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CHRONIC PSYCHOGENIC HYPERVENTILATION

CHRONIC PSYCHOGENIC HYPERVENTILATION Abstract WE HAVE been greatly impressed by the frequency with which the acute hyperventilation syndrome has been encountered in our psychosomatic clinic.1 This frequency has been pointed out by others,2 and there are many excellent discussions of the clinical features and pathological physiology.3 In the usual case of hyperventilation the condition occurs as a discrete episode, usually of a few minutes' duration, recurring nearly always in a situation of great emotional or physical stress, and usually part of a generalized personality dysfunction, chiefly anxiety neurosis or hysteria.4 Patients with this disorder overbreathe for short periods of time, during which they are aware of dyspnea, chest discomfort, palpitation, lightheadedness, paresthesias, and, finally in some, syncope or tetany. All these symptoms tend to increase the patient's panic and potentiate the hyperventilation. Alhough these short episodes of hyperventilation may recur frequently and become alarming to the patient, long-continued overbreathing on References 1. Saslow, G.: An Experiment with Comprehensive Medicine , Psychosom. Med. 10:165, 1948.Crossref 2. Rice, R. L.: Symptom Patterns of the Hyperventilation Syndrome , Am. J. Med. 8:691, 1950.Crossref 3. McKell, T. E., and Sullivan, A. J.: The Hyperventilation Syndrome in Gastroenterology , Gastroenterology 9:6, 1947. 4. Kerr, W. J.; Dalton, J. W., and Gliebe, P. A.: Some Physical Phenomena Associated with the Anxiety States and Their Relation to Hyperventilation , Ann. Int. Med. 11:961, 1937.Crossref 5. Engel, G. L.; Ferris, E. B., and Logan, M.: Hyperventilation: Analysis of Clinical Symptomatology , Ann. Int. Med. 27:683, 1947.Crossref 6. Soley, M. H., and Shock, N. W.: Etiology of the Effort Syndrome , Am. J. M. Sc. 196:840, 1938.Crossref 7. Purtell, J. J.; Robins, E., and Cohen, M. E.: Observations on the Clinical Aspect of Hysteria , J. A. M. A. 146:902 [ (July 7) ] 1951Crossref 8. Peters, J. P., and Van Slyke, D. D.: Quantitative Clinical Chemistry; Methods , Vol. II, Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins Company, 1932. 9. Van Slyke, D. D.; Weisiger, J. R., and Van Slyke, K. K.: Photometric Measurements of Plasma pH , J. Biol. Chem. 179:743, 1949. 10. Weichselbaum, T. E., and Varney, P. L.: A New Method of Flame Photometry , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 71:570, 1949. 11. Harrop, G. A., and Loeb, R. F.: Uncompensated Alkalosis in Encephalitis , J. A. M. A. 81:452 ( (Aug. 11) ) 1923. 12. Peters, J. P.; Bulger, H. A.; Eisenman, A. J., and Lee, E.: Total and Base Equilibrium of Plasma in Health and Disease: IV. The Effects of Stasis, Exercise, Hyperpnea and Anoxemia, and Causes of Tetany , J. Biol. Chem. 67:176, 1926. 13. Talbott, J. J.; Cobb, S.; Coombs, F. S.; Cohen, M. E., and Consolazio, W. V.: Acid-Base Balance of the Blood in a Patient with Hysterical Hyperventilation , Arch. Neurol. & Psychiat. 39:973 ( (May) ) 1938. 14. Grant, S. B., and Goldman, A.: A Study of Forced Respiration: Experimental Production of Tetany , Am. J. Physiol. 52:209, 1920. 15. Shock, N. W., and Hastings, A. B.: Studies of the Acid-Base Balance of the Blood in Normal Individuals , J. Biol. Chem. 104:585, 1934. 16. Hastings and McLean ( J. Biol. Chem. 108:285, 1935) 17. Hebb, C. D., and Nimmo-Smith, R. H.: Pulmonary Vasoconstriction in Response to Inhalation of CO2 in the Isolated Perfused Lungs of Macacus Rhesus , Quart. J. Exper. Physiol. 34:159, 1948. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png A.M.A. Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry American Medical Association

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References (21)

Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1952 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0096-6886
DOI
10.1001/archneurpsyc.1952.02320160018002
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Abstract WE HAVE been greatly impressed by the frequency with which the acute hyperventilation syndrome has been encountered in our psychosomatic clinic.1 This frequency has been pointed out by others,2 and there are many excellent discussions of the clinical features and pathological physiology.3 In the usual case of hyperventilation the condition occurs as a discrete episode, usually of a few minutes' duration, recurring nearly always in a situation of great emotional or physical stress, and usually part of a generalized personality dysfunction, chiefly anxiety neurosis or hysteria.4 Patients with this disorder overbreathe for short periods of time, during which they are aware of dyspnea, chest discomfort, palpitation, lightheadedness, paresthesias, and, finally in some, syncope or tetany. All these symptoms tend to increase the patient's panic and potentiate the hyperventilation. Alhough these short episodes of hyperventilation may recur frequently and become alarming to the patient, long-continued overbreathing on References 1. Saslow, G.: An Experiment with Comprehensive Medicine , Psychosom. Med. 10:165, 1948.Crossref 2. Rice, R. L.: Symptom Patterns of the Hyperventilation Syndrome , Am. J. Med. 8:691, 1950.Crossref 3. McKell, T. E., and Sullivan, A. J.: The Hyperventilation Syndrome in Gastroenterology , Gastroenterology 9:6, 1947. 4. Kerr, W. J.; Dalton, J. W., and Gliebe, P. A.: Some Physical Phenomena Associated with the Anxiety States and Their Relation to Hyperventilation , Ann. Int. Med. 11:961, 1937.Crossref 5. Engel, G. L.; Ferris, E. B., and Logan, M.: Hyperventilation: Analysis of Clinical Symptomatology , Ann. Int. Med. 27:683, 1947.Crossref 6. Soley, M. H., and Shock, N. W.: Etiology of the Effort Syndrome , Am. J. M. Sc. 196:840, 1938.Crossref 7. Purtell, J. J.; Robins, E., and Cohen, M. E.: Observations on the Clinical Aspect of Hysteria , J. A. M. A. 146:902 [ (July 7) ] 1951Crossref 8. Peters, J. P., and Van Slyke, D. D.: Quantitative Clinical Chemistry; Methods , Vol. II, Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins Company, 1932. 9. Van Slyke, D. D.; Weisiger, J. R., and Van Slyke, K. K.: Photometric Measurements of Plasma pH , J. Biol. Chem. 179:743, 1949. 10. Weichselbaum, T. E., and Varney, P. L.: A New Method of Flame Photometry , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 71:570, 1949. 11. Harrop, G. A., and Loeb, R. F.: Uncompensated Alkalosis in Encephalitis , J. A. M. A. 81:452 ( (Aug. 11) ) 1923. 12. Peters, J. P.; Bulger, H. A.; Eisenman, A. J., and Lee, E.: Total and Base Equilibrium of Plasma in Health and Disease: IV. The Effects of Stasis, Exercise, Hyperpnea and Anoxemia, and Causes of Tetany , J. Biol. Chem. 67:176, 1926. 13. Talbott, J. J.; Cobb, S.; Coombs, F. S.; Cohen, M. E., and Consolazio, W. V.: Acid-Base Balance of the Blood in a Patient with Hysterical Hyperventilation , Arch. Neurol. & Psychiat. 39:973 ( (May) ) 1938. 14. Grant, S. B., and Goldman, A.: A Study of Forced Respiration: Experimental Production of Tetany , Am. J. Physiol. 52:209, 1920. 15. Shock, N. W., and Hastings, A. B.: Studies of the Acid-Base Balance of the Blood in Normal Individuals , J. Biol. Chem. 104:585, 1934. 16. Hastings and McLean ( J. Biol. Chem. 108:285, 1935) 17. Hebb, C. D., and Nimmo-Smith, R. H.: Pulmonary Vasoconstriction in Response to Inhalation of CO2 in the Isolated Perfused Lungs of Macacus Rhesus , Quart. J. Exper. Physiol. 34:159, 1948.

Journal

A.M.A. Archives of Neurology & PsychiatryAmerican Medical Association

Published: Apr 1, 1952

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