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J. Caffey (1972)
On the theory and practice of shaking infants. Its potential residual effects of permanent brain damage and mental retardation.American journal of diseases of children, 124 2
Hoyt WF Walsh FB (1969)
Clinical Neuro-ophthalmology, 3
R. Zimmerman, L. Bilaniuk, D. Bruce, L. Schut, B. Uzzell, H. Goldberg (1979)
Computed tomography of craniocerebral injury in the abused child.Radiology, 130 3
D. Lyle, John Stapp, Richard Button (1957)
Ophthalmologic hydrostatic pressure syndrome.American journal of ophthalmology, 44 5 Pt 1
Stein HA Hollenhorst RW (1958)
Ocular signs and prognosis in subdural and subarachnoid bleeding in young childrenArch Ophthalmol, 60
S. Hayreh (1971)
Pathogenesis of occlusion of the central retinal vessels.American journal of ophthalmology, 72 5
W. Marr, E. Marr (1962)
Some Observations on Purtscher's Disease: Traumatic Retinal Angiopathy *American Journal of Ophthalmology, 54
F. Walsh, T. Hedges (1950)
Optic nerve sheath hemorrhage.Transactions - American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology. American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, 55
Kelley JS (1972)
Purtscher's retinopathy related to chest compression by safety beltsAm J Ophthalmol, 74
Y. Frank, R. Zimmerman, N. Leeds (1985)
NEUROLOGICAL MANIFESTATIONS IN ABUSED CHILDREN WHO HAVE BÉEN SHAKENDevelopmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 27
R. Hollenhorst, H. Stein (1958)
Ocular signs and prognosis in subdural and subarachnoid bleeding in young children.A.M.A. archives of ophthalmology, 60 2
P. Muller, J. Deck (1974)
Intraocular and optic nerve sheath hemorrhage in cases of sudden intracranial hypertension.Journal of neurosurgery, 41 2
J. Benstead (1983)
Shaking as a Culpable Cause of Subdural Haemorrhage in InfantsMedicine, Science and the Law, 23
F. Sezen, Dr. Sezeti, Capa Kliiigi (1971)
Retinal haemorrhages in newborn infants.British Journal of Ophthalmology, 55
J. Caffey (1974)
The whiplash shaken infant syndrome: manual shaking by the extremities with whiplash-induced intracranial and intraocular bleedings, linked with residual permanent brain damage and mental retardation.Pediatrics, 54 4
Thomas Duane (1973)
Valsalva hemorrhagic retinopathy.American journal of ophthalmology, 75 4
M. Gilkes, T. Mann (1967)
FUNDI OF BATTERED BABIESThe Lancet, 290
J. Oliver (1975)
Microcephaly following baby battering and shaking.British Medical Journal, 2
J. Baum, C. Bulpitt (1970)
Retinal and Conjunctival Haemorrhage in the NewbornArchives of Disease in Childhood, 45
B. Harcourt, D. Hopkins (1971)
Ophthalmic Manifestations of the Battered-baby SyndromeBritish Medical Journal, 3
R. Ober (1980)
Hemorrhagic retinopathy in infancy: a clinicopathologic report.Journal of pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus, 17 1
C. Kempe, F. Silverman, B. Steele, W. Droegemueller, H. Silver (1962)
The Battered-Child SyndromeJAMA, 181
Daniel Weidenthal, Daniel Levin (1976)
Retinal detachment in a battered infant.American journal of ophthalmology, 81 6
L. Tomasi, N. Rosman (1975)
Purtscher retinopathy in the battered child syndrome.American journal of diseases of children, 129 11
J. Kelley (1972)
Purtscher's retinopathy related to chest compression by safety belts. Fluorescein angiographic findings.American journal of ophthalmology, 74 2
Hedges TR Walsh FB (1951)
Optic nerve sheath hemorrhageAm J Ophthalmol, 34
Stephen Ludwig, Matthew Warman (1984)
Shaken baby syndrome: a review of 20 cases.Annals of emergency medicine, 13 2
T. Burton (1980)
Unilateral Purtscher's retinopathy.Ophthalmology, 87 11
Hopkins D Harcourt B (1973)
Permanent chorioretinal lesions in childhood of suspected traumatic originTrans Ophthalmol Soc UK, 93
Eisenbrey AB (1979)
Retinal hemorrhages in the battered childChild's Brain, 5
Abstract • A 13-month-old child with the pathognomonic findings of the shaken baby syndrome died secondary to cerebellar herniation. Pathologic examination disclosed extensive intraocular, optic nerve sheath, and intracranial hemorrhages, despite a paucity of external signs of trauma. Many of the hemorrhages were old, suggesting that the child had experienced multiple episodes of trauma. Hemorrhages of the optic nerve sheaths have not been previously reported with the shaken baby syndrome but probably accompany this condition frequently. Our patient's ocular hemorrhages may have resulted from a sudden rise in intracranial pressure. References 1. Kempe GH, Silverman FN, Steele BF, et al: The battered-child syndrome . JAMA 1962;181:17-24.Crossref 2. Gilkes MJ, Mann TP: Fundi of battered babies . Lancet 1967;2:468.Crossref 3. Caffey J: The whiplash shaken infant syndrome: Manual shaking by the extremities with whiplash-induced intracranial and intraocular bleeding, linked with residual permanent brain damage and mental retardation . Pediatrics 1974; 54:396-402. 4. Zimmerman RA, Bilaniuk LT, Bruce D, et al: Computed tomography of craniocerebral injury in the abused child . Radiology 1979;130:687-691.Crossref 5. Ludwig S: Shaken baby syndrome: A review of 20 cases . Ann Emerg Med 1984;13:104-107.Crossref 6. Baum JD, Bulpitt CJ: Retinal and conjunctival hemorrhage in the newborn . Arch Dis Child 1970;45:344-349.Crossref 7. Sezen F: Retinal hemorrhages in newborn infants . Br J Ophthalmol 1970;55:248-253.Crossref 8. Harcourt B, Hopkins D: Permanent chorioretinal lesions in childhood of suspected traumatic origin . Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK 1973; 93:199-205. 9. Weidenthal DT, Levin DB: Retinal detachment in a battered infant . Am J Ophthalmol 1976; 81:725-727. 10. Harcourt B, Hopkins D: Ophthalmic manifestations of the battered-baby syndrome . Br Med J 1971;3:398-401.Crossref 11. Caffey J: On the theory and practice of shaking infants: Its potential residual effects of permanent brain damage and mental retardation . AJDC 1972;124:161-169. 12. Eisenbrey AB: Retinal hemorrhages in the battered child . Child's Brain 1979;5:40-44. 13. Benstead JG: Shaking as a culpable cause of subdural hemorrhage in infants . Med Sci Law 1983;23:242-244. 14. Ober RR: Hemorrhagic retinopathy in infancy: A clinicopathologic report . J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 1980;17:17-20. 15. Lyle DJ, Stapp JP, Button RR: Ophthalmologic hydrostatic pressure syndrome . Am J Ophthalmol 1957;44:652-656. 16. Marr WG, Marr EG: Some observations on Purtscher's disease: Traumatic retinal angiopathy . Am J Ophthalmol 1962;54:693-705. 17. Kelley JS: Purtscher's retinopathy related to chest compression by safety belts . Am J Ophthalmol 1972;74:278-283. 18. Burton TC: Unilateral Purtscher's retinopathy . Ophthalmology 1980;87:1096-1105.Crossref 19. Duane TD: Valsalva hemorrhagic retinopathy . Am J Ophthalmol 1973;75:637-642. 20. Tomasi LG, Rosman NP: Purtscher retinopathy in the battered child syndrome . AJDC 1975;129:1335-1337. 21. Hollenhorst RW, Stein HA: Ocular signs and prognosis in subdural and subarachnoid bleeding in young children . Arch Ophthalmol 1958;60:187-192.Crossref 22. Walsh FB, Hoyt WF: Clinical Neuro-ophthalmology . Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins Co, 1969, vol 3, p 2348. 23. Muller PJ, Deck JHN: Intraocular and optic nerve sheath hemorrhage in cases of sudden intracranial hypertension . J Neurosurg 1974; 41:160-166.Crossref 24. Walsh FB, Hedges TR: Optic nerve sheath hemorrhage . Am J Ophthalmol 1951;34:509-527. 25. Hayreh S: Pathogenesis of occlusion of the central retinal vessels . Am J Ophthalmol 1971; 72:998-1011. 26. Oliver JE: Microcephaly following baby battering and shaking . Br Med J 1975;2:262-264.Crossref 27. Frank Y, Zimmerman R, Leeds NMD: Neurological manifestations in abused children who have been shaken . Dev Med Child Neurol 1985; 27:312-316.Crossref
Archives of Ophthalmology – American Medical Association
Published: Oct 1, 1986
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