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Ultrasonic Diagnosis of Tumors of the Choroid

Ultrasonic Diagnosis of Tumors of the Choroid Abstract Ultrasound accurately demonstrates morphologic characteristics of choroidal tumors and associated ocular changes, ie, retinal detachment and vitreous hemorrhage. Serial examinations are valuable in documentation of tumor growth. Acoustic characteristics of choroidal tumors enable differentiation from ophthalmoscopically similar lesions, and prediction of tumor type. Ultrasound examination is important in eyes with opaque media (cornea, aqueous, lens, vitreous) when choroidal tumor is suspected (10% of enucleated eyes harbor unsuspected malignant melanomas). Ultrasonography is also essential in atypical retinal detachments where choroidal tumor may underlie detached retina, where no break is visible, where there are smooth retinal bullae, where fluid shifts, and where intraocular pressure elevates. Finally, ultrasound provides acoustic information in ophthalmoscopically visible masses: differentiation from choroidal or retinal detachment, cystic lesion, or subretinal hemorrhage; accurate size and height measurement with serial sectioning; and tumor type characterization by "acoustic profile." References 1. Schepens CL, in discussion, Schepens C, Regan C (eds): Controversial Aspects of the Management of Retinal Detachment . Little Brown & Co, 1965, p 315. 2. Reese AB: Tumors of the Eye , ed 2. New York, Paul B. Hoeber Inc, 1963. 3. Norton EWD, Gutman F: Fluorescein angiography and hemangiomas of the choroid . Arch Ophthalmol 78:121-125, 1967.Crossref 4. Shields JA, Font RL: Melanocytoma of the choroid clinically simulating a malignant melanoma . Arch Ophthalmol 87:396-400, 1972.Crossref 5. Naumann G, Zimmerman LE, Yanoff M: Visual field defect associated with choroidal nevus . Am J Ophthalmol 62:914-917, 1966. 6. Tamler E, Maumenee AE: Clinical study of choroidal nevi . Arch Ophthalmol 62:196-202, 1959.Crossref 7. Terner IS, Leopold IH, Eisenberg IJ: The radioactive phosphorus (P32) uptake test in ophthalmology: A review of the literature and analysis of results in 262 cases of ocular and adnexal pathology . Arch Ophthalmol 55:52-53, 1956.Crossref 8. Dunn A, McTigue JW: The radioactive phosphorus uptake test for malignant melanoma of the eye: A study of 40 consecutive cases of suspected intraocular malignant melanoma . Arch Ophthalmol 57:668-671, 1957.Crossref 9. Coleman DJ, Konig WF, Katz L: A hand-operated ultrasound scan system for ophthalmic evaluation . Am J Ophthalmol 68:256-263, 1969. 10. Coleman DJ: Reliability of ocular and orbital diagnosis with B-scan ultrasound: I. Ocular diagnosis . Am J Ophthalmol 73:501-516, 1972. 11. Ossoinig K: Clinical echo-ophthalmography , in Blodi FC (ed): Current Concepts in Ophthalmology . St. Louis, CV Mosby Co, 1972, pp 101-130. 12. Coleman DJ: Measurement of choroidal pulsations with M-scan ultrasound . Am J Ophthalmol 71:363-365, 1971. 13. Coleman DJ: Ophthalmic biometry using ultrasound . Int Ophthalmol Clin 9:667-683, 1969.Crossref 14. Ossoinig K: Routine ultrasonography of the orbit . Int Ophthalmol Clin 9:613-642, 1969.Crossref 15. Coleman DJ: Reliability of ocular tumor diagnosis with ultrasound . Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 77:677-683, 1973. 16. Christensen L, Rowen GE: Diagnosis of malignant melanoma by subretinal fluid studies . Arch Ophthalmol 54:477-480, 1955.Crossref 17. Ferry AP: Lesions mistaken for malignant melanoma of the posterior uvea: A clinicopathologic analysis of 100 cases with ophthalmoscopically visible lesions . Arch Ophthalmol 72:463-469, 1964.Crossref 18. Reese AB, Jones IS: The differential diagnosis of malignant melanoma of the choroid: Chairman's address . Arch Ophthalmol 58:477-482, 1957.Crossref 19. Jones IS, Cleasby G: Hemangioma of the choroid: A clinicopathologic analysis . Am J Ophthalmol 48:612-628, 1959. 20. Hart WM: Metastatic carcinoma of the eye and orbit . Int Ophthalmol Clin 2:465-482, 1962.Crossref 21. Norton E, et al: Fluorescein fundus photography: An aid in differential diagnosis of posterior ocular lesions . Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 68:755-765, 1964. 22. Teeters VW, Bird AC: A clinical study of the vascularity of senile disciform macular degeneration . Am J Ophthalmol 75:53-65, 1973. 23. Pettit TH, et al: Fluorescein angiography of choroidal melanomas . Arch Ophthalmol 83:27-38, 1970.Crossref 24. Gitter KA, et al: Fluorescein and ultrasound in the diagnosis of intraocular tumors . Am J Ophthalmol 66:719-731, 1968. 25. Edwards WC, Layden WE, MacDonald R Jr: Fluorescein angiography of malignant melanoma of the choroid . Am J Ophthalmol 68:797-808, 1967. 26. Thomas CI, Krohmer JS, Storaasli JP: Detection of intraocular tumors with radioactive phosphorus: A preliminary report with special reference to differentiation of the cause of retinal separation . Arch Ophthalmol 47:276-286, 1952.Crossref 27. Ruiz RS: New radioactivity detection probe and scaler for phosphorus 32 testing of ocular lesions . Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 76:535-536, 1972. 28. Oksala A, Lehtinen A: Über die diagnostische Verwendung von Ultraschall in der Augenheilkunde . Ophthalmologica 134:387-395, 1957.Crossref 29. Oksala A, Lehtinen A: Acoustic biomicroscopy of intraocular tumors . Am J Ophthalmol 51:1203-1211, 1961. 30. Gitter KA, Annesley WH: Recognition of a case of choroidal melanoma by ultrasound . Arch Ophthalmol 78:358-359, 1967.Crossref 31. Ossoinig K: Ultrasonic diagnosis on the eye: An aid for the clinic , in Oksala K, Gernet H (eds): Ultrasonics in Ophthalmology . Basel, Switzerland, S Karger AG, 1967, pp 116-133. 32. Poujol J, Bonnin P: Diagnosis of intraocular retroequatorial tumors by ultrasonography and fluorescein angiography , in Gitter KA, et al (eds): St. Louis, CV Mosby Co, 1969, pp 273-281. 33. Baum G: Ultrasonographic characteristics of malignant melanoma . Arch Ophthalmol 78:12-15, 1967.Crossref 34. Baum G, Greenwood I: The application of ultrasonic locating techniques in ophthalmology: II. Ultrasonic slit lamp in the ultrasonic visualization of soft tissues . Arch Ophthalmol 60:263-279, 1958.Crossref 35. Purnell EW: Ultrasound in ophthalmological diagnosis , in Grossman C, et al (eds): Diagnostic Ultrasound . New York, Plenum Press, 1966, pp 95-110. 36. Coleman DJ, Abramson D: Correlation of ultrasonic characteristics and tissue morphology in Massin M, Poujol J (eds): Diagnostica Ultrasonica in Ophthalmologia . Paris, Centre National D'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, 1973, pp 215-218. 37. Makley TA, Teed RW: Unsuspected intraocular malignant melanomas . Arch Ophthalmol 60:475-478, 1958.Crossref 38. Jack R, Coleman DJ: Detection of retinal detachments secondary to choroidal melanoma with B-scan ultrasound . Am J Ophthalmol 74:1057-1065, 1972. 39. Flocks M, Gerende JH, Zimmerman LE: The size and shape of malignant melanomas of the choroid and ciliary body in relation to the prognosis and histologic characteristics: A statistical study of 210 tumors . Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 59:740-758, 1955. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Archives of Ophthalmology American Medical Association

Ultrasonic Diagnosis of Tumors of the Choroid

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Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1974 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0003-9950
eISSN
1538-3687
DOI
10.1001/archopht.1974.03900060356002
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Abstract

Abstract Ultrasound accurately demonstrates morphologic characteristics of choroidal tumors and associated ocular changes, ie, retinal detachment and vitreous hemorrhage. Serial examinations are valuable in documentation of tumor growth. Acoustic characteristics of choroidal tumors enable differentiation from ophthalmoscopically similar lesions, and prediction of tumor type. Ultrasound examination is important in eyes with opaque media (cornea, aqueous, lens, vitreous) when choroidal tumor is suspected (10% of enucleated eyes harbor unsuspected malignant melanomas). Ultrasonography is also essential in atypical retinal detachments where choroidal tumor may underlie detached retina, where no break is visible, where there are smooth retinal bullae, where fluid shifts, and where intraocular pressure elevates. Finally, ultrasound provides acoustic information in ophthalmoscopically visible masses: differentiation from choroidal or retinal detachment, cystic lesion, or subretinal hemorrhage; accurate size and height measurement with serial sectioning; and tumor type characterization by "acoustic profile." References 1. Schepens CL, in discussion, Schepens C, Regan C (eds): Controversial Aspects of the Management of Retinal Detachment . Little Brown & Co, 1965, p 315. 2. Reese AB: Tumors of the Eye , ed 2. New York, Paul B. Hoeber Inc, 1963. 3. Norton EWD, Gutman F: Fluorescein angiography and hemangiomas of the choroid . Arch Ophthalmol 78:121-125, 1967.Crossref 4. Shields JA, Font RL: Melanocytoma of the choroid clinically simulating a malignant melanoma . Arch Ophthalmol 87:396-400, 1972.Crossref 5. Naumann G, Zimmerman LE, Yanoff M: Visual field defect associated with choroidal nevus . Am J Ophthalmol 62:914-917, 1966. 6. Tamler E, Maumenee AE: Clinical study of choroidal nevi . Arch Ophthalmol 62:196-202, 1959.Crossref 7. Terner IS, Leopold IH, Eisenberg IJ: The radioactive phosphorus (P32) uptake test in ophthalmology: A review of the literature and analysis of results in 262 cases of ocular and adnexal pathology . Arch Ophthalmol 55:52-53, 1956.Crossref 8. Dunn A, McTigue JW: The radioactive phosphorus uptake test for malignant melanoma of the eye: A study of 40 consecutive cases of suspected intraocular malignant melanoma . Arch Ophthalmol 57:668-671, 1957.Crossref 9. Coleman DJ, Konig WF, Katz L: A hand-operated ultrasound scan system for ophthalmic evaluation . Am J Ophthalmol 68:256-263, 1969. 10. Coleman DJ: Reliability of ocular and orbital diagnosis with B-scan ultrasound: I. Ocular diagnosis . Am J Ophthalmol 73:501-516, 1972. 11. Ossoinig K: Clinical echo-ophthalmography , in Blodi FC (ed): Current Concepts in Ophthalmology . St. Louis, CV Mosby Co, 1972, pp 101-130. 12. Coleman DJ: Measurement of choroidal pulsations with M-scan ultrasound . Am J Ophthalmol 71:363-365, 1971. 13. Coleman DJ: Ophthalmic biometry using ultrasound . Int Ophthalmol Clin 9:667-683, 1969.Crossref 14. Ossoinig K: Routine ultrasonography of the orbit . Int Ophthalmol Clin 9:613-642, 1969.Crossref 15. Coleman DJ: Reliability of ocular tumor diagnosis with ultrasound . Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 77:677-683, 1973. 16. Christensen L, Rowen GE: Diagnosis of malignant melanoma by subretinal fluid studies . Arch Ophthalmol 54:477-480, 1955.Crossref 17. Ferry AP: Lesions mistaken for malignant melanoma of the posterior uvea: A clinicopathologic analysis of 100 cases with ophthalmoscopically visible lesions . Arch Ophthalmol 72:463-469, 1964.Crossref 18. Reese AB, Jones IS: The differential diagnosis of malignant melanoma of the choroid: Chairman's address . Arch Ophthalmol 58:477-482, 1957.Crossref 19. Jones IS, Cleasby G: Hemangioma of the choroid: A clinicopathologic analysis . Am J Ophthalmol 48:612-628, 1959. 20. Hart WM: Metastatic carcinoma of the eye and orbit . Int Ophthalmol Clin 2:465-482, 1962.Crossref 21. Norton E, et al: Fluorescein fundus photography: An aid in differential diagnosis of posterior ocular lesions . Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 68:755-765, 1964. 22. Teeters VW, Bird AC: A clinical study of the vascularity of senile disciform macular degeneration . Am J Ophthalmol 75:53-65, 1973. 23. Pettit TH, et al: Fluorescein angiography of choroidal melanomas . Arch Ophthalmol 83:27-38, 1970.Crossref 24. Gitter KA, et al: Fluorescein and ultrasound in the diagnosis of intraocular tumors . Am J Ophthalmol 66:719-731, 1968. 25. Edwards WC, Layden WE, MacDonald R Jr: Fluorescein angiography of malignant melanoma of the choroid . Am J Ophthalmol 68:797-808, 1967. 26. Thomas CI, Krohmer JS, Storaasli JP: Detection of intraocular tumors with radioactive phosphorus: A preliminary report with special reference to differentiation of the cause of retinal separation . Arch Ophthalmol 47:276-286, 1952.Crossref 27. Ruiz RS: New radioactivity detection probe and scaler for phosphorus 32 testing of ocular lesions . Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 76:535-536, 1972. 28. Oksala A, Lehtinen A: Über die diagnostische Verwendung von Ultraschall in der Augenheilkunde . Ophthalmologica 134:387-395, 1957.Crossref 29. Oksala A, Lehtinen A: Acoustic biomicroscopy of intraocular tumors . Am J Ophthalmol 51:1203-1211, 1961. 30. Gitter KA, Annesley WH: Recognition of a case of choroidal melanoma by ultrasound . Arch Ophthalmol 78:358-359, 1967.Crossref 31. Ossoinig K: Ultrasonic diagnosis on the eye: An aid for the clinic , in Oksala K, Gernet H (eds): Ultrasonics in Ophthalmology . Basel, Switzerland, S Karger AG, 1967, pp 116-133. 32. Poujol J, Bonnin P: Diagnosis of intraocular retroequatorial tumors by ultrasonography and fluorescein angiography , in Gitter KA, et al (eds): St. Louis, CV Mosby Co, 1969, pp 273-281. 33. Baum G: Ultrasonographic characteristics of malignant melanoma . Arch Ophthalmol 78:12-15, 1967.Crossref 34. Baum G, Greenwood I: The application of ultrasonic locating techniques in ophthalmology: II. Ultrasonic slit lamp in the ultrasonic visualization of soft tissues . Arch Ophthalmol 60:263-279, 1958.Crossref 35. Purnell EW: Ultrasound in ophthalmological diagnosis , in Grossman C, et al (eds): Diagnostic Ultrasound . New York, Plenum Press, 1966, pp 95-110. 36. Coleman DJ, Abramson D: Correlation of ultrasonic characteristics and tissue morphology in Massin M, Poujol J (eds): Diagnostica Ultrasonica in Ophthalmologia . Paris, Centre National D'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, 1973, pp 215-218. 37. Makley TA, Teed RW: Unsuspected intraocular malignant melanomas . Arch Ophthalmol 60:475-478, 1958.Crossref 38. Jack R, Coleman DJ: Detection of retinal detachments secondary to choroidal melanoma with B-scan ultrasound . Am J Ophthalmol 74:1057-1065, 1972. 39. Flocks M, Gerende JH, Zimmerman LE: The size and shape of malignant melanomas of the choroid and ciliary body in relation to the prognosis and histologic characteristics: A statistical study of 210 tumors . Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 59:740-758, 1955.

Journal

Archives of Ophthalmology – American Medical Association

Published: May 1, 1974

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