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Landry-Guillain-Barré Syndrome: A Primary Demyelinating Disease

Landry-Guillain-Barré Syndrome: A Primary Demyelinating Disease Abstract THE Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an often fatal neurological condition which is due primarily to disease of the peripheral nervous system. The exact nature of the underlying pathological lesion has remained poorly defined partly because light microscopic findings have varied widely, depending on the duration of the disease process. During the first several days, edema and little other change is detectable. Later, infiltrates of mononuclear cells, degeneration of myelin and occasionally of axons appear.1 The single ultrastructural study in this condition was limited to peripheral nerve biopsy material and it suggested that GBS was a disorder of the axis cylinder with only secondary changes of myelin.2 The present study details electron microscopic observations on the nervous system in a fatal case of GBS. Findings are presented which establish the fact that GBS is a primary demyelinating disorder with an unusual pattern of myelin destruction previously unrecognized in References 1. Haymaker, W., and Kernohan, J.: The Landry-Guillain-Barré Syndrome , Medicine 28:59-141 ( (Feb) ) 1949.Crossref 2. Finean, J.B., and Woolf, A.L.: An Electron Microscope Study of Degenerative Changes in Human Cutaneous Nerve , J Neuropath Exp Neurol 21:105-115 ( (Jan) ) 1962.Crossref 3. Wiśniewski, H.; Prineas, J.; and Raine, C.S.: An Ultrastructural Study of Experimental Demyelination and Remyelination in the Peripheral and Central Nervous System: I. Acute Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis , Lab Invest , to be published. 4. Lampert, P.W.: Mechanism of Demyelination in Experimental Allergic Neuritis: Electron Microscopic Studies, to be published. 5. Lampert, P.W.: " Fine Structural Changes of Myelin Sheaths in the Central Nervous System ," in Bourne, G.H. (ed.): The Structure and Function of Nervous Tissue , New York: Academic Press, Inc., 1968, vol 1, pp 187-204. 6. Krücke, W.: " Erkrangungen des pheripheren Nervensystems ," in Lubarsch, O.; Henke, F.; and Rossle, R. (eds): Handbuch der speziellen Pathologischen Anatomie und Histologie , Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1955. 7. Whitaker, J.N., et al: Circulating Transformed Lymphocytes in Guillain-Barré Syndrome , Neurology , to be published. 8. Nathaniel, E.J.H., and Pease, D.C.: Degenerative Changes in Rat Dorsal Roots During Wallerian Degeneration , J Ultrastruct Res 9:511-532 ( (Dec) ) 1963.Crossref 9. Terry, R.D., and Harkin, J.C.: " Wallerian Degeneration and Regeneration of Peripheral Nerves ," in Korey, S.R. (ed): The Biology of Myelin , New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, Inc., 1959, pp 303-320. 10. Webster, H., et al: Phase and Electron Microscopic Studies of Experimental Demyelination: II. Schwann Cell Changes in Guinea Pig Sciatic Nerves During Experimental Diphtheritic Neuritis , J Neuropath Exp Neurol 20:5-34 ( (Jan) ) 1961.Crossref 11. Oldstone, M.B.A., and Dixon, F.J.: Immunohistochemical Study of Allergic Encephalomyelitis , Amer J Path 52:251-264 ( (Feb) ) 1968. 12. Pette, E., et al: Phenomena of the Cell Membrane and Their Possible Significance for the Pathogenesis of So-called Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System , Ann NY Acad Sci 122:417-428 ( (March) ) 1965.Crossref http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Archives of Neurology American Medical Association

Landry-Guillain-Barré Syndrome: A Primary Demyelinating Disease

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References (14)

Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1969 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0003-9942
eISSN
1538-3687
DOI
10.1001/archneur.1969.00480150059008
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Abstract THE Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an often fatal neurological condition which is due primarily to disease of the peripheral nervous system. The exact nature of the underlying pathological lesion has remained poorly defined partly because light microscopic findings have varied widely, depending on the duration of the disease process. During the first several days, edema and little other change is detectable. Later, infiltrates of mononuclear cells, degeneration of myelin and occasionally of axons appear.1 The single ultrastructural study in this condition was limited to peripheral nerve biopsy material and it suggested that GBS was a disorder of the axis cylinder with only secondary changes of myelin.2 The present study details electron microscopic observations on the nervous system in a fatal case of GBS. Findings are presented which establish the fact that GBS is a primary demyelinating disorder with an unusual pattern of myelin destruction previously unrecognized in References 1. Haymaker, W., and Kernohan, J.: The Landry-Guillain-Barré Syndrome , Medicine 28:59-141 ( (Feb) ) 1949.Crossref 2. Finean, J.B., and Woolf, A.L.: An Electron Microscope Study of Degenerative Changes in Human Cutaneous Nerve , J Neuropath Exp Neurol 21:105-115 ( (Jan) ) 1962.Crossref 3. Wiśniewski, H.; Prineas, J.; and Raine, C.S.: An Ultrastructural Study of Experimental Demyelination and Remyelination in the Peripheral and Central Nervous System: I. Acute Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis , Lab Invest , to be published. 4. Lampert, P.W.: Mechanism of Demyelination in Experimental Allergic Neuritis: Electron Microscopic Studies, to be published. 5. Lampert, P.W.: " Fine Structural Changes of Myelin Sheaths in the Central Nervous System ," in Bourne, G.H. (ed.): The Structure and Function of Nervous Tissue , New York: Academic Press, Inc., 1968, vol 1, pp 187-204. 6. Krücke, W.: " Erkrangungen des pheripheren Nervensystems ," in Lubarsch, O.; Henke, F.; and Rossle, R. (eds): Handbuch der speziellen Pathologischen Anatomie und Histologie , Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1955. 7. Whitaker, J.N., et al: Circulating Transformed Lymphocytes in Guillain-Barré Syndrome , Neurology , to be published. 8. Nathaniel, E.J.H., and Pease, D.C.: Degenerative Changes in Rat Dorsal Roots During Wallerian Degeneration , J Ultrastruct Res 9:511-532 ( (Dec) ) 1963.Crossref 9. Terry, R.D., and Harkin, J.C.: " Wallerian Degeneration and Regeneration of Peripheral Nerves ," in Korey, S.R. (ed): The Biology of Myelin , New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, Inc., 1959, pp 303-320. 10. Webster, H., et al: Phase and Electron Microscopic Studies of Experimental Demyelination: II. Schwann Cell Changes in Guinea Pig Sciatic Nerves During Experimental Diphtheritic Neuritis , J Neuropath Exp Neurol 20:5-34 ( (Jan) ) 1961.Crossref 11. Oldstone, M.B.A., and Dixon, F.J.: Immunohistochemical Study of Allergic Encephalomyelitis , Amer J Path 52:251-264 ( (Feb) ) 1968. 12. Pette, E., et al: Phenomena of the Cell Membrane and Their Possible Significance for the Pathogenesis of So-called Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System , Ann NY Acad Sci 122:417-428 ( (March) ) 1965.Crossref

Journal

Archives of NeurologyAmerican Medical Association

Published: Sep 1, 1969

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