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Some Intraocular and Conjunctival Effects of Amphotericin B in Man and in the Rabbit

Some Intraocular and Conjunctival Effects of Amphotericin B in Man and in the Rabbit Abstract Intraocular mycotic infection is rare, and it usually necessitates enucleation of the affected eye. We recently encountered three instances of fulminating fungus endophthalmitis occurring as a postsurgical complication of cataract extraction, in which a pure culture of the Volutella species * was isolated from each of the infected eyes. We believe that these cases are the first of this kind to be reported. In two cases the infection failed to respond to conventional therapy and was terminated only by enucleation of the eye. In an effort to check the progress of infection in the third eye, a new antifungal antibiotic, amphotericin B,† was administered by parenteral, conjunctival, and intraocular routes. This clinical trial of amphotericin B for ocular infection, together with the experimental use of the antibiotic in the eyes of rabbits, is the subject of this report. Amphotericin B is a polyene antifungal antibiotic which was isolated in 1955 by References 1. Dr. G. A. deVries, Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Baarn, Netherlands, provided the taxonomic identification of the culture. The closest species name that could be applied to this organism was Volutella cinerescens (Cesati) Sacc., belonging to the family Tuberculaceae. 2. The trade name of E. R. Squibb & Sons, Division of Olin Mathieson Chemical Corporation, for amphotericin B is Fungizone. 3. Gold, W.; Stout, H. A.; Pagano, J. F., and Donovick, R.: Amphotericins A and B, Antifungal Antibiotics Produced by a Streptomycete: I. In Vitro Studies, Antibiotics Ann., p. 579, 1955-1956. 4. Summary of Information for Clinical Investigators , E. R. Squibb & Sons, Division of Olin Mathieson Chemical Corporation, New Brunswick, N. J., Oct. 28, 1955. 5. Steinberg, B. A.; Jambor, W. P., and Suydam, L. O.: Amphotericins A and B: Two New Antifungal Antibiotics Possessing High Activity Against Deep-Seated and Superficial Mycoses, Antibiotics Ann., p. 574, 1955-1956. 6. Steinberg, T. H.; Wright, E. T., and Oura, M.: A New Antifungal Antibiotic, Amphotericin B, Antibiotics Ann., p. 566, 1955-1956. 7. Vandeputte, J.; Wachtel, J. L., and Stiller, E. T.: Amphotericins A and B, Antifungal Antibiotics Produced by a Streptomycete: II. The Isolation and Properties of the Crystalline Amphotericins, Antibiotics Ann., p. 587, 1955-1956. 8. Dutcher, J. D.; Young, M. B.; Sherman, J. H.; Hibbits, W., and Walters, D. R.: Chemical Studies on Amphotericin B: I. Preparation of the Hydrogenation Product and Isolation of Mycosamine, an Acetolysis Product, Antibiotics Ann., p. 866, 1956-1957. 9. Louria, D. B.; Feder, N., and Emmons, C. W.: Amphotericin B in Experimental Histoplasmosis and Cryptococcosis, Antibiotics Ann., p. 870, 1956-1957. 10. Baum, G. L.; Rubel, H., and Schwarz, J.: Treatment of Experimental Histoplasmosis, Antibiotics Ann., p. 878, 1956-1957. 11. Summary of Information for Clinical Investigators , E. R. Squibb & Sons, Division of Olin Mathieson Chemical Corporation, New Brunswick, N. J., March 8, 1957. 12. Fungizone for Injection: Squibb Amphotericin B Desoxycholate Complex for Injection , E. R. Squibb & Sons, Division of Olin Mathieson Chemical Corporation, New Brunswick, N. J., June 26, 1957. 13. Fiese, M. J.: Treatment of Disseminated Coccidioidomycosis with Amphotericin B: Report of a Case , California Med. 86:119, 1957. 14. Littman, M. L.: Preliminary Observations on the Intravenous Use of Amphotericin B, an Antifungal Antibiotic, in the Therapy of Acute and Chronic Coccidioidal Osteomyelitis, read in the Conference on Coccidioidomycosis, Phoenix, Ariz., U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare and Arizona State Health Department, Feb. 11-13, 1957, p. 86. 15. Littman, M. L.; Pisano, M. A., and Lancaster, R. M.: Induced Resistance of Candida Species to Nystatin and Amphotericin B, Antibiotics Ann., p. 981, 1957-1958. 16. Littman, M. L.; Horowitz, P. L., and Swadey, J. G.: Coccidioidomycosis and its Treatment with Amphotericin B , Am. J. Med. 24:568-592, 1958.Crossref http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png A.M.A. Archives of Ophthalmology American Medical Association

Some Intraocular and Conjunctival Effects of Amphotericin B in Man and in the Rabbit

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References (4)

Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1958 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0096-6339
DOI
10.1001/archopht.1958.00940080573005
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Abstract

Abstract Intraocular mycotic infection is rare, and it usually necessitates enucleation of the affected eye. We recently encountered three instances of fulminating fungus endophthalmitis occurring as a postsurgical complication of cataract extraction, in which a pure culture of the Volutella species * was isolated from each of the infected eyes. We believe that these cases are the first of this kind to be reported. In two cases the infection failed to respond to conventional therapy and was terminated only by enucleation of the eye. In an effort to check the progress of infection in the third eye, a new antifungal antibiotic, amphotericin B,† was administered by parenteral, conjunctival, and intraocular routes. This clinical trial of amphotericin B for ocular infection, together with the experimental use of the antibiotic in the eyes of rabbits, is the subject of this report. Amphotericin B is a polyene antifungal antibiotic which was isolated in 1955 by References 1. Dr. G. A. deVries, Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Baarn, Netherlands, provided the taxonomic identification of the culture. The closest species name that could be applied to this organism was Volutella cinerescens (Cesati) Sacc., belonging to the family Tuberculaceae. 2. The trade name of E. R. Squibb & Sons, Division of Olin Mathieson Chemical Corporation, for amphotericin B is Fungizone. 3. Gold, W.; Stout, H. A.; Pagano, J. F., and Donovick, R.: Amphotericins A and B, Antifungal Antibiotics Produced by a Streptomycete: I. In Vitro Studies, Antibiotics Ann., p. 579, 1955-1956. 4. Summary of Information for Clinical Investigators , E. R. Squibb & Sons, Division of Olin Mathieson Chemical Corporation, New Brunswick, N. J., Oct. 28, 1955. 5. Steinberg, B. A.; Jambor, W. P., and Suydam, L. O.: Amphotericins A and B: Two New Antifungal Antibiotics Possessing High Activity Against Deep-Seated and Superficial Mycoses, Antibiotics Ann., p. 574, 1955-1956. 6. Steinberg, T. H.; Wright, E. T., and Oura, M.: A New Antifungal Antibiotic, Amphotericin B, Antibiotics Ann., p. 566, 1955-1956. 7. Vandeputte, J.; Wachtel, J. L., and Stiller, E. T.: Amphotericins A and B, Antifungal Antibiotics Produced by a Streptomycete: II. The Isolation and Properties of the Crystalline Amphotericins, Antibiotics Ann., p. 587, 1955-1956. 8. Dutcher, J. D.; Young, M. B.; Sherman, J. H.; Hibbits, W., and Walters, D. R.: Chemical Studies on Amphotericin B: I. Preparation of the Hydrogenation Product and Isolation of Mycosamine, an Acetolysis Product, Antibiotics Ann., p. 866, 1956-1957. 9. Louria, D. B.; Feder, N., and Emmons, C. W.: Amphotericin B in Experimental Histoplasmosis and Cryptococcosis, Antibiotics Ann., p. 870, 1956-1957. 10. Baum, G. L.; Rubel, H., and Schwarz, J.: Treatment of Experimental Histoplasmosis, Antibiotics Ann., p. 878, 1956-1957. 11. Summary of Information for Clinical Investigators , E. R. Squibb & Sons, Division of Olin Mathieson Chemical Corporation, New Brunswick, N. J., March 8, 1957. 12. Fungizone for Injection: Squibb Amphotericin B Desoxycholate Complex for Injection , E. R. Squibb & Sons, Division of Olin Mathieson Chemical Corporation, New Brunswick, N. J., June 26, 1957. 13. Fiese, M. J.: Treatment of Disseminated Coccidioidomycosis with Amphotericin B: Report of a Case , California Med. 86:119, 1957. 14. Littman, M. L.: Preliminary Observations on the Intravenous Use of Amphotericin B, an Antifungal Antibiotic, in the Therapy of Acute and Chronic Coccidioidal Osteomyelitis, read in the Conference on Coccidioidomycosis, Phoenix, Ariz., U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare and Arizona State Health Department, Feb. 11-13, 1957, p. 86. 15. Littman, M. L.; Pisano, M. A., and Lancaster, R. M.: Induced Resistance of Candida Species to Nystatin and Amphotericin B, Antibiotics Ann., p. 981, 1957-1958. 16. Littman, M. L.; Horowitz, P. L., and Swadey, J. G.: Coccidioidomycosis and its Treatment with Amphotericin B , Am. J. Med. 24:568-592, 1958.Crossref

Journal

A.M.A. Archives of Ophthalmology – American Medical Association

Published: Oct 1, 1958

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