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STUDIES ON BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER WITH RADIOACTIVE PHOSPHORUS: III. Embryonic Development of the Barrier

STUDIES ON BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER WITH RADIOACTIVE PHOSPHORUS: III. Embryonic Development of the... Abstract SHORTLY after the discovery was made that the central nervous system cannot be stained by intravenous injection of vital dyes and the concept of a blood-brain barrier was established, the question arose: Does or does not this barrier exist at birth? The phenomenon of kernicterus seemed to indicate that in the newborn infant the barrier is not yet fully developed, and experiments with vital dyes in young animals gave some support to this inference. The evidence these experiments offered was not certain, however. Moreover, some of these early investigations yielded contradictory results. It was thought that the application of radioactive phosphate would clarify the matter of the development of the blood-barrier and also reveal whether or not a similarity exists, in the intrauterine and the early postnatal stage, in the permeability of the barrier to pigments (bilirubin), vital dyes, and ions (P32). The analogy between the response of the References 1. Bakay, L.: Studies on the Blood-Brain Barrier with Radioactive Phosphorus , A. M. A. Arch. Neurol. & Psychiat. 66:419-426, 1951 2. Studies on Blood-Brain Barrier with Radioactive Phosphorus, II. Hypophysis and Hypothalamus in Man , Bakay A. M. A. Arch. Neurol. & Psychiat. 68:629-640, 1952. 3. Mossman, H. W.: Rabbit Placenta and the Problem of Placental Transmission , Am. J. Anat. 37:433-497, 1926. 4. Behnsen, G.: Über die Farbstoffspeicherung im Zentralnervensystem der weissen Maus in verschiedenen Alterszuständen , Ztschr. Zellforsch. u. mikr. Anat. 4:515-560, 1927. 5. Näätänen, E.: Über die Speicherung der intravenös injizierten Methylenblaulösung im Zentralnervensystem des menschlichen Fetus , Acta Soc. Med. Fenn. "Duodecim." 24:1-11, 1944. 6. Broman, T.: The Permeability of the Cerebrospinal Vessels in Normal and Pathological Conditions , Copenhagen, Ejnar Munksgaard, 1949. 7. Flexner, L. B., and Gellhorn, A.: The Comparative Physiology of Placental Transfer , Am. J. Obst. & Gynec. 43:965-974, 1942. 8. Flexner, L. B.; Cowie, D. B.; Hellman, L. M.; Wilde, W. S., and Vosburgh, G. J.: Permeability of the Human Placenta to Sodium in Normal and Abnormal Pregnancies and the Supply of Sodium to the Human Fetus as Determined with Radioactive Sodium , Am. J. Obst. & Gynec. 55:469-480, 1948. 9. Hellman, L. M.; Flexner, L. B.; Wilde, W. S.; Vosburgh, G. J., and Proctor, N. K.: Permeability of the Human Placenta to Water and the Supply of Water to the Human Fetus as Determined with Deuterium Oxide , Am. J. Obst. & Gynec. 56:861-868, 1948. 10. Wilde, W. S.; Cowie, D. B., and Flexner, L. B.: Permeability of the Placenta of the Guinea Pig to Inorganic Phosphate and Its Relation to Fetal Growth , Am. J. Physiol. 147:360-369, 1946. 11. Fries, B. A., and Chaikoff, I. L.: Factors Influencing Recovery of Injected Labeled Phosphorus in Various Organs of the Rat , J. Biol. Chem. 141:469-478, 1941. 12. Fries, B. A., and Chaikoff, I. L.: The Phosphorus Metabolism of the Brain as Measured with Radioactive Phosphorus , J. Biol. Chem. 141:479-485, 1941. 13. Stern, W. E., and Marshall, C.: Distribution of Radioactive Phosphorus in Normal and Diseased Brain Tissue: Experimental and Clinical Observations , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 78:16-20, 1951. 14. Fries and Chaikoff, footnotes 9 and 10. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png A.M.A. Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry American Medical Association

STUDIES ON BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER WITH RADIOACTIVE PHOSPHORUS: III. Embryonic Development of the Barrier

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References (15)

Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1953 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0096-6886
DOI
10.1001/archneurpsyc.1953.02320310036002
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Abstract SHORTLY after the discovery was made that the central nervous system cannot be stained by intravenous injection of vital dyes and the concept of a blood-brain barrier was established, the question arose: Does or does not this barrier exist at birth? The phenomenon of kernicterus seemed to indicate that in the newborn infant the barrier is not yet fully developed, and experiments with vital dyes in young animals gave some support to this inference. The evidence these experiments offered was not certain, however. Moreover, some of these early investigations yielded contradictory results. It was thought that the application of radioactive phosphate would clarify the matter of the development of the blood-barrier and also reveal whether or not a similarity exists, in the intrauterine and the early postnatal stage, in the permeability of the barrier to pigments (bilirubin), vital dyes, and ions (P32). The analogy between the response of the References 1. Bakay, L.: Studies on the Blood-Brain Barrier with Radioactive Phosphorus , A. M. A. Arch. Neurol. & Psychiat. 66:419-426, 1951 2. Studies on Blood-Brain Barrier with Radioactive Phosphorus, II. Hypophysis and Hypothalamus in Man , Bakay A. M. A. Arch. Neurol. & Psychiat. 68:629-640, 1952. 3. Mossman, H. W.: Rabbit Placenta and the Problem of Placental Transmission , Am. J. Anat. 37:433-497, 1926. 4. Behnsen, G.: Über die Farbstoffspeicherung im Zentralnervensystem der weissen Maus in verschiedenen Alterszuständen , Ztschr. Zellforsch. u. mikr. Anat. 4:515-560, 1927. 5. Näätänen, E.: Über die Speicherung der intravenös injizierten Methylenblaulösung im Zentralnervensystem des menschlichen Fetus , Acta Soc. Med. Fenn. "Duodecim." 24:1-11, 1944. 6. Broman, T.: The Permeability of the Cerebrospinal Vessels in Normal and Pathological Conditions , Copenhagen, Ejnar Munksgaard, 1949. 7. Flexner, L. B., and Gellhorn, A.: The Comparative Physiology of Placental Transfer , Am. J. Obst. & Gynec. 43:965-974, 1942. 8. Flexner, L. B.; Cowie, D. B.; Hellman, L. M.; Wilde, W. S., and Vosburgh, G. J.: Permeability of the Human Placenta to Sodium in Normal and Abnormal Pregnancies and the Supply of Sodium to the Human Fetus as Determined with Radioactive Sodium , Am. J. Obst. & Gynec. 55:469-480, 1948. 9. Hellman, L. M.; Flexner, L. B.; Wilde, W. S.; Vosburgh, G. J., and Proctor, N. K.: Permeability of the Human Placenta to Water and the Supply of Water to the Human Fetus as Determined with Deuterium Oxide , Am. J. Obst. & Gynec. 56:861-868, 1948. 10. Wilde, W. S.; Cowie, D. B., and Flexner, L. B.: Permeability of the Placenta of the Guinea Pig to Inorganic Phosphate and Its Relation to Fetal Growth , Am. J. Physiol. 147:360-369, 1946. 11. Fries, B. A., and Chaikoff, I. L.: Factors Influencing Recovery of Injected Labeled Phosphorus in Various Organs of the Rat , J. Biol. Chem. 141:469-478, 1941. 12. Fries, B. A., and Chaikoff, I. L.: The Phosphorus Metabolism of the Brain as Measured with Radioactive Phosphorus , J. Biol. Chem. 141:479-485, 1941. 13. Stern, W. E., and Marshall, C.: Distribution of Radioactive Phosphorus in Normal and Diseased Brain Tissue: Experimental and Clinical Observations , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 78:16-20, 1951. 14. Fries and Chaikoff, footnotes 9 and 10.

Journal

A.M.A. Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry – American Medical Association

Published: Jul 1, 1953

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