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THE HUMAN ELECTROMYOGRAM IN RESPONSE TO NERVE STIMULATION AND THE CONDUCTION VELOCITY OF MOTOR AXONS: Studies on Normal and on Injured Peripheral Nerves

THE HUMAN ELECTROMYOGRAM IN RESPONSE TO NERVE STIMULATION AND THE CONDUCTION VELOCITY OF MOTOR... Abstract ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC technics can be employed to obtain a quantitative measure of the functional impairment in man resulting from injury to peripheral nerve fibers or from other causes which prevent the passage of impulses along motor nerve fibers or across neuromuscular junctions. In the studies of nerve trauma to be described in this paper, the damaged nerve was activated by electrical stimuli delivered through the skin. The stimulating shocks were strong enough to activate all the excitable skeletomotor fibers in the nerve. The muscle action potential was recorded through small electrodes on the skin overlying appropriate muscles; this was the combined potential of many individual muscle fibers. The magnitude of this response was therefore determined, in part, by the number of muscle fibers which were functionally innervated and could, accordingly, be used to detect changes in this number, for example, during regeneration of an injured nerve. In addition, the conduction velocities References 1. Harvey, A. M., and Masland, R. L.: The Electromyogram in Myasthenia Gravis , Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp. 69:1-13, 191. 2. Harvey, A. M., and Kuffler, S. W.: Motor Nerve Function with Lesions of the Peripheral Nerves: A Quantitative Study , Arch. Neurol. & Psychiat. 52:317-322 ( (Oct.) ) 1944. 3. Harvey, A. M.; Kuffler, S. W., and Tredway, J. B.: Peripheral Neuritis: Clinical and Physiological Observations on a Series of Twenty Cases of Unknown Etiology , Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp. 77:83-103, 1945. 4. Erlanger, J., and Schoepfle, G. M.: A Study of Nerve Degeneration and Regeneration , Am. J. Physiol. 147:550-581, 1946. 5. Gasser, H. S.: The Classification of Nerve Fibers , Ohio J. Sc. 41:145-159, 1941. 6. Lloyd, D. P. C.: Conduction and Synaptic Transmission of Reflex Response to Stretch in Spinal Cats , J. Neurophysiol. 6:317-326, 1943. 7. Gasser, H. S., and Grundfest, H.: Axon Diameters in Relation to the Spike Dimensions and the Conduction Velocity in Mammalian A Fibers , Am. J. Physiol. 127:393-414, 1939. 8. Eccles, J. C., and Sherrington, C. S.: Numbers and Contraction Values of Individual Motor Units Examined in Some Muscles of the Limb , Proc. Roy. Soc. London, s.B 106:326-357, 1930. 9. Piper, H.: Elektrophysiologie menschlicher Muskeln , Berlin, Julius Springer, 1912. 10. Lorente de Nó, R.: The Synaptic Delay of the Motoneurones , Am. J. Physiol. 111:272-282, 1935. 11. Eccles, J. C., and O'Conner, W. J.: Responses Which Nerve Impulses Evoke in Mammalian Striated Muscles , J. Physiol. 97:44-102, 1939. 12. Berry, C. M.; Grundfest, H., and Hinsey, J. C.: The Electrical Activity of Regenerating Nerves in the Cat , J. Neurophysiol. 7:103-116, 1944. 13. Hursh, J. B.: Conduction Velocity and Diameter of Nerve Fibers , Am. J. Physiol. 127:131-139, 1939. 14. Berry and others.10 15. Gutmann, E.; Guttmann, L.; Medawar, P. B., and Young, J. Z.: The Rate of Regeneration of Nerve , J. Exper. Biol. 19:14-44. 1942. 16. Young, J. Z.: The Functional Repair of Nervous Tissue , Physiol. Rev. 22:318-374, 1942. 17. Weddell, G.; Feinstein, B., and Pattle, R. E.: The Clinical Application of Electromyography , Lancet 1:236-239, 1943 18. Electrical Activity of Voluntary Muscle in Man Under Normal and Pathological Conditions , Brain 67:178-257, 1944. 19. Seddon, H. J.; Medawar, P. B., and Smith, R.: Rate of Regeneration of Peripheral Nerves in Man , J. Physiol. 102:191-215, 1943. 20. Tower, S. S.: The Reaction of Muscle to Denervation , Physiol. Rev. 19: 1-48, 1939. 21. Gutmann, E., and Sanders, F. K.: Recovery of Fibre Numbers and Diameters in the Regeneration of Peripheral Nerves , J. Physiol. 101:489-518, 1940. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry American Medical Association

THE HUMAN ELECTROMYOGRAM IN RESPONSE TO NERVE STIMULATION AND THE CONDUCTION VELOCITY OF MOTOR AXONS: Studies on Normal and on Injured Peripheral Nerves

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References (23)

Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1948 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0096-6754
DOI
10.1001/archneurpsyc.1948.02310040011002
Publisher site
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Abstract

Abstract ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC technics can be employed to obtain a quantitative measure of the functional impairment in man resulting from injury to peripheral nerve fibers or from other causes which prevent the passage of impulses along motor nerve fibers or across neuromuscular junctions. In the studies of nerve trauma to be described in this paper, the damaged nerve was activated by electrical stimuli delivered through the skin. The stimulating shocks were strong enough to activate all the excitable skeletomotor fibers in the nerve. The muscle action potential was recorded through small electrodes on the skin overlying appropriate muscles; this was the combined potential of many individual muscle fibers. The magnitude of this response was therefore determined, in part, by the number of muscle fibers which were functionally innervated and could, accordingly, be used to detect changes in this number, for example, during regeneration of an injured nerve. In addition, the conduction velocities References 1. Harvey, A. M., and Masland, R. L.: The Electromyogram in Myasthenia Gravis , Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp. 69:1-13, 191. 2. Harvey, A. M., and Kuffler, S. W.: Motor Nerve Function with Lesions of the Peripheral Nerves: A Quantitative Study , Arch. Neurol. & Psychiat. 52:317-322 ( (Oct.) ) 1944. 3. Harvey, A. M.; Kuffler, S. W., and Tredway, J. B.: Peripheral Neuritis: Clinical and Physiological Observations on a Series of Twenty Cases of Unknown Etiology , Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp. 77:83-103, 1945. 4. Erlanger, J., and Schoepfle, G. M.: A Study of Nerve Degeneration and Regeneration , Am. J. Physiol. 147:550-581, 1946. 5. Gasser, H. S.: The Classification of Nerve Fibers , Ohio J. Sc. 41:145-159, 1941. 6. Lloyd, D. P. C.: Conduction and Synaptic Transmission of Reflex Response to Stretch in Spinal Cats , J. Neurophysiol. 6:317-326, 1943. 7. Gasser, H. S., and Grundfest, H.: Axon Diameters in Relation to the Spike Dimensions and the Conduction Velocity in Mammalian A Fibers , Am. J. Physiol. 127:393-414, 1939. 8. Eccles, J. C., and Sherrington, C. S.: Numbers and Contraction Values of Individual Motor Units Examined in Some Muscles of the Limb , Proc. Roy. Soc. London, s.B 106:326-357, 1930. 9. Piper, H.: Elektrophysiologie menschlicher Muskeln , Berlin, Julius Springer, 1912. 10. Lorente de Nó, R.: The Synaptic Delay of the Motoneurones , Am. J. Physiol. 111:272-282, 1935. 11. Eccles, J. C., and O'Conner, W. J.: Responses Which Nerve Impulses Evoke in Mammalian Striated Muscles , J. Physiol. 97:44-102, 1939. 12. Berry, C. M.; Grundfest, H., and Hinsey, J. C.: The Electrical Activity of Regenerating Nerves in the Cat , J. Neurophysiol. 7:103-116, 1944. 13. Hursh, J. B.: Conduction Velocity and Diameter of Nerve Fibers , Am. J. Physiol. 127:131-139, 1939. 14. Berry and others.10 15. Gutmann, E.; Guttmann, L.; Medawar, P. B., and Young, J. Z.: The Rate of Regeneration of Nerve , J. Exper. Biol. 19:14-44. 1942. 16. Young, J. Z.: The Functional Repair of Nervous Tissue , Physiol. Rev. 22:318-374, 1942. 17. Weddell, G.; Feinstein, B., and Pattle, R. E.: The Clinical Application of Electromyography , Lancet 1:236-239, 1943 18. Electrical Activity of Voluntary Muscle in Man Under Normal and Pathological Conditions , Brain 67:178-257, 1944. 19. Seddon, H. J.; Medawar, P. B., and Smith, R.: Rate of Regeneration of Peripheral Nerves in Man , J. Physiol. 102:191-215, 1943. 20. Tower, S. S.: The Reaction of Muscle to Denervation , Physiol. Rev. 19: 1-48, 1939. 21. Gutmann, E., and Sanders, F. K.: Recovery of Fibre Numbers and Diameters in the Regeneration of Peripheral Nerves , J. Physiol. 101:489-518, 1940.

Journal

Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry – American Medical Association

Published: Oct 1, 1948

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