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THE AYALA INDEX

THE AYALA INDEX Abstract In 1923 Ayala1 suggested the rachidian quotient as a means of ready differential diagnosis of an expanding intracranial lesion and other causes of increased intracranial pressure. The amount of drop in pressure after removal of a given amount of spinal fluid apparently differs in cases of tumor of the brain and those of hydrocephalus or serous meningitis. Balduzzi2 confirmed the value of this index about a year later, and Claude and his co-workers3 in 1928 added a note on the clinical importance of the quotient. No other extensive studies have attempted to evaluate this relatively simple clinical procedure. Perusal of the neurologic literature of the last ten years shows the occasional use in differential diagnosis of this index by various clinicians.4 There has been no systematic attempt by English or American investigators to test the value of this clinical procedure. Pollock and Boshes,5 in a References 1. Ayala, G.: Ueber den diagnostischen Wert des Liquordruckes und einer Apparat zu seiner Messung , Ztschr. f. d. ges. Neurol. u. Psychiat. 84:42, 1923.Crossref 2. Balduzzi, O.: Evaluation de la pression du liquide céphalo-rachidien dans les méningites séreuses et dans les tumeurs de l'encéphale , Encéphale 19:83, 1924. 3. Claude, H.; Lamache, A., and Schiff, P.: Valeur de quelques épreuves rachimanométriques au cours de l'hypertension intracranienne , Compt. rend. Soc. de biol. 99:300, 1928. 4. Marinesco, G.; Sager, O., and Grigoresco, D.: Considerations sur la pathogénie, le diagnostic et le traitement des méningites séreuses , J. de neurol. et de psychiat. 30:19, 1930. 5. Pollock, L. J., and Boshes, B.: Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure , Arch. Neurol. & Psychiat. 36:931 ( (Nov.) ) 1936. 6. Paulian, D.: Tumeurs de l'encéphale , Paris, Masson & Cie, 1935. 7. Brain, W. R.: Diseases of the Nervous System , New York, Oxford University Press, 1933, p. 108. 8. Ayala, G.: Die Physiopathologie der Mechanik des Liquor cerebrospinalis und der Rachidialquotient , Monatschr. f. Psychiat. u. Neurol. 58:65, 1925. 9. Carmack, J. W.: The Relation of Increased Intracranial Pressure to Disease in the Pneumatic Spaces , Ann. Otol., Rhin. & Laryng. 52:364, 1933. 10. Etienne, R.: Symptomes oculaires et orbitaires dans les sinusites sphénoidales , Thesis, Paris, no. 210, 1921, p. 39, case 13. 11. Goodhart, S. P., and Savitsky, N.: Otitic Hydrocephalus , Arch. Neurol. & Psychiat. 32:1345 ( (Dec.) ) 1934. 12. Smith, C. H.: Otitic Hydrocephalus with Report of a Case , Laryngoscope 44:931, 1934. 13. Bolotte and Fribourg-Blanc, A.: Un cas de larmes de sang par déséquilibre neuro-végétatif post-commotionnel , Arch. d'opht. 48:697, 1931. 14. Savitsky, N.: Further Comments on Head Injury—the Post-Concussion Syndrome , New York State J. Med. 34:909 ( (Nov. 1) ) 1934. 15. Labry, R., and Aufrère, R.: Hémorragie intradurale localisée post-traumatique. Trépanation. Guérison , Lyon méd. 149:582 ( (May 8) ) 1932. 16. Poncet, J. A.: Compression cérébrale par hématome localisé , Rev. méd. de la Suisse Rom. 55:522 ( (June 25) ) 1935. 17. Vercelli, G., and Ferrero, V.: Sindrome confusionale acuta, manifestazione tardiva di un ematoma fronto-temporale destro post-traumatico , Boll. e mem. Soc. piemontese di chir. 3:701, 1933. 18. Fiamberti, A. M.: Spasmo retinico, prodromo di accesso maniacale , Riv. oto-neuro-oftal. 13:608, 1934. 19. Kiewe, P.: Ueber Retinitis proliferans und intrakraniellen Hochdruck , Schweiz. Arch. f. Neurol. u. Psychiat. 35:42, 1935. 20. Schaeffer, H.: Stase papillaire gravidique avec syndrome d'hypertension intra-cranienne , Rev. neurol. 1:325, 1932. 21. Bollack, J., and Salgo, N.: Oedème papillaire au cours de la grossesse guéri par la ponction lombaire , Rev. d'oto-neuro-opht. 9:161, 1931. 22. Porot, A.: Les fortes hypertensions céphalo-rachidiennes d'origine veineuse. Leur latence. La discordance manométrique et clinique , Rev. neurol. 1:1173, 1930. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry American Medical Association

THE AYALA INDEX

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References (24)

Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1938 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0096-6754
DOI
10.1001/archneurpsyc.1938.02270050114006
Publisher site
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Abstract

Abstract In 1923 Ayala1 suggested the rachidian quotient as a means of ready differential diagnosis of an expanding intracranial lesion and other causes of increased intracranial pressure. The amount of drop in pressure after removal of a given amount of spinal fluid apparently differs in cases of tumor of the brain and those of hydrocephalus or serous meningitis. Balduzzi2 confirmed the value of this index about a year later, and Claude and his co-workers3 in 1928 added a note on the clinical importance of the quotient. No other extensive studies have attempted to evaluate this relatively simple clinical procedure. Perusal of the neurologic literature of the last ten years shows the occasional use in differential diagnosis of this index by various clinicians.4 There has been no systematic attempt by English or American investigators to test the value of this clinical procedure. Pollock and Boshes,5 in a References 1. Ayala, G.: Ueber den diagnostischen Wert des Liquordruckes und einer Apparat zu seiner Messung , Ztschr. f. d. ges. Neurol. u. Psychiat. 84:42, 1923.Crossref 2. Balduzzi, O.: Evaluation de la pression du liquide céphalo-rachidien dans les méningites séreuses et dans les tumeurs de l'encéphale , Encéphale 19:83, 1924. 3. Claude, H.; Lamache, A., and Schiff, P.: Valeur de quelques épreuves rachimanométriques au cours de l'hypertension intracranienne , Compt. rend. Soc. de biol. 99:300, 1928. 4. Marinesco, G.; Sager, O., and Grigoresco, D.: Considerations sur la pathogénie, le diagnostic et le traitement des méningites séreuses , J. de neurol. et de psychiat. 30:19, 1930. 5. Pollock, L. J., and Boshes, B.: Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure , Arch. Neurol. & Psychiat. 36:931 ( (Nov.) ) 1936. 6. Paulian, D.: Tumeurs de l'encéphale , Paris, Masson & Cie, 1935. 7. Brain, W. R.: Diseases of the Nervous System , New York, Oxford University Press, 1933, p. 108. 8. Ayala, G.: Die Physiopathologie der Mechanik des Liquor cerebrospinalis und der Rachidialquotient , Monatschr. f. Psychiat. u. Neurol. 58:65, 1925. 9. Carmack, J. W.: The Relation of Increased Intracranial Pressure to Disease in the Pneumatic Spaces , Ann. Otol., Rhin. & Laryng. 52:364, 1933. 10. Etienne, R.: Symptomes oculaires et orbitaires dans les sinusites sphénoidales , Thesis, Paris, no. 210, 1921, p. 39, case 13. 11. Goodhart, S. P., and Savitsky, N.: Otitic Hydrocephalus , Arch. Neurol. & Psychiat. 32:1345 ( (Dec.) ) 1934. 12. Smith, C. H.: Otitic Hydrocephalus with Report of a Case , Laryngoscope 44:931, 1934. 13. Bolotte and Fribourg-Blanc, A.: Un cas de larmes de sang par déséquilibre neuro-végétatif post-commotionnel , Arch. d'opht. 48:697, 1931. 14. Savitsky, N.: Further Comments on Head Injury—the Post-Concussion Syndrome , New York State J. Med. 34:909 ( (Nov. 1) ) 1934. 15. Labry, R., and Aufrère, R.: Hémorragie intradurale localisée post-traumatique. Trépanation. Guérison , Lyon méd. 149:582 ( (May 8) ) 1932. 16. Poncet, J. A.: Compression cérébrale par hématome localisé , Rev. méd. de la Suisse Rom. 55:522 ( (June 25) ) 1935. 17. Vercelli, G., and Ferrero, V.: Sindrome confusionale acuta, manifestazione tardiva di un ematoma fronto-temporale destro post-traumatico , Boll. e mem. Soc. piemontese di chir. 3:701, 1933. 18. Fiamberti, A. M.: Spasmo retinico, prodromo di accesso maniacale , Riv. oto-neuro-oftal. 13:608, 1934. 19. Kiewe, P.: Ueber Retinitis proliferans und intrakraniellen Hochdruck , Schweiz. Arch. f. Neurol. u. Psychiat. 35:42, 1935. 20. Schaeffer, H.: Stase papillaire gravidique avec syndrome d'hypertension intra-cranienne , Rev. neurol. 1:325, 1932. 21. Bollack, J., and Salgo, N.: Oedème papillaire au cours de la grossesse guéri par la ponction lombaire , Rev. d'oto-neuro-opht. 9:161, 1931. 22. Porot, A.: Les fortes hypertensions céphalo-rachidiennes d'origine veineuse. Leur latence. La discordance manométrique et clinique , Rev. neurol. 1:1173, 1930.

Journal

Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry – American Medical Association

Published: May 1, 1938

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