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Serous Detachment After High-Dose Intravitreal Dexamethasone: Toxic or Osmotic?

Serous Detachment After High-Dose Intravitreal Dexamethasone: Toxic or Osmotic? Abstract To the Editor. —The recent report by Kwak and D'Amico1 showed that intravitreal dexamethasone can be toxic to the retina. They found increasing histologic damage at doses of about 440 μg, but observed a quite different event at the highest dose (4000 μg): retinal edema and serous detachment, as illustrated in their Fig 1.This damage appears remarkably similar to the edema and detachment that has been observed after hyperosmotic intravitreal injections.2 As little as 400 mOsm in the midvitreous can cause detachment, and the effect is more rapid if the solution is injected close to the retina. A dose of 4000 μg of dexamethasone sodium phosphate (Decadron phosphate) is roughly 8 μmol/L, which translates into 80 mmol/L if dissolved in 0.1 mL. The osmolarity depends on dissociation. According to this calculation, the osmolarity seems acceptable, but I wonder whether the effects of the high dose of dexamethasone References 1. Kwak HW, D'Amico DJ. Evaluation of the retinal toxicity and pharmacokinetics of dexamethasone after intravitreal injection . Arch Ophthalmol . 1992;110:259-266.Crossref 2. Marmor MF. Retinal detachment from hyperosmotic intravitreal injection . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci . 1979;18:1237-1244. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Archives of Ophthalmology American Medical Association

Serous Detachment After High-Dose Intravitreal Dexamethasone: Toxic or Osmotic?

Marmor, Michael F.
Archives of Ophthalmology , Volume 111 (1) – Jan 1, 1993
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References (2)

Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1993 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0003-9950
eISSN
1538-3687
DOI
10.1001/archopht.1993.01090010022007
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Abstract To the Editor. —The recent report by Kwak and D'Amico1 showed that intravitreal dexamethasone can be toxic to the retina. They found increasing histologic damage at doses of about 440 μg, but observed a quite different event at the highest dose (4000 μg): retinal edema and serous detachment, as illustrated in their Fig 1.This damage appears remarkably similar to the edema and detachment that has been observed after hyperosmotic intravitreal injections.2 As little as 400 mOsm in the midvitreous can cause detachment, and the effect is more rapid if the solution is injected close to the retina. A dose of 4000 μg of dexamethasone sodium phosphate (Decadron phosphate) is roughly 8 μmol/L, which translates into 80 mmol/L if dissolved in 0.1 mL. The osmolarity depends on dissociation. According to this calculation, the osmolarity seems acceptable, but I wonder whether the effects of the high dose of dexamethasone References 1. Kwak HW, D'Amico DJ. Evaluation of the retinal toxicity and pharmacokinetics of dexamethasone after intravitreal injection . Arch Ophthalmol . 1992;110:259-266.Crossref 2. Marmor MF. Retinal detachment from hyperosmotic intravitreal injection . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci . 1979;18:1237-1244.

Journal

Archives of Ophthalmology – American Medical Association

Published: Jan 1, 1993

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