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Toxicity, Efficacy, and Clearance of Intravitreally Injected Cefazolin

Toxicity, Efficacy, and Clearance of Intravitreally Injected Cefazolin Abstract • The intravitreal injection of cefazolin sodium was evaluated with respect to its potential toxicity, efficacy, and clearance in the treatment of bacterial endophthalmitis in the rabbit model. Toxicity evaluation included indirect ophthalmoscopy, scotopic electroretinogram, and light microscopy of histopathologic specimens. Rabbits given doses up to and including 2.25 mg of cefazolin sodium showed no evidence of toxic reaction by these criteria after two weeks of observation. When injected within 24 hours of inoculation, 2.25 mg of cefazolin sodium sterilized five of six rabbit eyes infected with Staphylococcus aureus. Following intravitreal injection of 2.25 mg of cefazolin sodium, vitreous concentrations in excess of the minimum inhibitory concentration for S aureus were maintained for five days. A 2.25-mg dose of cefazolin sodium appears to be nontoxic, effective, and biologically active against susceptible organisms during a prolonged period, when injected into the vitreous cavity of the pigmented rabbit in vivo. References 1. Forster RK, Abbott RL, Gelender H: Management of infectious endophthalmitis . Ophthalmology 1980;87:313-318.Crossref 2. Thompson RL: The cephalosporins . Mayo Clin Proc 1977;52:625-630. 3. Able R, Boyle G, Furman M, et al: Intraocular penetration of cefazolin sodium in rabbits . Am J Ophthalmol 1974;78:779-787. 4. Golden B, Coppel S: Ocular tissue absorption of gentamicin . Arch Ophthalmol 1970;84:792-796.Crossref 5. Peyman GA, Vastine DW, Crouch ER, et al: Clinical use of intravitreal antibiotics to treat bacterial endophthalmitis . Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 1974;78:862-875. 6. Grove C, Randell WA: Assay Methods of Antibiotics: A Laboratory Manual . New York, Medical Encyclopedia Inc, 1955. 7. Graham RO, Peyman GA, Fishman G: Intravitreal injection of cephaloridine in treatment of endophthalmitis . Arch Ophthalmol 1975;93:56-62.Crossref http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Archives of Ophthalmology American Medical Association

Toxicity, Efficacy, and Clearance of Intravitreally Injected Cefazolin

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References (7)

Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1982 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0003-9950
eISSN
1538-3687
DOI
10.1001/archopht.1982.01030030652026
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Abstract • The intravitreal injection of cefazolin sodium was evaluated with respect to its potential toxicity, efficacy, and clearance in the treatment of bacterial endophthalmitis in the rabbit model. Toxicity evaluation included indirect ophthalmoscopy, scotopic electroretinogram, and light microscopy of histopathologic specimens. Rabbits given doses up to and including 2.25 mg of cefazolin sodium showed no evidence of toxic reaction by these criteria after two weeks of observation. When injected within 24 hours of inoculation, 2.25 mg of cefazolin sodium sterilized five of six rabbit eyes infected with Staphylococcus aureus. Following intravitreal injection of 2.25 mg of cefazolin sodium, vitreous concentrations in excess of the minimum inhibitory concentration for S aureus were maintained for five days. A 2.25-mg dose of cefazolin sodium appears to be nontoxic, effective, and biologically active against susceptible organisms during a prolonged period, when injected into the vitreous cavity of the pigmented rabbit in vivo. References 1. Forster RK, Abbott RL, Gelender H: Management of infectious endophthalmitis . Ophthalmology 1980;87:313-318.Crossref 2. Thompson RL: The cephalosporins . Mayo Clin Proc 1977;52:625-630. 3. Able R, Boyle G, Furman M, et al: Intraocular penetration of cefazolin sodium in rabbits . Am J Ophthalmol 1974;78:779-787. 4. Golden B, Coppel S: Ocular tissue absorption of gentamicin . Arch Ophthalmol 1970;84:792-796.Crossref 5. Peyman GA, Vastine DW, Crouch ER, et al: Clinical use of intravitreal antibiotics to treat bacterial endophthalmitis . Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 1974;78:862-875. 6. Grove C, Randell WA: Assay Methods of Antibiotics: A Laboratory Manual . New York, Medical Encyclopedia Inc, 1955. 7. Graham RO, Peyman GA, Fishman G: Intravitreal injection of cephaloridine in treatment of endophthalmitis . Arch Ophthalmol 1975;93:56-62.Crossref

Journal

Archives of OphthalmologyAmerican Medical Association

Published: Apr 1, 1982

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