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The Influence of General Anesthetic Agents on Intraocular Pressure in Man: The Effect of Common Nonexplosive Agents

The Influence of General Anesthetic Agents on Intraocular Pressure in Man: The Effect of Common... Abstract Introduction A decrease in intraocular pressure has been found under general anesthesia in animals1,2 and in man.3-5 Previous reports have considered chiefly the explosive agents.5 Important measurements of intraocular pressure (especially in small children) must often be taken under general anesthesia, and the use of the electrical apparatus during many eye procedures requires a nonexplosive technique. Chloroform,6 halothane (Fluothane), and trichloroethylene (Trilene), as well as intravenous barbiturates have been widely used for this purpose. However, the effect of these common nonexplosive agents on intraocular pressure in man has not been completely investigated. It is also desirable to know if all anesthetic agents which produce general anesthesia and which are pharmacologically different affect intraocular pressure in a similar manner. Therefore, investigation of the influence of trichloroethylene, halothane, chloroform, and hydroxydione sodium succinate (Viadril) on intraocular pressure in man was undertaken. Methods and Material Both eyes of 80 References 1. Schmerl, E., and Steinberg, B.: Role of Diencephalon in Regulating Ocular Tension , Amer. J. Ophthal. 31:155, 1948. 2. Stone, H., and Prijot, E.: Effect of a Barbiturate and Paraldehyde on Aqueous Humor Dynamics in Rabbits , A.M.A. Arch. Ophthal. 54:834, 1955.Crossref 3. Rubino, A., and Esente, J.: Occhio ediencefalo , Riv. Oto-Neuro-Oftal. 25:351, 1950. 4. DeRoetth, A., Jr., and Schwartz, H.: Aqueous Humor Dynamics in Glaucoma: Effect of Ganglionic Blocking Agents and Thiopental Sodium (Pentothal) Anesthesia on Aqueous Humor Dynamics , A.M.A. Arch. Ophthal. 55:755, 1956.Crossref 5. Kornblueth, W.; Aladjemoff, L.; Magora, F., and Gabbay, A.: Influence of General Anesthesia on Intraocular Pressure in Man , A.M.A. Arch. Ophthal. 61:84, 1959.Crossref 6. Schwartz, H.: Chloroform Anesthesia for Ophthalmic Examination , Amer. J. Ophthal. 43:27, 1957. 7. Galla, S. J.; Rocco, A. G., and Vandam, L. D.: Evaluation of the Traditional Signs and Stages of Anesthesia: An Electroencephalographic and Clinical Study , Anesthesiology 19:328, 1958.Crossref 8. Howland, W. S.; Boyan, P., and Wang, K.C.: The Use of a Steroid (Viadril) as an Anesthetic Agent , Anesthesiology 17:1, 1956.Crossref 9. Dent, S. J.; Wilson; W. P., and Stephen, C. R.: Clinical Experiences with Viadril , Anesthesiology 17:672, 1956.Crossref 10. Pearcy, W. C.; Knott, J. R.; Pittinger, C. B., and Keasling, H. W.: Electroencephalographic and Circulatory Effects of Chloroform Anesthesia in Dogs , Anesthesiology 18:88, 1957.Crossref 11. Gain, E. A., and Paletz, S. G.: An Attempt to Correlate the Clinical Signs of Fluothane Anesthesia with the Electroencephalographic Levels , Canad. Anaesth. Soc. J. 4:289, 1957.Crossref 12. Courtin, R. F.: Electroencephalographic and Clinical Observations with Trichloroethylene and Nitrous Oxide Anesthesia , Dallas M. J. 41:613, 1955 13. Martin J. T.; Faulconer, A., Jr., and Bickford, R. G.: Electroencephalography in Anesthesiology , Anesthesiology 20:359, 1959.Crossref 14. Adler, F. H.: Physiology of the Eye: Clinical Application , St. Louis, The C. V. Mosby Company, 1953 p. 128. 15. Breinin, G. M.: The Position of Rest During Anesthesia and Sleep: Electromyographic Observations , A.M.A. Arch. Ophthal. 57:323, 1957.Crossref 16. Sadove, M. S., and Unna, K. R.: Ophthalmic Studies of Curare and Curare-like Drugs in Man , Amer. J. Ophthal. 34:543, 1951. 17. Roche, J. R.: Research in the Use of Curare for Ocular Surgery , Amer. J. Ophthal. 33:91, 1950. 18. Kirby, D. B.: Use of Curare in Cataract Surgery , A.M.A. Arch. Ophthal. 43:678, 1950.Crossref 19. Schmerl, E., and Steinberg, B.: Separation of Diencephalic Centers Concerned with Pupillary Motility and Ocular Tension , Amer. J. Ophthal. 33:1379, 1950. 20. Von Sallmann, L., and Lowenstein, O.: Responses of Intraocular Pressure Blood Pressure, and Cutaneous Vessels to Electric Stimulation in the Diencephalon , Amer. J. Ophthal. 39:11 ( (Part I) ), 1955. 21. Von Sallmann, L.; Macri, F. J.; Wanko, T., and Grimes, P. A.: Some Mechanisms of Centrally Induced Eye Pressure Responses , Amer. J. Ophthal. 42:130 ( (Part II) ), 1956. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Archives of Ophthalmology American Medical Association

The Influence of General Anesthetic Agents on Intraocular Pressure in Man: The Effect of Common Nonexplosive Agents

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References (21)

Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1961 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0003-9950
eISSN
1538-3687
DOI
10.1001/archopht.1961.00960010808006
Publisher site
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Abstract

Abstract Introduction A decrease in intraocular pressure has been found under general anesthesia in animals1,2 and in man.3-5 Previous reports have considered chiefly the explosive agents.5 Important measurements of intraocular pressure (especially in small children) must often be taken under general anesthesia, and the use of the electrical apparatus during many eye procedures requires a nonexplosive technique. Chloroform,6 halothane (Fluothane), and trichloroethylene (Trilene), as well as intravenous barbiturates have been widely used for this purpose. However, the effect of these common nonexplosive agents on intraocular pressure in man has not been completely investigated. It is also desirable to know if all anesthetic agents which produce general anesthesia and which are pharmacologically different affect intraocular pressure in a similar manner. Therefore, investigation of the influence of trichloroethylene, halothane, chloroform, and hydroxydione sodium succinate (Viadril) on intraocular pressure in man was undertaken. Methods and Material Both eyes of 80 References 1. Schmerl, E., and Steinberg, B.: Role of Diencephalon in Regulating Ocular Tension , Amer. J. Ophthal. 31:155, 1948. 2. Stone, H., and Prijot, E.: Effect of a Barbiturate and Paraldehyde on Aqueous Humor Dynamics in Rabbits , A.M.A. Arch. Ophthal. 54:834, 1955.Crossref 3. Rubino, A., and Esente, J.: Occhio ediencefalo , Riv. Oto-Neuro-Oftal. 25:351, 1950. 4. DeRoetth, A., Jr., and Schwartz, H.: Aqueous Humor Dynamics in Glaucoma: Effect of Ganglionic Blocking Agents and Thiopental Sodium (Pentothal) Anesthesia on Aqueous Humor Dynamics , A.M.A. Arch. Ophthal. 55:755, 1956.Crossref 5. Kornblueth, W.; Aladjemoff, L.; Magora, F., and Gabbay, A.: Influence of General Anesthesia on Intraocular Pressure in Man , A.M.A. Arch. Ophthal. 61:84, 1959.Crossref 6. Schwartz, H.: Chloroform Anesthesia for Ophthalmic Examination , Amer. J. Ophthal. 43:27, 1957. 7. Galla, S. J.; Rocco, A. G., and Vandam, L. D.: Evaluation of the Traditional Signs and Stages of Anesthesia: An Electroencephalographic and Clinical Study , Anesthesiology 19:328, 1958.Crossref 8. Howland, W. S.; Boyan, P., and Wang, K.C.: The Use of a Steroid (Viadril) as an Anesthetic Agent , Anesthesiology 17:1, 1956.Crossref 9. Dent, S. J.; Wilson; W. P., and Stephen, C. R.: Clinical Experiences with Viadril , Anesthesiology 17:672, 1956.Crossref 10. Pearcy, W. C.; Knott, J. R.; Pittinger, C. B., and Keasling, H. W.: Electroencephalographic and Circulatory Effects of Chloroform Anesthesia in Dogs , Anesthesiology 18:88, 1957.Crossref 11. Gain, E. A., and Paletz, S. G.: An Attempt to Correlate the Clinical Signs of Fluothane Anesthesia with the Electroencephalographic Levels , Canad. Anaesth. Soc. J. 4:289, 1957.Crossref 12. Courtin, R. F.: Electroencephalographic and Clinical Observations with Trichloroethylene and Nitrous Oxide Anesthesia , Dallas M. J. 41:613, 1955 13. Martin J. T.; Faulconer, A., Jr., and Bickford, R. G.: Electroencephalography in Anesthesiology , Anesthesiology 20:359, 1959.Crossref 14. Adler, F. H.: Physiology of the Eye: Clinical Application , St. Louis, The C. V. Mosby Company, 1953 p. 128. 15. Breinin, G. M.: The Position of Rest During Anesthesia and Sleep: Electromyographic Observations , A.M.A. Arch. Ophthal. 57:323, 1957.Crossref 16. Sadove, M. S., and Unna, K. R.: Ophthalmic Studies of Curare and Curare-like Drugs in Man , Amer. J. Ophthal. 34:543, 1951. 17. Roche, J. R.: Research in the Use of Curare for Ocular Surgery , Amer. J. Ophthal. 33:91, 1950. 18. Kirby, D. B.: Use of Curare in Cataract Surgery , A.M.A. Arch. Ophthal. 43:678, 1950.Crossref 19. Schmerl, E., and Steinberg, B.: Separation of Diencephalic Centers Concerned with Pupillary Motility and Ocular Tension , Amer. J. Ophthal. 33:1379, 1950. 20. Von Sallmann, L., and Lowenstein, O.: Responses of Intraocular Pressure Blood Pressure, and Cutaneous Vessels to Electric Stimulation in the Diencephalon , Amer. J. Ophthal. 39:11 ( (Part I) ), 1955. 21. Von Sallmann, L.; Macri, F. J.; Wanko, T., and Grimes, P. A.: Some Mechanisms of Centrally Induced Eye Pressure Responses , Amer. J. Ophthal. 42:130 ( (Part II) ), 1956.

Journal

Archives of Ophthalmology – American Medical Association

Published: Dec 1, 1961

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