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Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis with Low-Fat Diet: Results of Five and One-Half Years' Experience

Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis with Low-Fat Diet: Results of Five and One-Half Years' Experience Abstract The primary purpose of this paper is to report the results of five and one-half years' experience of treating multiple sclerosis with a low-fat diet. A preliminary report of this method of treatment on the same patients was made two years ago.1 At that time it was reported that during an average treatment period of nearly three years 45 patients with exacerbating-remitting type of multiple sclerosis seemed to benefit from the low-fat diet. This tentative assumption was based on a reduction in the frequency and severity of exacerbation of the disease and upon an increased performance of patients on the low-fat diet. The earlier cases seemed to benefit more than those with established disabilities. At that time possible theoretical reasons for employing the low-fat diet were discussed, and papers by me in collaboration with other investigators * bearing on our problem were reviewed in detail. The secondary purpose of the References 1. References 2 and 3. 2. Dr. Carl E. Hopkins, biostatistician to University of Oregon Medical School, made the statistical analysis of the data included in the Table. 3. Unpublished observations. Reference 12. 4. References 22 and 23. 5. These observations are to be published separately. 6. References 2 and 3. 7. References 5, 6, and 7. 8. Swank, R. L.: Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis with Low-Fat Diet , Arch. Neurol. & Psychiat. 69: 91, 1953. 9. Swank, R. L.: Multiple Sclerosis: A Correlation of Its Incidence with Dietary Fat , Am. J. M. Sc. 220:421, 1950. 10. Swank, R. L.; Lerstad, O.; Strøm, A., and Backer, J.: Multiple Sclerosis in Rural Norway: Its Geographic and Occupational Incidence in Relation to Nutrition , New England J. Med. 246:721, 1952. 11. Swank, R. L.: Changes in the Blood Produced by a Fat Meal and by Intravenous Heparin , Am. J. Physiol. 164:798, 1951. 12. Swank, R. L., and Cullen, C. F.: Circulatory Changes in the Hamster's Cheek Pouch Associated with Alimentary Lipemia , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 82:381, 1953. 13. Cullen, C. F., and Swank, R. L.: Intravascular Aggregation and Adhesiveness of the Blood Elements Associated with Alimentary Lipemia and Injections of Large Molecular Substances: Effect on Blood-Brain Barrier , Circulation 9:335, 1954. 14. Swank, R. L.: Effect of High Fat Feedings on Viscosity of the Blood , Science 120:427, 1954. 15. Thygeson, P.: Analysis of the Course of Multiple Sclerosis , Acta psychiat. et neurol. , (Supp. 74) , p. 48, 1951. 16. Allison, R. S.: Disseminated Sclerosis, Survival in: A Clinical Study of a Series of Cases First Seen 20 years Ago , Brain 73:103, 1950. 17. Dixon, W. G., and Massey, F. J.: Introduction to Statistical Analysis , New York, McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., 1951, p. 110. 18. Harris, Horwitz, and Mood: On the Determination of Sample Sizes in Designing Experiments , J. Am. Statist. A. 43:391, 1948. 19. Wilmot, V. C., and Swank, R. L.: The Influence of Low Fat Diet on Blood Lipid Levels in Health and in Multiple Sclerosis , Am. J. M. Sc. 223:25, 1952. 20. Putnam, T. J.: Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis: A Possible Vascular Factor , New England J. Med. 209:786, 1933. 21. Brickner, R. M.: Significance of Localized Vasoconstriction in Multiple Sclerosis , A. Res. Nerv. & Ment. Dis., Proc. (1948) 28:236, 1950. 22. Gomirato, G.: Alterazioni dei capillari in malati di sclerosi multipla e loco significato , Riv. pat. nerv. 53:148, 1939. 23. Chiavacci, L. V., and Putnam, T. J.: Capillaroscopic Observations in Cases of Multiple Sclerosis , Arch. Neurol. & Psychiat. 61:577, 1949. 24. Grain, G. O., and Jahsman, W. E.: Significance of Peripheral Vascular Changes in Multiple Sclerosis , A. Res. Nerv. & Ment. Dis., Proc. (1948) 28:216, 1950. 25. Franklin, C. R., and Brickner, R. M.: Vasospasm Associated with Multiple Sclerosis , Arch. Neurol. & Psychiat. 58:125, 1947. 26. Rucker, C. W.: Sheathing of the Retinal Veins in Multiple Sclerosis , J. A. M. A. 127:970, 1945. 27. Haarr, M.: Periphlebitis Retinae in Association with Multiple Sclerosis , Acta psychiat. et neurol. 28:175, 1953. 28. Shulman, M. H.; Alexander, L.; Ehrentheil, O. F., and Gross, R.: Capillary Resistance Studies in Multiple Sclerosis , J. Neuropath. & Exper. Neurol. 9:420, 1950. 29. Putnam, T. J.: Lesions of Encephalomyelitis and Multiple Sclerosis: Venous Thrombosis as the Primary Alteration , J. A. M. A. 108:1477, 1937. 30. Putnam, T. J., and Adler, A.: Vascular Architecture of the Lesions of Multiple Sclerosis , Arch. Neurol. & Psychiat. 38:1, 1937. 31. Dow, R. S., and Berglund, G.: Vascular Pattern of Lesions of Multiple Sclerosis , Arch. Neurol. & Psychiat. 47:1, 1942. 32. Fog, T.: Topographic Distribution of Plaques in the Spinal Cord in Multiple Sclerosis , Arch. Neurol. & Psychiat. 63:382, 1950. 33. Macchi, G.: Pathology of the Blood Vessels in Multiple Sclerosis , J. Neuropath. & Exper. Neurol. 13:378, 1954. 34. Swank, R. L., and Hain, R. F.: Effect of Different-Sized Emboli on the Vascular System and Parenchyma of the Brain , J. Neuropath. & Exper. Neurol. 11:280, 1952. 35. Lewis, R. C., and Swank, R. L.: Effect of Cerebral Microembolism on the Perivascular Neuroglia , J. Neuropath. & Exper. Neurol. 12:57, 1953. 36. Fog, T.: On the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis , Acta psychiat. et neurol. , (Supp. 74) , p. 22, 1951. 37. Nathanson, M., and Savitsky, J. P.: Platelet Adhesive Index Studies in Multiple Sclerosis and Other Neurological Disorders , Bull. New York Acad. Med. 28:462, 1952. 38. Swank, R. L.; Franklin, A. E., and Quastel, J. H.: Paper Chromatography of Blood Plasmas in Multiple Sclerosis , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 76:183, 1951. 39. Swank, R. L.: Blood Plasma in Multiple Sclerosis: Periodic Abnormalities in Pattern of Paper Chromatography , Arch. Neurol. & Psychiat. 69:281, 1953. 40. Aird, R. B.; Gofman, J.; Jones, H. B.; Campbell, B., and Garoutte, B.: Ultracentrifuge Studies of Lipoproteins in Multiple Sclerosis , Neurology 3:22, 1953. 41. Saifer, A.; Rabiner, A. M.; Oreskes, J., and Volk, B. W.: Electrophoretic and Chemical Serum Protein Fractions in Multiple Sclerosis , Am. J. M. Sc. 225:287, 1953. 42. Bernsohn, J., and Cochrane, L. S. G.: Electrophoretic Fractionation of Serum Protein in Multiple Sclerosis , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 86:540, 1954. 43. Dobin, N. B., and Switzer, J. L.: Liver Function and Other Blood Chemistry Tests in Multiple Sclerosis , A. M. A. Arch. Neurol. & Psychiat. 71:405, 1954. 44. Kniseley, M. H.; Bloch, E. H.; Eliot, T. S., and Warner, L.: Sludged Blood , Science 106:431, 1947. 45. Roizin, L.; Abell, R. G., and Winn, J.: Preliminary Studies of Sluged Blood in Multiple Sclerosis , Neurology 3:250, 1953. 46. Fowler, E. P.: Capillary Circulation with Changes in Sympathetic Activity: I. Blood Sludge from Sympathetic Stimulation , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 72:592, 1949. 47. Swank, R. L., and Roth, J. G.: Apparatus for Measuring Relative Blood Viscosity , Rev. Scient. Instruments 25:1020, 1954. 48. Kniseley, M. H.; Stratman-Thomas, W. K.; Eliot, T. S., and Bloch, E. H.: Knowlesi Malaria in Monkeys: I. Microscopic Pathological Circulatory Physiology of Rhesus Monkeys During Acute Plasmodium Knowlesi Malaria (a Motion Picture) , J. Nat. Malaria Soc. 4:285, 1945. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png A.M.A. Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry American Medical Association

Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis with Low-Fat Diet: Results of Five and One-Half Years' Experience

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References (50)

Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1955 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0096-6886
DOI
10.1001/archneurpsyc.1955.02330120035004
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Abstract The primary purpose of this paper is to report the results of five and one-half years' experience of treating multiple sclerosis with a low-fat diet. A preliminary report of this method of treatment on the same patients was made two years ago.1 At that time it was reported that during an average treatment period of nearly three years 45 patients with exacerbating-remitting type of multiple sclerosis seemed to benefit from the low-fat diet. This tentative assumption was based on a reduction in the frequency and severity of exacerbation of the disease and upon an increased performance of patients on the low-fat diet. The earlier cases seemed to benefit more than those with established disabilities. At that time possible theoretical reasons for employing the low-fat diet were discussed, and papers by me in collaboration with other investigators * bearing on our problem were reviewed in detail. The secondary purpose of the References 1. References 2 and 3. 2. Dr. Carl E. Hopkins, biostatistician to University of Oregon Medical School, made the statistical analysis of the data included in the Table. 3. Unpublished observations. Reference 12. 4. References 22 and 23. 5. These observations are to be published separately. 6. References 2 and 3. 7. References 5, 6, and 7. 8. Swank, R. L.: Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis with Low-Fat Diet , Arch. Neurol. & Psychiat. 69: 91, 1953. 9. Swank, R. L.: Multiple Sclerosis: A Correlation of Its Incidence with Dietary Fat , Am. J. M. Sc. 220:421, 1950. 10. Swank, R. L.; Lerstad, O.; Strøm, A., and Backer, J.: Multiple Sclerosis in Rural Norway: Its Geographic and Occupational Incidence in Relation to Nutrition , New England J. Med. 246:721, 1952. 11. Swank, R. L.: Changes in the Blood Produced by a Fat Meal and by Intravenous Heparin , Am. J. Physiol. 164:798, 1951. 12. Swank, R. L., and Cullen, C. F.: Circulatory Changes in the Hamster's Cheek Pouch Associated with Alimentary Lipemia , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 82:381, 1953. 13. Cullen, C. F., and Swank, R. L.: Intravascular Aggregation and Adhesiveness of the Blood Elements Associated with Alimentary Lipemia and Injections of Large Molecular Substances: Effect on Blood-Brain Barrier , Circulation 9:335, 1954. 14. Swank, R. L.: Effect of High Fat Feedings on Viscosity of the Blood , Science 120:427, 1954. 15. Thygeson, P.: Analysis of the Course of Multiple Sclerosis , Acta psychiat. et neurol. , (Supp. 74) , p. 48, 1951. 16. Allison, R. S.: Disseminated Sclerosis, Survival in: A Clinical Study of a Series of Cases First Seen 20 years Ago , Brain 73:103, 1950. 17. Dixon, W. G., and Massey, F. J.: Introduction to Statistical Analysis , New York, McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., 1951, p. 110. 18. Harris, Horwitz, and Mood: On the Determination of Sample Sizes in Designing Experiments , J. Am. Statist. A. 43:391, 1948. 19. Wilmot, V. C., and Swank, R. L.: The Influence of Low Fat Diet on Blood Lipid Levels in Health and in Multiple Sclerosis , Am. J. M. Sc. 223:25, 1952. 20. Putnam, T. J.: Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis: A Possible Vascular Factor , New England J. Med. 209:786, 1933. 21. Brickner, R. M.: Significance of Localized Vasoconstriction in Multiple Sclerosis , A. Res. Nerv. & Ment. Dis., Proc. (1948) 28:236, 1950. 22. Gomirato, G.: Alterazioni dei capillari in malati di sclerosi multipla e loco significato , Riv. pat. nerv. 53:148, 1939. 23. Chiavacci, L. V., and Putnam, T. J.: Capillaroscopic Observations in Cases of Multiple Sclerosis , Arch. Neurol. & Psychiat. 61:577, 1949. 24. Grain, G. O., and Jahsman, W. E.: Significance of Peripheral Vascular Changes in Multiple Sclerosis , A. Res. Nerv. & Ment. Dis., Proc. (1948) 28:216, 1950. 25. Franklin, C. R., and Brickner, R. M.: Vasospasm Associated with Multiple Sclerosis , Arch. Neurol. & Psychiat. 58:125, 1947. 26. Rucker, C. W.: Sheathing of the Retinal Veins in Multiple Sclerosis , J. A. M. A. 127:970, 1945. 27. Haarr, M.: Periphlebitis Retinae in Association with Multiple Sclerosis , Acta psychiat. et neurol. 28:175, 1953. 28. Shulman, M. H.; Alexander, L.; Ehrentheil, O. F., and Gross, R.: Capillary Resistance Studies in Multiple Sclerosis , J. Neuropath. & Exper. Neurol. 9:420, 1950. 29. Putnam, T. J.: Lesions of Encephalomyelitis and Multiple Sclerosis: Venous Thrombosis as the Primary Alteration , J. A. M. A. 108:1477, 1937. 30. Putnam, T. J., and Adler, A.: Vascular Architecture of the Lesions of Multiple Sclerosis , Arch. Neurol. & Psychiat. 38:1, 1937. 31. Dow, R. S., and Berglund, G.: Vascular Pattern of Lesions of Multiple Sclerosis , Arch. Neurol. & Psychiat. 47:1, 1942. 32. Fog, T.: Topographic Distribution of Plaques in the Spinal Cord in Multiple Sclerosis , Arch. Neurol. & Psychiat. 63:382, 1950. 33. Macchi, G.: Pathology of the Blood Vessels in Multiple Sclerosis , J. Neuropath. & Exper. Neurol. 13:378, 1954. 34. Swank, R. L., and Hain, R. F.: Effect of Different-Sized Emboli on the Vascular System and Parenchyma of the Brain , J. Neuropath. & Exper. Neurol. 11:280, 1952. 35. Lewis, R. C., and Swank, R. L.: Effect of Cerebral Microembolism on the Perivascular Neuroglia , J. Neuropath. & Exper. Neurol. 12:57, 1953. 36. Fog, T.: On the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis , Acta psychiat. et neurol. , (Supp. 74) , p. 22, 1951. 37. Nathanson, M., and Savitsky, J. P.: Platelet Adhesive Index Studies in Multiple Sclerosis and Other Neurological Disorders , Bull. New York Acad. Med. 28:462, 1952. 38. Swank, R. L.; Franklin, A. E., and Quastel, J. H.: Paper Chromatography of Blood Plasmas in Multiple Sclerosis , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 76:183, 1951. 39. Swank, R. L.: Blood Plasma in Multiple Sclerosis: Periodic Abnormalities in Pattern of Paper Chromatography , Arch. Neurol. & Psychiat. 69:281, 1953. 40. Aird, R. B.; Gofman, J.; Jones, H. B.; Campbell, B., and Garoutte, B.: Ultracentrifuge Studies of Lipoproteins in Multiple Sclerosis , Neurology 3:22, 1953. 41. Saifer, A.; Rabiner, A. M.; Oreskes, J., and Volk, B. W.: Electrophoretic and Chemical Serum Protein Fractions in Multiple Sclerosis , Am. J. M. Sc. 225:287, 1953. 42. Bernsohn, J., and Cochrane, L. S. G.: Electrophoretic Fractionation of Serum Protein in Multiple Sclerosis , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 86:540, 1954. 43. Dobin, N. B., and Switzer, J. L.: Liver Function and Other Blood Chemistry Tests in Multiple Sclerosis , A. M. A. Arch. Neurol. & Psychiat. 71:405, 1954. 44. Kniseley, M. H.; Bloch, E. H.; Eliot, T. S., and Warner, L.: Sludged Blood , Science 106:431, 1947. 45. Roizin, L.; Abell, R. G., and Winn, J.: Preliminary Studies of Sluged Blood in Multiple Sclerosis , Neurology 3:250, 1953. 46. Fowler, E. P.: Capillary Circulation with Changes in Sympathetic Activity: I. Blood Sludge from Sympathetic Stimulation , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 72:592, 1949. 47. Swank, R. L., and Roth, J. G.: Apparatus for Measuring Relative Blood Viscosity , Rev. Scient. Instruments 25:1020, 1954. 48. Kniseley, M. H.; Stratman-Thomas, W. K.; Eliot, T. S., and Bloch, E. H.: Knowlesi Malaria in Monkeys: I. Microscopic Pathological Circulatory Physiology of Rhesus Monkeys During Acute Plasmodium Knowlesi Malaria (a Motion Picture) , J. Nat. Malaria Soc. 4:285, 1945.

Journal

A.M.A. Archives of Neurology & PsychiatryAmerican Medical Association

Published: Jun 1, 1955

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