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Pseudomonas Keratitis and Extended-Wear Soft Contact Lenses

Pseudomonas Keratitis and Extended-Wear Soft Contact Lenses Abstract In 1960, Wichterle and Lim1 introduced the concept of the soft contact lens. Until then, the hard polymethylmethacrylate lens, like the black Ford of yesteryear, was the workhorse of the field. As the daily-wear soft contact lens (DWSCL) became increasingly popular in the late 1970s, case reports suggested an association between wear of the lenses and the development of Pseudomonas corneal ulcers.2-4 In 1980, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved cosmetic soft contact lens use for overnight wear (eg, extended wear), allowing up to 30 days of continuous wear. A number of articles soon followed implicating the cosmetic extended-wear soft contact lens (EWSCL) as a risk factor in the development of Pseudomonas keratitis.5-9 That the risk of such infection was greater with the use of EWSCLs than with DWSCLs was, until most recently, presumed but not proved. However, on September 21, 1989, the New England Journal of References 1. Wichterle O, Lim D. Hydrophilic gels for biological use . Nature . 1960;185:117-118.Crossref 2. Freedman H, Sugar J. Pseudomonas keratitis following cosmetic soft contact lens wear . Contact Lens J . 1976;10:21-25. 3. Krachmer J, Purcell J. Bacterial corneal ulcers in cosmetic soft contact lens wearers . Arch Ophthalmol . 1978;96:57-61.Crossref 4. Wilson LA, Schlitzer RL, Ahern DG. Pseudomonas corneal ulcers associated with soft contact lens wear . Am J Ophthalmol . 1981;92:546-554. 5. Eichenbaum JW, Feldstein M, Podos SM. Extended-wear aphakic soft contact lenses and corneal ulcers . Br J Ophthalmol . 1982;66:663-666.Crossref 6. Hassman G, Sugar J. Pseudomonas corneal ulcer with extended-wear soft contact lenses for myopia . Arch Ophthalmol . 1983;101:1549-1550.Crossref 7. Adams CP Jr, Cohen EJ, Laibson PR, Galentine P, Arentsen JJ. Corneal ulcers in patients with cosmetic extended-wear contact lenses . Am J Ophthalmol . 1983;96:705-709. 8. Weissman BA, Mondino BJ, Petit TH, Hofbauer JD. Corneal ulcers associated with extended-wear soft contact lenses . Am J Ophthalmol . 1984;97:476-481. 9. Lemp MA, Blackman HJ, Wilson LA. Gram negative corneal ulcers in elderly aphakic eyes with extended-wear lenses . Ophthalmology . 1984;91:60-63.Crossref 10. Schein OD, Glynn RJ, Poggio EC, Seddon JM, Kenyon KR. The relative risk of ulcerative keratitis among users of daily-wear and extended-wear soft contact lenses . N Engl J Med . 1989;321:773-778.Crossref 11. Poggio EC, Glynn RJ, Schein OD, Seddon JM, Scardino VA, Kenyon KR. The incidence of ulcerative keratitis among users of daily-wear and extended-wear soft contact lenses . N Engl J Med . 1989;321:779-783.Crossref 12. Herman CL. An FDA survey of U.S. contact lens wearers . Contact Lens Spectrum . 1987;2:89-92. 13. Baum J, Panjwani N. Adherence of Pseudomonas to soft contact lenses and cornea: mechanisms and prophylaxis . In: Cavanagh HD, ed. The Cornea: Transactions of the World Congress on the Cornea III . New York, NY: Raven Press; 1988:301-307. 14. Mayo MS, Schlitzer RL, Ward MA, Wilson LA, Ahearn DG. Association of Pseudomonas and Serratia corneal ulcers with use of contaminated solutions . J Clin Microbiol . 1987;25:1398-1400. 15. Fowler SA, Allansmith MR. Evolution of soft contact lens coatings . Arch Ophthalmol . 1980;98:95-99.Crossref 16. Fowler SA, Allansmith MR. The surface of the continuously worn contact lens . Arch Ophthalmol . 1980;98:1233-1236.Crossref 17. Stern GA, Zam ZA. The effect of enzymatic contact lens cleaning on adherence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to soft contact lenses . Ophthalmology . 1987;94:115-119.Crossref 18. Stern GA, Zam ZS. The pathogenesis of contact lens-associated Pseudomonas aeruginosa corneal ulceration, I: the effect of contact lens coatings on adherence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to soft contact lenses . Cornea . 1986;5:41-45.Crossref 19. Aswad MI, John T, Barza M, Kenyon K, Baum J. Bacterial adherence to extended-wear soft contact lenses . Ophthalmology . 1990;97:296-302.Crossref 20. Efron N, Carney LG. Oxygen levels beneath the closed eyelid . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci . 1979;18:93-95. 21. Galentine PG, Cohen EJ, Laibson PR, Adams CP, Michaud R, Arentsen JJ. Corneal ulcers associated with contact lens wear . Arch Ophthalmol . 1984;102:891-894.Crossref 22. Aswad MI, Barza M, Baum J. Effect of lid closure on contact lens-associated Pseudomonas keratitis . Arch Ophthalmol . 1989;107:1667-1670.Crossref 23. Holden BA, Sweeney DF, Sanderson G. The minimum precorneal oxygen tension to avoid corneal edema . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci . 1984;25:476-480. 24. O'Neal MR, Polse KA, Sarver MD. Corneal response to rigid and hydrogel lenses during eye closure . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci . 1984;25:837-842. 25. Holden BA, Mertz GW. Critical oxygen levels to avoid corneal edema for daily and extended wear contact lenses . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci . 1984;25:1161-1167. 26. Holden B. Success vs survival. Presented at the Bausch and Lomb Research Conference; August 19, 1989; Boston, Mass. 27. Fatt I, Lim D. Oxygen tension under a soft or hard gas-permeable contact lens in the presence of tear pumping . Am J Optom Physiol Opt . 1976;53:104-111.Crossref 28. Polse KA. Tear flow under hydrogel contact lenses . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci . 1979;18:409-413. 29. Killingsworth DW, Stern GA. Pseudomonas keratitis associated with the use of disposable soft contact lens . Arch Ophthalmol . 1989;107:795-796.Crossref 30. Rabinowitz SM, Pflugfelder SC, Goldberg M. Disposable extended-wear contact lens-related keratitis . Arch Ophthalmol . 1989;107:1121.Crossref 31. Dohlman CH, Boruchoff SA, Mobilia EF. Complications on the use of soft contact lenses in corneal disease . Arch Ophthalmol . 1973;90:367-371.Crossref 32. Smith RE, MacRae SM. Contact lenses: convenience and complications . N Engl J Med . 1989;321:824-826.Crossref http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Archives of Ophthalmology American Medical Association

Pseudomonas Keratitis and Extended-Wear Soft Contact Lenses

Archives of Ophthalmology , Volume 108 (5) – May 1, 1990

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References (35)

Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1990 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0003-9950
eISSN
1538-3687
DOI
10.1001/archopht.1990.01070070049033
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Abstract In 1960, Wichterle and Lim1 introduced the concept of the soft contact lens. Until then, the hard polymethylmethacrylate lens, like the black Ford of yesteryear, was the workhorse of the field. As the daily-wear soft contact lens (DWSCL) became increasingly popular in the late 1970s, case reports suggested an association between wear of the lenses and the development of Pseudomonas corneal ulcers.2-4 In 1980, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved cosmetic soft contact lens use for overnight wear (eg, extended wear), allowing up to 30 days of continuous wear. A number of articles soon followed implicating the cosmetic extended-wear soft contact lens (EWSCL) as a risk factor in the development of Pseudomonas keratitis.5-9 That the risk of such infection was greater with the use of EWSCLs than with DWSCLs was, until most recently, presumed but not proved. However, on September 21, 1989, the New England Journal of References 1. Wichterle O, Lim D. Hydrophilic gels for biological use . Nature . 1960;185:117-118.Crossref 2. Freedman H, Sugar J. Pseudomonas keratitis following cosmetic soft contact lens wear . Contact Lens J . 1976;10:21-25. 3. Krachmer J, Purcell J. Bacterial corneal ulcers in cosmetic soft contact lens wearers . Arch Ophthalmol . 1978;96:57-61.Crossref 4. Wilson LA, Schlitzer RL, Ahern DG. Pseudomonas corneal ulcers associated with soft contact lens wear . Am J Ophthalmol . 1981;92:546-554. 5. Eichenbaum JW, Feldstein M, Podos SM. Extended-wear aphakic soft contact lenses and corneal ulcers . Br J Ophthalmol . 1982;66:663-666.Crossref 6. Hassman G, Sugar J. Pseudomonas corneal ulcer with extended-wear soft contact lenses for myopia . Arch Ophthalmol . 1983;101:1549-1550.Crossref 7. Adams CP Jr, Cohen EJ, Laibson PR, Galentine P, Arentsen JJ. Corneal ulcers in patients with cosmetic extended-wear contact lenses . Am J Ophthalmol . 1983;96:705-709. 8. Weissman BA, Mondino BJ, Petit TH, Hofbauer JD. Corneal ulcers associated with extended-wear soft contact lenses . Am J Ophthalmol . 1984;97:476-481. 9. Lemp MA, Blackman HJ, Wilson LA. Gram negative corneal ulcers in elderly aphakic eyes with extended-wear lenses . Ophthalmology . 1984;91:60-63.Crossref 10. Schein OD, Glynn RJ, Poggio EC, Seddon JM, Kenyon KR. The relative risk of ulcerative keratitis among users of daily-wear and extended-wear soft contact lenses . N Engl J Med . 1989;321:773-778.Crossref 11. Poggio EC, Glynn RJ, Schein OD, Seddon JM, Scardino VA, Kenyon KR. The incidence of ulcerative keratitis among users of daily-wear and extended-wear soft contact lenses . N Engl J Med . 1989;321:779-783.Crossref 12. Herman CL. An FDA survey of U.S. contact lens wearers . Contact Lens Spectrum . 1987;2:89-92. 13. Baum J, Panjwani N. Adherence of Pseudomonas to soft contact lenses and cornea: mechanisms and prophylaxis . In: Cavanagh HD, ed. The Cornea: Transactions of the World Congress on the Cornea III . New York, NY: Raven Press; 1988:301-307. 14. Mayo MS, Schlitzer RL, Ward MA, Wilson LA, Ahearn DG. Association of Pseudomonas and Serratia corneal ulcers with use of contaminated solutions . J Clin Microbiol . 1987;25:1398-1400. 15. Fowler SA, Allansmith MR. Evolution of soft contact lens coatings . Arch Ophthalmol . 1980;98:95-99.Crossref 16. Fowler SA, Allansmith MR. The surface of the continuously worn contact lens . Arch Ophthalmol . 1980;98:1233-1236.Crossref 17. Stern GA, Zam ZA. The effect of enzymatic contact lens cleaning on adherence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to soft contact lenses . Ophthalmology . 1987;94:115-119.Crossref 18. Stern GA, Zam ZS. The pathogenesis of contact lens-associated Pseudomonas aeruginosa corneal ulceration, I: the effect of contact lens coatings on adherence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to soft contact lenses . Cornea . 1986;5:41-45.Crossref 19. Aswad MI, John T, Barza M, Kenyon K, Baum J. Bacterial adherence to extended-wear soft contact lenses . Ophthalmology . 1990;97:296-302.Crossref 20. Efron N, Carney LG. Oxygen levels beneath the closed eyelid . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci . 1979;18:93-95. 21. Galentine PG, Cohen EJ, Laibson PR, Adams CP, Michaud R, Arentsen JJ. Corneal ulcers associated with contact lens wear . Arch Ophthalmol . 1984;102:891-894.Crossref 22. Aswad MI, Barza M, Baum J. Effect of lid closure on contact lens-associated Pseudomonas keratitis . Arch Ophthalmol . 1989;107:1667-1670.Crossref 23. Holden BA, Sweeney DF, Sanderson G. The minimum precorneal oxygen tension to avoid corneal edema . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci . 1984;25:476-480. 24. O'Neal MR, Polse KA, Sarver MD. Corneal response to rigid and hydrogel lenses during eye closure . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci . 1984;25:837-842. 25. Holden BA, Mertz GW. Critical oxygen levels to avoid corneal edema for daily and extended wear contact lenses . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci . 1984;25:1161-1167. 26. Holden B. Success vs survival. Presented at the Bausch and Lomb Research Conference; August 19, 1989; Boston, Mass. 27. Fatt I, Lim D. Oxygen tension under a soft or hard gas-permeable contact lens in the presence of tear pumping . Am J Optom Physiol Opt . 1976;53:104-111.Crossref 28. Polse KA. Tear flow under hydrogel contact lenses . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci . 1979;18:409-413. 29. Killingsworth DW, Stern GA. Pseudomonas keratitis associated with the use of disposable soft contact lens . Arch Ophthalmol . 1989;107:795-796.Crossref 30. Rabinowitz SM, Pflugfelder SC, Goldberg M. Disposable extended-wear contact lens-related keratitis . Arch Ophthalmol . 1989;107:1121.Crossref 31. Dohlman CH, Boruchoff SA, Mobilia EF. Complications on the use of soft contact lenses in corneal disease . Arch Ophthalmol . 1973;90:367-371.Crossref 32. Smith RE, MacRae SM. Contact lenses: convenience and complications . N Engl J Med . 1989;321:824-826.Crossref

Journal

Archives of OphthalmologyAmerican Medical Association

Published: May 1, 1990

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