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Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Neurobehavioral Correlates in Schizencephaly

Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Neurobehavioral Correlates in Schizencephaly Abstract • We studied three patients with schizencephaly and related the results of comprehensive neuropsychologic and speech/language assessments to the severity and location of the brain malformations as appreciated by magnetic resonance imaging. Level of general intellectual functioning related to the amount of brain tissue involved, and variations in specific neurobehavioral abilities reflected the location of the brain malformation and the prenatal onset of the disorder. The overall findings emphasize the importance of comprehensive neuropsychologic and speech/language studies for appreciating the impact of prenatal neural insult on the functional reorganization of the brain and subsequent neurobehavioral functioning. References 1. Yakovlev PI, Wadsworth RC. Schizencephalies: a study of the congenital clefts in the cerebral mantle, I: clefts with fused lips . J Neuropathol. Exp Neurol. 1946;5:116-130.Crossref 2. Yakovlev PI, Wadsworth RC. Schizencephalies: a study of the congenital clefts in the cerebral mantle, II: clefts with hydrocephalus and lips separated . J Neuropathol Exp Neurol . 1946;5:169-206.Crossref 3. Bird CR, Gilles FH. Type I schizencephaly: CT and neuropathologic findings . AJNR . 1987;8:451-454. 4. Zimmerman RA, Bilaniuk LT, Grossman RI. Computed tomography in migratory disorders of human brain development . Neuroradiology . 1983;25:257-263.Crossref 5. Miller GM, Stears JC, Guggenheim MA, et al. Schizencephaly: a clinical and CT study . Neurology . 1984;34:997-1001.Crossref 6. Barkovich AJ, Norman D. MR imaging of schizencephaly . AJNR . 1988;9:297-302. 7. Osborn RE, Byrd SE, Naidich TP, et al. MR imaging of neuronal migrational disorders . AJNR . 1988;9:1101-1106. 8. Barkovich AJ, Chuang SH, Norman D. MR of neuronal migration anomalies . AJNR . 1987;8:1009-1017. 9. Volpe JJ. Neuronal proliferation, migration, organization, and myelination . In: Volpe JJ, ed. Neurology of the Newborn . Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders Co; 1987:33-68. 10. Wechsler D. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised . New York, NY: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich Publishers; 1981. 11. Jastak S, Wilkinson GS. The Wide Range Achievement Test-Revised . New York, NY: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich Publishers; 1984. 12. Centofanti CC, Smith A. The Single and Double Simultaneous (Face-Hand) Stimulation Test (SDSS) . Los Angeles, Calif: Western Psychological Services; 1979. 13. Benton AL, Hamsher KdeS, Varney NR, et al. Contributions to Neuropsychological Assessment: A Clinical Manual . New York, NY: Oxford University Press Inc; 1983. 14. Reitan RM, Wolfson D. The Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery: Theory and Clinical Interpretation . Tucson, Ariz: Neuropsychology Press; 1985. 15. Tiffin J. Purdue Pegboard Examiner Manual . Chicago, Ill: Science Research Associates Inc; 1968. 16. Goodglass H, Kaplan E. The Assessment of Aphasia and Related Disorders . 2nd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Lea & Febiger; 1983. 17. Benton AL, Hamsher KdeS. Multi-lingual Aphasia Examination: Manual of Instructions . Iowa City, Iowa: AJA Associates Inc; 1983. 18. Hooper HS. The Hooper Visual Organization Test . Los Angeles, Calif: Western Psychological Services; 1979. 19. Lezak MD. Neuropsychological Assessment . 2nd ed. New York, NY: Oxford University Press Inc; 1983. 20. Dworkin JP, Culatta RA. Dworkin-Culatta Oral Mechanism Examination . Nicholasville, Ky: Edgewood Press Inc; 1980. 21. Semel EM, Wiig EH. Clinical Evaluation of Language Functions . Columbus, Ohio: Charles E. Merrill Publishing Co; 1980. 22. Semel E, Wiig EH, Secord W. Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals-Revised . San Antonio, Tex: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich Inc; 1987. 23. Hammill DD, Newcomer PL. Test of Language Development-2, Intermediate . Austin, Tex: Pro Ed; 1988. 24. Hammill DD, Brown VL, Larsen SC, et al. Test of Adolescent Language . Austin, Tex: Pro Ed; 1980. 25. Carrow-Woolfolk E. Test for Auditory Comprehension of Language-Revised . Allen, Tex: DLM Teaching Resources: 1985. 26. Hammill DD. Detroit Tests of Learning Aptitude-2 . Austin, Tex: Pro Ed; 1985. 27. Jorgensen C, Barrett M, Huisingh R, et al. The Word Test . Moline, Ill: Lingui Systems; 1981. 28. McNeil MR, Prescott TE. Revised Token Test . Austin, Tex: Pro Ed; 1978. 29. Orsini DL, Satz P. A syndrome of pathological left-handedness: correlates of early lefthemisphere injury . Arch Neurol . 1986;43:333-337.Crossref 30. Sperry RW. Lateral specialization in the surgically separated hemispheres . In: Worden FG, Schmitt FO, eds. The Neurosciences: Third Study Program . Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press; 1974:5-20. 31. Teuber HL. Effects of focal brain injury on human behavior . In: Tower DB, ed. The Nervous System; The Clinical Sciences . New York, NY: Raven Press; 1975;2:457-480. 32. Penfield W, Robertson J. Growth asymmetry due to lesions to the postcentral cerebral cortex . Arch Neurol . 1943;50:405-430.Crossref 33. Semmes J. Hemispheric specialization: a possible clue to mechanism . Neuropsychologia . 1968;6:11-26.Crossref 34. Jarvis PE, Barth JT. Halstead-Reitan Test Battery: An Interpretive Guide . Odessa, Fla: Psychological Assessment Resources Inc; 1984. 35. Laurence S, Stein DG. Recovery after brain damage and the concept of localization of function . In: Finger S, ed. Recovery from Brain Damage . New York, NY: Plenum Press; 1978:369-407. 36. Henry RR, Satz P, Saslow E. Early brain damage and the ontogenesis of functional asymmetry . In: Almli CF, Finger S, eds. Early Brain Damage: Research Orientations and Clinical Observations . Orlando, Fla: Academic Press Inc; 1984;1:253-276. 37. Smith A. Early and long-term recovery from brain damage in children and adults: evolution of concepts of localization, plasticity, and recovery . In: Almli CF, Finger S, eds. Early Brain Damage: Research Orientations and Clinical Observations . Orlando, Fla: Academic Press Inc; 1984;1:299-324. 38. Dennis M, Kohn B. Comprehension of syntax in infantile hemiplegics after cerebral hemidecortication: left hemisphere superiority . Brain Lang . 1975;2:472-482.Crossref 39. Dennis M, Whitaker HA. Language acquisition following hemidecortication: linguistic superiority of the left over the right hemisphere . Brain Lang . 1977;3:404-433.Crossref 40. Stringer AY, Fennell EB. Hemispheric compensation in a child with left cerebral hypoplasia . Clin Neuropsychol . 1987;1:128-138.Crossref 41. Rasmussen T, Milner B. The role of early left brain injury in determining lateralization of cerebral speech functions . Ann NY Acad Sci . 1977;299:355-369.Crossref 42. Bullard-Bates PC, Satz P. A case of the pathological left-hander . Clin Neuropsychol . 1983;5:128-129. 43. Satz P, Orsini DL, Saslow E, et al. The pathological left-handedness syndrome . Brain Cognition . 1985;4:27-46.Crossref 44. Wada T, Rasmussen T. Intra-carotid injection of sodium amytal for the lateralization of cerebral speech dominance . J Neurosurg . 1960;17:266-282.Crossref http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Archives of Neurology American Medical Association

Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Neurobehavioral Correlates in Schizencephaly

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References (54)

Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1990 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0003-9942
eISSN
1538-3687
DOI
10.1001/archneur.1990.00530080099017
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Abstract

Abstract • We studied three patients with schizencephaly and related the results of comprehensive neuropsychologic and speech/language assessments to the severity and location of the brain malformations as appreciated by magnetic resonance imaging. Level of general intellectual functioning related to the amount of brain tissue involved, and variations in specific neurobehavioral abilities reflected the location of the brain malformation and the prenatal onset of the disorder. The overall findings emphasize the importance of comprehensive neuropsychologic and speech/language studies for appreciating the impact of prenatal neural insult on the functional reorganization of the brain and subsequent neurobehavioral functioning. References 1. Yakovlev PI, Wadsworth RC. Schizencephalies: a study of the congenital clefts in the cerebral mantle, I: clefts with fused lips . J Neuropathol. Exp Neurol. 1946;5:116-130.Crossref 2. Yakovlev PI, Wadsworth RC. Schizencephalies: a study of the congenital clefts in the cerebral mantle, II: clefts with hydrocephalus and lips separated . J Neuropathol Exp Neurol . 1946;5:169-206.Crossref 3. Bird CR, Gilles FH. Type I schizencephaly: CT and neuropathologic findings . AJNR . 1987;8:451-454. 4. Zimmerman RA, Bilaniuk LT, Grossman RI. Computed tomography in migratory disorders of human brain development . Neuroradiology . 1983;25:257-263.Crossref 5. Miller GM, Stears JC, Guggenheim MA, et al. Schizencephaly: a clinical and CT study . Neurology . 1984;34:997-1001.Crossref 6. Barkovich AJ, Norman D. MR imaging of schizencephaly . AJNR . 1988;9:297-302. 7. Osborn RE, Byrd SE, Naidich TP, et al. MR imaging of neuronal migrational disorders . AJNR . 1988;9:1101-1106. 8. Barkovich AJ, Chuang SH, Norman D. MR of neuronal migration anomalies . AJNR . 1987;8:1009-1017. 9. Volpe JJ. Neuronal proliferation, migration, organization, and myelination . In: Volpe JJ, ed. Neurology of the Newborn . Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders Co; 1987:33-68. 10. Wechsler D. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised . New York, NY: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich Publishers; 1981. 11. Jastak S, Wilkinson GS. The Wide Range Achievement Test-Revised . New York, NY: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich Publishers; 1984. 12. Centofanti CC, Smith A. The Single and Double Simultaneous (Face-Hand) Stimulation Test (SDSS) . Los Angeles, Calif: Western Psychological Services; 1979. 13. Benton AL, Hamsher KdeS, Varney NR, et al. Contributions to Neuropsychological Assessment: A Clinical Manual . New York, NY: Oxford University Press Inc; 1983. 14. Reitan RM, Wolfson D. The Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery: Theory and Clinical Interpretation . Tucson, Ariz: Neuropsychology Press; 1985. 15. Tiffin J. Purdue Pegboard Examiner Manual . Chicago, Ill: Science Research Associates Inc; 1968. 16. Goodglass H, Kaplan E. The Assessment of Aphasia and Related Disorders . 2nd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Lea & Febiger; 1983. 17. Benton AL, Hamsher KdeS. Multi-lingual Aphasia Examination: Manual of Instructions . Iowa City, Iowa: AJA Associates Inc; 1983. 18. Hooper HS. The Hooper Visual Organization Test . Los Angeles, Calif: Western Psychological Services; 1979. 19. Lezak MD. Neuropsychological Assessment . 2nd ed. New York, NY: Oxford University Press Inc; 1983. 20. Dworkin JP, Culatta RA. Dworkin-Culatta Oral Mechanism Examination . Nicholasville, Ky: Edgewood Press Inc; 1980. 21. Semel EM, Wiig EH. Clinical Evaluation of Language Functions . Columbus, Ohio: Charles E. Merrill Publishing Co; 1980. 22. Semel E, Wiig EH, Secord W. Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals-Revised . San Antonio, Tex: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich Inc; 1987. 23. Hammill DD, Newcomer PL. Test of Language Development-2, Intermediate . Austin, Tex: Pro Ed; 1988. 24. Hammill DD, Brown VL, Larsen SC, et al. Test of Adolescent Language . Austin, Tex: Pro Ed; 1980. 25. Carrow-Woolfolk E. Test for Auditory Comprehension of Language-Revised . Allen, Tex: DLM Teaching Resources: 1985. 26. Hammill DD. Detroit Tests of Learning Aptitude-2 . Austin, Tex: Pro Ed; 1985. 27. Jorgensen C, Barrett M, Huisingh R, et al. The Word Test . Moline, Ill: Lingui Systems; 1981. 28. McNeil MR, Prescott TE. Revised Token Test . Austin, Tex: Pro Ed; 1978. 29. Orsini DL, Satz P. A syndrome of pathological left-handedness: correlates of early lefthemisphere injury . Arch Neurol . 1986;43:333-337.Crossref 30. Sperry RW. Lateral specialization in the surgically separated hemispheres . In: Worden FG, Schmitt FO, eds. The Neurosciences: Third Study Program . Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press; 1974:5-20. 31. Teuber HL. Effects of focal brain injury on human behavior . In: Tower DB, ed. The Nervous System; The Clinical Sciences . New York, NY: Raven Press; 1975;2:457-480. 32. Penfield W, Robertson J. Growth asymmetry due to lesions to the postcentral cerebral cortex . Arch Neurol . 1943;50:405-430.Crossref 33. Semmes J. Hemispheric specialization: a possible clue to mechanism . Neuropsychologia . 1968;6:11-26.Crossref 34. Jarvis PE, Barth JT. Halstead-Reitan Test Battery: An Interpretive Guide . Odessa, Fla: Psychological Assessment Resources Inc; 1984. 35. Laurence S, Stein DG. Recovery after brain damage and the concept of localization of function . In: Finger S, ed. Recovery from Brain Damage . New York, NY: Plenum Press; 1978:369-407. 36. Henry RR, Satz P, Saslow E. Early brain damage and the ontogenesis of functional asymmetry . In: Almli CF, Finger S, eds. Early Brain Damage: Research Orientations and Clinical Observations . Orlando, Fla: Academic Press Inc; 1984;1:253-276. 37. Smith A. Early and long-term recovery from brain damage in children and adults: evolution of concepts of localization, plasticity, and recovery . In: Almli CF, Finger S, eds. Early Brain Damage: Research Orientations and Clinical Observations . Orlando, Fla: Academic Press Inc; 1984;1:299-324. 38. Dennis M, Kohn B. Comprehension of syntax in infantile hemiplegics after cerebral hemidecortication: left hemisphere superiority . Brain Lang . 1975;2:472-482.Crossref 39. Dennis M, Whitaker HA. Language acquisition following hemidecortication: linguistic superiority of the left over the right hemisphere . Brain Lang . 1977;3:404-433.Crossref 40. Stringer AY, Fennell EB. Hemispheric compensation in a child with left cerebral hypoplasia . Clin Neuropsychol . 1987;1:128-138.Crossref 41. Rasmussen T, Milner B. The role of early left brain injury in determining lateralization of cerebral speech functions . Ann NY Acad Sci . 1977;299:355-369.Crossref 42. Bullard-Bates PC, Satz P. A case of the pathological left-hander . Clin Neuropsychol . 1983;5:128-129. 43. Satz P, Orsini DL, Saslow E, et al. The pathological left-handedness syndrome . Brain Cognition . 1985;4:27-46.Crossref 44. Wada T, Rasmussen T. Intra-carotid injection of sodium amytal for the lateralization of cerebral speech dominance . J Neurosurg . 1960;17:266-282.Crossref

Journal

Archives of Neurology – American Medical Association

Published: Aug 1, 1990

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