, F. J., et al: Role of Streptococcus in Pathogenesis of Rheumatic Fever , Amer J Med 17: 749, 1954.Crossref 26. Haight, T. H.: Erythromycin Therapy of Respiratory Infection , J Lab Clin Med 43:15, 1954. 27. LaBoccetta, A. C., et al: Scarlet Fever: Results of Controlled Study of 609 Patients With Penicillin and Sulfisoxazole , Amer J Med 22:458, 1957.Crossref 28. Brink, W. R., et al: Effect of Penicillin and Aureomycin on Natural Course of Streptococcal Tonsillitis and Pharyngitis , Amer J Med 10:300-308, 1951.Crossref http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png American Journal of Diseases of Children American Medical Association

Treatment of B-Hemolytic Streptoccal Infection: A Study of the Pediatric Use of Sulfamethoxazole

ALBAN, JAN
American Journal of Diseases of Children , Volume 109 (4) – Apr 1, 1965
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References (31)

Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1965 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0002-922X
DOI
10.1001/archpedi.1965.02090020306007
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Abstract

Abstract THERE IS little doubt that penicillin must be considered the drug of first choice in the management of β-hemolytic streptococcal infections. The efficacy of penicillin in the eradication of β-hemolytic streptococci and the resultant prevention of their most dreaded sequelae—rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis—are widely recognized and accepted.1-6 There is equally as little doubt that it would be highly desirable to have a satisfactory alternative agent for the increasing number of patients who have become sensitized to penicillin, often through the injudicious use of this antibiotic in minor upper respiratory conditions. The broad-spectrum antibiotics have not proved uniformly effective against β-hemolytic streptococci7-9; in addition, their use should be held to a practical minimum so as not to endow the pediatric patient with strains resistant to these antimicrobials which may be indispensable later in his life. Although the sulfonamides have proved quite effective in the prevention of β-hemolytic streptococcal infections, References 1. Goodman, L. S., and Gilman, A.: Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics , ed 2, New York: Macmillan Co., 1958, pp 1307, 1351-1353. 2. Committee on Prevention of Rheumatic Fever and Bacterial Endocarditis: Prevention of Rheumatic Fever and Bacterial Endocarditis Through Control of Streptococcal Infections , Circulation 15:154-158, 1957.Crossref 3. Stillerman, M., et al: Antibiotics in Treatment of Beta-Hemolytic Streptococcal Pharyngitis: Factors Influencing Results , Pediatrics 25:27-34, 1960. 4. Wannamaker, L. W., et al: Prophylaxis of Acute Rheumatic Fever by Treatment of Preceding Streptococcal Infection With Various Amounts of Depot Penicillin , Amer J Med 10:673, 1951.Crossref 5. Massell, B. F., et al: Prevention of Rheumatic Fever by Prompt Penicillin Therapy of Hemolytic Streptococcus Respiratory Infections: Progress Report , JAMA 146:1469, 1951.Crossref 6. Breese, B. B.: Treatment of Beta Hemolytic Streptococcic Infections in Home , JAMA 152:10-14, 1953.Crossref 7. Catanzaro, F. J., et al: Effect of Oxytetracycline Therapy of Streptococcal Sore Throat on Incidence of Acute Rheumatic Fever , Ann Intern Med 42:345-357, 1955.Crossref 8. Denny, F. W.; Wannamaker, L. W.; and Hahn, E. O.: Comparative Effects of Penicillin, Aureomycin and Terramycin on Streptococcal Tonsillitis and Pharyngitis , Pediatrics 11:7-14, 1953. 9. McCormack, R. C.; Kaye, D.; and Hook, E. W.: Resistance of Group A Streptococci to Tetracycline , New Eng J Med 267:323-326, 1962.Crossref 10. Morris, A. J., et al: Prevention of Rheumatic Fever by Treatment of Previous Streptococcic Infections , JAMA 160:114-116, 1956.Crossref 11. Commission on Acute Respiratory Diseases: Study of Food-Borne Epidemic of Tonsillitis and Pharyngitis Due to β-Hemolytic Streptococcus, Type 5 , Bull Hopkins Hosp 77:143-210, 1945. 12. Jackson, H., et al: Effectiveness of Sulfamethoxazole in Treating Type A Beta Hemolytic Streptococcal Pharyngitis , Southwest Med 44:246-249, 1963. 13. Braden, B., and Colmore, J. P.: Comparison of New Sulfonamide and of Penicillin in Treatment of Acute Streptococcal Pharyngitis , J Okla Med Assoc 57:7-10, 1964. 14. Peters, J. H.: "Sulfonamide Therapy of Beta Hemolytic Streptococcal Infections," read before the Meeting of International Society of Chemotherapy, Stuttgart, Germany, July 22-27, 1963. 15. Braden, B.; Colmore, J. P.; and Cummings, M. M.: " Experience With New Sulfonamide in Treatment of Streptococcal Pharyngitis ," in Antimicrobial Agents Annual , New York: Plenum Press, Inc., 1960, pp 54-57. 16. Elia, J. C.: New Sulfonamide Therapy for Respiratory Tract Infections , Eye Ear Nose Throat Monthly 41:722-738, 1962. 17. Maxted, W. R.: Use of Bacitracin for Identifying Group A Haemolytic Streptococci , J Clin Path 6: 224-226, 1953.Crossref 18. Levinson, M. L., and Frank, P. F.: Differentiation of Group A From Other Beta Hemolytic Streptococci With Bacitracin , J Bact 69:284-287, 1955. 19. Lancefield, R. C.: Antigenic Complex of Streptococcus Haemolyticus: I. Demonstration of Type of Specific Substance in Extracts of Streptococcus Haemolyticus , J Exp Med 47:91-103, 1928.Crossref 20. Lancefield, R. C.: Serological Differentiation of Human and Other Groups of Hemolytic Streptococci , J Exp Med 57:571, 1933.Crossref 21. Rantz, L. A., and Randall, E.: Use of Autoclaved Extracts of Hemolytic Streptococci for Serological Grouping , Stanford Med Bull 13:290-291, 1955. 22. Moody, M. D.; Ellis, E. C.; and Updyke, E. L.: Staining Bacterial Smears With Fluorescent Antibody: IV. Grouping Streptococci With Fluorescent Antibody , J Bact 75:553-560, 1958. 23. Cecil, R. L., and Loeb, R. F.: Textbook of Medicine , ed 10, Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders Co., 1961, pp 141-142. 24. Margileth, A. M., and Museles, M.: Value of Office Bacteriology in Diagnosis of Streptococcal Pharyngitis , Milit Med 128:871-880, 1963. 25. Catanzaro, F. J., et al: Role of Streptococcus in Pathogenesis of Rheumatic Fever , Amer J Med 17: 749, 1954.Crossref 26. Haight, T. H.: Erythromycin Therapy of Respiratory Infection , J Lab Clin Med 43:15, 1954. 27. LaBoccetta, A. C., et al: Scarlet Fever: Results of Controlled Study of 609 Patients With Penicillin and Sulfisoxazole , Amer J Med 22:458, 1957.Crossref 28. Brink, W. R., et al: Effect of Penicillin and Aureomycin on Natural Course of Streptococcal Tonsillitis and Pharyngitis , Amer J Med 10:300-308, 1951.Crossref

Journal

American Journal of Diseases of Children – American Medical Association

Published: Apr 1, 1965

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